No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No / The aim of ACR 2005 has been articulated by the organisers as the promotion and dissemination of consumer research `for¿ consumers. This call asks for transformative consumer research raising the issue that `Historically, the organization¿s research has been impelled by the theoretical and substantive interests of academics¿. It is on this point that this paper acts to transform arguing that a transformative ethic should be enacted though consumer research praxis. To achieve this it presents worked examples of the practice of reflexivity in consumer research developing a taxonomy of `possible reflexivities¿, and discusses their possibilities for transformation of the consumer research process.

The purpose of this study was to compare levels of perceived risk between apparel retail buyers and customers to make a purchase decision of women's pantsuit within product specific criteria. The comparison of product risk was identified as product category risk (PCR), product specific risk (PSR), and acceptable risk to want to buy (AR), acceptable risk to need more information (ARI). In this study, the second stage of decision making process, information search and alternative evaluation, was focused on. Structured-in-Person interview is used for retailers, and shopping mall survey was used for customers. T -test was used to compare peR, PSR, AR and ARI upon decision making tasks with twenty four hypothetical situations. Manaova was used for analyzing the influence of decision factors: (a) four designs; (b) six information. There were no difference with: (a) PSR, (b) ARI, (c) the interaction effect of PSR with decision, (d) the interaction effect of brand, (e) the importance of decision criteria, and (f) the choice of best design and best information card. There were difference with: (a) PCR, (b) AR, (c) decision frequency, (d) the interaction effect of PSR with design and information card, (e) the information source, (f) the choice of best item, and (g) the decision rule. / Master of Science

Lam Wang. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 119-126). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / ABSTRACT (ENGLISH) --- p.i / ABSTRACT (CHINESE) --- p.iv / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.v / LIST OF TABLES --- p.vii / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.ix / Chapter CHAPTER ONE --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Background --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Research Objectives --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3 --- Significant --- p.5 / Chapter 1.4 --- Outline --- p.6 / Chapter CHAPTER TWO --- BACKGROUND AND LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1 --- Literature from Psychology --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- The conceptual issues of feminism --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- The measurement issues of feminism --- p.10 / Chapter 2.2 --- Literature from Marketing --- p.15 / Chapter 2.3 --- The Changing Roles of Women in China --- p.19 / Chapter CHAPTER THREE --- CONCEPTUALIZING FEMALE ROLE ORIENTATTION --- p.23 / Chapter 3.1 --- Defining Female Role Orientation --- p.23 / Chapter 3.2 --- The Components of the Female Role Orientation --- p.24 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Wifehood orientation --- p.26 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Motherhood orientation --- p.27 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Career orientation --- p.28 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Society orientation --- p.29 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- Appearance orientation --- