Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

Personalized advertising represents an emerging trend in online advertising. Using enhanced data collection techniques, marketers can craft seemingly made to order advertisements tailored to specific individuals. In turn, this should lead to advertisements that are more relevant for consumers and more effective for marketers. Therefore, personalized advertising has the potential to benefit both consumers and firms alike. However, consumer acceptance of the technique remains a huge hurdle, as many consumers seem uncomfortable with the practice due in part to privacy concerns over the vast amounts of data collected and analyzed when generating personalized advertisements. Therefore, it is critical to garner a better understanding of consumers’ attitudes towards personalized advertising in order to be able to use those insights to alleviate consumer privacy concerns. The purpose of this research is to work towards developing a more thorough understanding of consumers’ attitudes towards personalized advertising by exploring the antecedents and outcomes of those attitudes. In particular, we examine what factors determine whether personalized advertising is perceived favorably vs. invasively by consumers and what effects those perceptions have on consumers’ attitudes and intentions. The research lends contributions to academicians, marketing practitioners, and consumers by helping to achieve an increased understanding of personalized advertising’s impact on consumers’ perceptions. The empirical study employed in this research utilizes a conceptual framework that integrates privacy calculus theory with previous research on invasiveness, advertising acceptance, and innovation adoption. In addition, this research contributes to the marketing and information privacy literatures by making a theoretical connection between perceived invasiveness and its relationship with privacy concerns, as well as its impact on consumers’ attitudes and behavioral intentions. The results from the empirical research reveal that a number of constructs, such as perceived invasiveness, privacy concerns, perceived usefulness, and consumer innovativeness demonstrate significant relationships with consumers attitudes and behavioral intentions in the context of personalized advertising. Implications for managers, researchers, and consumers are discussed. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2014. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

O ser humano não adquire mercadorias, ele se tornou uma. Assim, da interação dos personagens da relação de consumo, diversos questionamentos são erigidos: Existe algum risco à natureza ou ao ser humano? Que estímulos induzem os seres humanos a consumir? As pessoas estão envoltas pelos caracteres da sociedade de consumo, em que vínculos objetivos e subjetivos são erigidos entre os seres humanos e artefatos, sendo que influências diversas motivam o ato de consumo, destacando que a informação, entendida como publicidade, é um deles. Todos são consumidores em potencial, visto que a publicidade assedia qualquer cidadão, incentivando que todos consumam. Surge o cidadão-consumidor. Nessa linha, cabe ao Direito a tentativa de regulamentar tal fato, harmonizando prerrogativas e interesses. Paralelamente, visualiza-se que os riscos afloram como um espectro sobre os cidadãosconsumidores, sendo a cadeia de produção/consumo um de seus principais motivadores. Todavia, pelo aculturamento do consumo e pela construção de signos/significados movediços, a maioria da população não reflete sobre a amplitude do ato de consumo, renegando para segundo plano a reflexão sobre a existência de riscos. Tomando-se por base a Lei 8.078/80 – Código do Consumidor – e a legislação ambiental, vê-se que existem conexões entre o consumo e o meio ambiente: ambos são difusos. Assim, atrelado à relação de consumo e a percepção do princípio da informação, surge a reflexão acerca da informação ambiental, que, em tese proporciona aos cidadãos-consumidores, dados oportunos para uma tomada de decisão contextualizada, não baseada apenas no convencimento extrínseco sobre determinado produto. Dessa maneira, as relações jurídicas de consumo, diretas e indiretas, vinculam-se a perspectiva da informação ampla e contextualizada, estimulando, entre outros pontos uma conscientização ecológica. Tal vínculo pode motivar a consecução do consumo sustentável repercutindo positivamente sobre o ambiente, bem como sobre a sociedade. Apresentam-se diversas propostas de utilização da informação ambiental como mecanismo para incentivar a preservação dos recursos naturais. Também, nota-se que está em curso uma mudança de concepção do Estado, o qual deixa de ser entendido apenas como um Estado Democrático de Direito para ser compreendido como um Estado Democrático Socioambiental de Direito. A informação, além de ser compreendida como um mecanismo de indução ao consumo, também se transforma em um elemento de motivação à reflexão dos cidadãos-consumidores, quanto à amplitude da cadeia de produção/consumo e em especial sobre o ato individual de consumo. E de tudo uma conclusão: a informação ambiental pode suscitar mudanças de atitudes, contudo, em paralelo, é necessário que os cidadãos-consumidores repensem costumes e hábitos. Caso contrário, a perspectiva da informação ambiental também será transformada em clichê, como já ocorre com determinados temas, tanto do Direito do Consumidor como do Direito Ambiental. / Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-05-15T13:31:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Jerônimo Giron.pdf: 1298543 bytes, checksum: 001ec326db4bd0e1ce5eead3e7b5e84d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-15T13:31:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Jerônimo Giron.pdf: 1298543 bytes, checksum: 001ec326db4bd0e1ce5eead3e7b5e84d (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The human does not buy products, he became one. Thus, the interaction of the characters of the consumption relation, several questions are erected: Exist any risk to humans or nature? What stimulus induced humans to consume? People are surrounded by the characters of the consumer society, in which ties objective and subjective are erected between humans and artifacts, being diverse influences motivated the act of consumption, noting that the information, understood as advertising, is one of them. All are potential consumers, because advertising harass any citizen, encouraging all of them to consume. Appears the citizenconsumer. Along this line, it is the Right attempting to regulate this fact, harmonizing interests and prerogatives. In parallel, visualizes which risks arise as a spectrum above of citizens, consumers, being the chain of production/consumption of its main motivators. However, by the consumption acculturation and construction of signs/meanings tenuous, most of the population does not reflect on the extent of the act of consumption, relegating to the background the reflection on the existence of risk. Taking as a basis the Law 8.078/80 - Consumer Code - and environmental legislation, see which there are connections between the consumer and the environment: both are diffuse. Thus, tied to consumption relation and the perception of the principle of information comes the reflection on the environmental information, which in theory gives citizens-consumers, satisfactory data for decision making context situation, not based solely on extrinsic conviction about a particular product. Therefore, the legal relations of consumption, direct and indirect, are tied to the prospect of broad and contextualized information, stimulating, among other things, ecological awareness. This bond can motivate the achievement of sustainable consumption causing an impacted positively on the environment and on society. Are presents several proposals for the use of environmental information as a mechanism to encourage the preservation of natural resources. Also, note that there is an ongoing change in the concept of the state, which ceases to be understood only as a democratic state to be understood as a Democratic State Environmental Law. The information, in addition to being understood as a mechanism to induce consumption also becomes an element of motivation for reflection citizen-consumers as to the ampleness of the production/consumption and in particular on the individual act of consumption. And of all a conclusion: environmental information can elicit changes in attitudes, however, in parallel, it is necessary which the citizen-consumers rethink your customs and habits. Otherwise, the prospect of environmental information will also be transformed into cliché, as already occurs with certain themes, both of Consumer Law how the Environmental Law.

O ser humano não adquire mercadorias, ele se tornou uma. Assim, da interação dos personagens da relação de consumo, diversos questionamentos são erigidos: Existe algum risco à natureza ou ao ser humano? Que estímulos induzem os seres humanos a consumir? As pessoas estão envoltas pelos caracteres da sociedade de consumo, em que vínculos objetivos e subjetivos são erigidos entre os seres humanos e artefatos, sendo que influências diversas motivam o ato de consumo, destacando que a informação, entendida como publicidade, é um deles. Todos são consumidores em potencial, visto que a publicidade assedia qualquer cidadão, incentivando que todos consumam. Surge o cidadão-consumidor. Nessa linha, cabe ao Direito a tentativa de regulamentar tal fato, harmonizando prerrogativas e interesses. Paralelamente, visualiza-se que os riscos afloram como um espectro sobre os cidadãosconsumidores, sendo a cadeia de produção/consumo um de seus principais motivadores. Todavia, pelo aculturamento do consumo e pela construção de signos/significados movediços, a maioria da população não reflete sobre a amplitude do ato de consumo, renegando para segundo plano a reflexão sobre a existência de riscos. Tomando-se por base a Lei 8.078/80 – Código do Consumidor – e a legislação ambiental, vê-se que existem conexões entre o consumo e o meio ambiente: ambos são difusos. Assim, atrelado à relação de consumo e a percepção do princípio da informação, surge a reflexão acerca da informação ambiental, que, em tese proporciona aos cidadãos-consumidores, dados oportunos para uma tomada de decisão contextualizada, não baseada apenas no convencimento extrínseco sobre determinado produto. Dessa maneira, as relações jurídicas de consumo, diretas e indiretas, vinculam-se a perspectiva da informação ampla e contextualizada, estimulando, entre outros pontos uma conscientização ecológica. Tal vínculo pode motivar a consecução do consumo sustentável repercutindo positivamente sobre o ambiente, bem como sobre a sociedade. Apresentam-se diversas propostas de utilização da informação ambiental como mecanismo para incentivar a preservação dos recursos naturais. Também, nota-se que está em curso uma mudança de concepção do Estado, o qual deixa de ser entendido apenas como um Estado Democrático de Direito para ser compreendido como um Estado Democrático Socioambiental de Direito. A informação, além de ser compreendida como um mecanismo de indução ao consumo, também se transforma em um elemento de motivação à reflexão dos cidadãos-consumidores, quanto à amplitude da cadeia de produção/consumo e em especial sobre o ato individual de consumo. E de tudo uma conclusão: a informação ambiental pode suscitar mudanças de atitudes, contudo, em paralelo, é necessário que os cidadãos-consumidores repensem costumes e hábitos. Caso contrário, a perspectiva da informação ambiental também será transformada em clichê, como já ocorre com determinados temas, tanto do Direito do Consumidor como do Direito Ambiental. / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The human does not buy products, he became one. Thus, the interaction of the characters of the consumption relation, several questions are erected: Exist any risk to humans or nature? What stimulus induced humans to consume? People are surrounded by the characters of the consumer society, in which ties objective and subjective are erected between humans and artifacts, being diverse influences motivated the act of consumption, noting that the information, understood as advertising, is one of them. All are potential consumers, because advertising harass any citizen, encouraging all of them to consume. Appears the citizenconsumer. Along this line, it is the Right attempting to regulate this fact, harmonizing interests and prerogatives. In parallel, visualizes which risks arise as a spectrum above of citizens, consumers, being the chain of production/consumption of its main motivators. However, by the consumption acculturation and construction of signs/meanings tenuous, most of the population does not reflect on the extent of the act of consumption, relegating to the background the reflection on the existence of risk. Taking as a basis the Law 8.078/80 - Consumer Code - and environmental legislation, see which there are connections between the consumer and the environment: both are diffuse. Thus, tied to consumption relation and the perception of the principle of information comes the reflection on the environmental information, which in theory gives citizens-consumers, satisfactory data for decision making context situation, not based solely on extrinsic conviction about a particular product. Therefore, the legal relations of consumption, direct and indirect, are tied to the prospect of broad and contextualized information, stimulating, among other things, ecological awareness. This bond can motivate the achievement of sustainable consumption causing an impacted positively on the environment and on society. Are presents several proposals for the use of environmental information as a mechanism to encourage the preservation of natural resources. Also, note that there is an ongoing change in the concept of the state, which ceases to be understood only as a democratic state to be understood as a Democratic State Environmental Law. The information, in addition to being understood as a mechanism to induce consumption also becomes an element of motivation for reflection citizen-consumers as to the ampleness of the production/consumption and in particular on the individual act of consumption. And of all a conclusion: environmental information can elicit changes in attitudes, however, in parallel, it is necessary which the citizen-consumers rethink your customs and habits. Otherwise, the prospect of environmental information will also be transformed into cliché, as already occurs with certain themes, both of Consumer Law how the Environmental Law.

The problem of this study was to examine the community, stockholder, and consumer public relations of the Dr Pepper Company. The data were collected by an examination of the major areas in Dr Pepper's public relations department. Detailed questionnaires were used in interviewing the department's head, Harry Ellis, and his assistant, Jim Ball. Follow-up interviews clarified Ball's and Ellis's responses to the questionnaires. Chapter I introduces the thesis. Chapter II presents information about Dr Pepper's consumer relations, Chapter III presents data about stockholder relations, and Chapter IV presents information about community relations. Chapter V summarizes the study and makes conclusions and recommendations. Dr Pepper's overriding weakness was the lack of pre- or post-testing of its public relations efforts; and its strengths are that it has never been accused of doing misleading advertising and it labels its products so that the consumer knows its content. The recommendation was made to expand and departmentalize the public relations operation.

Unsustainable food production and consumption patterns are threatening our living environment and our lives on earth. There is a need for profound transition in our ways to produce and consume food. Food, its production and consumption is a hot topic currently – as can be seen in media and in several projects run by various institutions. Circular economy and sustainable resource management address different actors as well. The City of Lahti joined the FISU-network and is taking steps towards sustainable resource management. This thesis contributes to the ongoing work of the City of Lahti in developing its food sustainability strategic work through its participation in the FISU-network. The study aims to investigate the state of the regional food supply chain of Lahti, Finland, and its path on sustainability transition. Further on, it examines how alternative food networks may impact different aspects of sustainable local development and what kind of a role actors of regional food supply chain play in promoting food sustainability. This study applied a case study approach and used qualitative research methods in the forms of workshop and semi-structured interviews. The results were examined applying the theoretical framework which included Activity theory, Co-Creation and Economy of Common Good. There are various policies and strategies on global, national and regional level aiming to sustain the food system, food production and consumption, as well as promoting the use of local food. Few of them were used to reveal the present state of the regional food supply chain together with the results gained at the workshop and interviews to find the desired way. Alternative food networks may shorten the food supply chain and allow everyone a chance to contribute to local food sustainability. They may have social meaning by bringing the food supply chain actors together and offering more value than purchasing goods. Consumers can act as co-creators having possibility to influence what is produced, where and how. Alternative food networks may not necessarily be ecological, but they may have wider implications for the regional and local communities on economic, social and cultural levels by offering jobs, interaction, as well as giving a face and a story to the food.

As relações de consumo, da mesma forma como relações privadas em geral, têm assumido caráter internacional. O crescente fenômeno acarreta, contudo, o incremento de vulnerabilidade do consumidor, a qual, em nível nacional, já exige que o direito restabeleça o desequilíbrio intrínseco à relação de consumo. Em nível internacional, assim, esses desafios aumentam, especialmente porque as normas conflituais clássicas foram construídas a partir da sociedade liberal moderna, que buscava basicamente a manutenção da igualdade formal entre os indivíduos, sem preocupações de cunho material. No Direito Internacional Privado Brasileiro essa situação se repete. Busca o presente trabalho, portanto, construir propostas para o Direito Internacional Privado Brasileiro de defesa do consumidor. Na primeira parte do trabalho, então, são analisadas as causas da vulnerabilidade na relação internacional de consumo, constatando-se estar no liberalismo jurídico e suas conseqüências na disciplina, bem como o duplo papel do princípio da autonomia da vontade. Por um lado, a autonomia permite o reconhecimento do indivíduo no plano internacional, mas por outro demonstra a insuficiência do modelo conflitual clássico. Diante da crise do modelo liberal moderno, discutem-se, na segunda parte do trabalho, os remédios para superar a vulnerabilidade na relação internacional de consumo. Analisa-se a informação enquanto forma de mitigar a vulnerabilidade do consumidor. Abordam-se, ainda, as formas de se encontrar a lei mais favorável ao consumidor. Nas conclusões, enfim, constrói-se uma sugestão de redação para a lei brasileira de proteção internacional do consumidor. / Consumers’ relations are becoming international, as private relations in general. This change brings, however, more difficulties to consumers’ protection, which is already hard in every kind of consumer’s relations. In international terms the difficulties increase, specially because the Classic Conflicts of Law Theory were built on the modern liberal society, whose basic aim was to maintain the formal equality between individuals, without any material concerns. In Brazilian Private International Law this situation is confirmed. Therefore, this present paper intend to find solutions to overcome the problems, based on the analysis of the vulnerability causes of the international consumer’s relations, providing proposals to the Brazilian Private International Law. At the first part, the causes of the international consumer’s relations vulnerability will be study, analyzing the legal liberalism and its consequences to the field. To reach this aim the solutions provided by the Classic Conflicts of Law Theory to the international consumer’s protection will be discussed, based on conflict rules and public order exception. In addiction, the double function of party autonomy is study, analyzing its positive and negative aspects in the international consumer’s relation. In the second part, the solutions to overcome the vulnerability are concerned, also analyzing the information´ rule, considering the language problem in the international relations. The paper attempt to find the best ways to find criteria that benefit the consumers, through alternative connections and imperative rules. As conclusion, a suggestion to a Brazilian rule of law to protect consumers internationally is built.

As relações de consumo, da mesma forma como relações privadas em geral, têm assumido caráter internacional. O crescente fenômeno acarreta, contudo, o incremento de vulnerabilidade do consumidor, a qual, em nível nacional, já exige que o direito restabeleça o desequilíbrio intrínseco à relação de consumo. Em nível internacional, assim, esses desafios aumentam, especialmente porque as normas conflituais clássicas foram construídas a partir da sociedade liberal moderna, que buscava basicamente a manutenção da igualdade formal entre os indivíduos, sem preocupações de cunho material. No Direito Internacional Privado Brasileiro essa situação se repete. Busca o presente trabalho, portanto, construir propostas para o Direito Internacional Privado Brasileiro de defesa do consumidor. Na primeira parte do trabalho, então, são analisadas as causas da vulnerabilidade na relação internacional de consumo, constatando-se estar no liberalismo jurídico e suas conseqüências na disciplina, bem como o duplo papel do princípio da autonomia da vontade. Por um lado, a autonomia permite o reconhecimento do indivíduo no plano internacional, mas por outro demonstra a insuficiência do modelo conflitual clássico. Diante da crise do modelo liberal moderno, discutem-se, na segunda parte do trabalho, os remédios para superar a vulnerabilidade na relação internacional de consumo. Analisa-se a informação enquanto forma de mitigar a vulnerabilidade do consumidor. Abordam-se, ainda, as formas de se encontrar a lei mais favorável ao consumidor. Nas conclusões, enfim, constrói-se uma sugestão de redação para a lei brasileira de proteção internacional do consumidor. / Consumers’ relations are becoming international, as private relations in general. This change brings, however, more difficulties to consumers’ protection, which is already hard in every kind of consumer’s relations. In international terms the difficulties increase, specially because the Classic Conflicts of Law Theory were built on the modern liberal society, whose basic aim was to maintain the formal equality between individuals, without any material concerns. In Brazilian Private International Law this situation is confirmed. Therefore, this present paper intend to find solutions to overcome the problems, based on the analysis of the vulnerability causes of the international consumer’s relations, providing proposals to the Brazilian Private International Law. At the first part, the causes of the international consumer’s relations vulnerability will be study, analyzing the legal liberalism and its consequences to the field. To reach this aim the solutions provided by the Classic Conflicts of Law Theory to the international consumer’s protection will be discussed, based on conflict rules and public order exception. In addiction, the double function of party autonomy is study, analyzing its positive and negative aspects in the international consumer’s relation. In the second part, the solutions to overcome the vulnerability are concerned, also analyzing the information´ rule, considering the language problem in the international relations. The paper attempt to find the best ways to find criteria that benefit the consumers, through alternative connections and imperative rules. As conclusion, a suggestion to a Brazilian rule of law to protect consumers internationally is built.

As relações de consumo, da mesma forma como relações privadas em geral, têm assumido caráter internacional. O crescente fenômeno acarreta, contudo, o incremento de vulnerabilidade do consumidor, a qual, em nível nacional, já exige que o direito restabeleça o desequilíbrio intrínseco à relação de consumo. Em nível internacional, assim, esses desafios aumentam, especialmente porque as normas conflituais clássicas foram construídas a partir da sociedade liberal moderna, que buscava basicamente a manutenção da igualdade formal entre os indivíduos, sem preocupações de cunho material. No Direito Internacional Privado Brasileiro essa situação se repete. Busca o presente trabalho, portanto, construir propostas para o Direito Internacional Privado Brasileiro de defesa do consumidor. Na primeira parte do trabalho, então, são analisadas as causas da vulnerabilidade na relação internacional de consumo, constatando-se estar no liberalismo jurídico e suas conseqüências na disciplina, bem como o duplo papel do princípio da autonomia da vontade. Por um lado, a autonomia permite o reconhecimento do indivíduo no plano internacional, mas por outro demonstra a insuficiência do modelo conflitual clássico. Diante da crise do modelo liberal moderno, discutem-se, na segunda parte do trabalho, os remédios para superar a vulnerabilidade na relação internacional de consumo. Analisa-se a informação enquanto forma de mitigar a vulnerabilidade do consumidor. Abordam-se, ainda, as formas de se encontrar a lei mais favorável ao consumidor. Nas conclusões, enfim, constrói-se uma sugestão de redação para a lei brasileira de proteção internacional do consumidor. / Consumers’ relations are becoming international, as private relations in general. This change brings, however, more difficulties to consumers’ protection, which is already hard in every kind of consumer’s relations. In international terms the difficulties increase, specially because the Classic Conflicts of Law Theory were built on the modern liberal society, whose basic aim was to maintain the formal equality between individuals, without any material concerns. In Brazilian Private International Law this situation is confirmed. Therefore, this present paper intend to find solutions to overcome the problems, based on the analysis of the vulnerability causes of the international consumer’s relations, providing proposals to the Brazilian Private International Law. At the first part, the causes of the international consumer’s relations vulnerability will be study, analyzing the legal liberalism and its consequences to the field. To reach this aim the solutions provided by the Classic Conflicts of Law Theory to the international consumer’s protection will be discussed, based on conflict rules and public order exception. In addiction, the double function of party autonomy is study, analyzing its positive and negative aspects in the international consumer’s relation. In the second part, the solutions to overcome the vulnerability are concerned, also analyzing the information´ rule, considering the language problem in the international relations. The paper attempt to find the best ways to find criteria that benefit the consumers, through alternative connections and imperative rules. As conclusion, a suggestion to a Brazilian rule of law to protect consumers internationally is built.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T17:18:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 30 / Nenhuma / O objetivo do presente trabalho é a análise jurídica da proteção de dados pessoais nos arquivos de consumo como forma de concretização do direito à privacidade. O direito à privacidade evoluiu juntamente com a mudança histórica de um Estado Liberal para um Estado Social. Sua compreensão, que partiu de um enfoque negativo, o direito de estar só, agregou um enfoque positivo, que compreende a exigência de ações concretas para sua efetividade. Em razão do impacto informático, esse duplo aspecto está relacionado, de um lado, com o resguardo dos dados e, de outro, pelo direito de acesso, retificação e de esquecimento. A partir desse contexto, se estabelece a necessidade de proteção de dados pessoais para afirmar o livre desenvolvimento da personalidade, principalmente após o deslocamento da pessoa para o centro das relações jurídicas. O trabalho se norteia pela aplicação dos valores positivados na Constituição, fundada no princípio da dignidade humana, que irradia seus efeitos em todo o ordenamento jurídico, o que / This study aims to legally analyze the protection of personal data in consumer files as a way to render privacy law. The right to privacy evolved with the historic change from a liberal State to a social State. Its comprehension, which began with a negative focus, the right to be alone, has gained a positive focus, which comprises the requirement for concrete action to be effective. As a result of the impact of information technology, this double aspect is characterized on the one side by the right to keep data, and on the other by the right to access, rectification and elimination. From this context the need has been established for the protection of personal data to affirm the free development of the personality, mainly after the shifting of the person to the core of legal relations. This work is guided by the application of positive values in the Constitution, based on the principle of human dignity, which irradiates its effects throughout the legal order, which is reflected in the alteration of private le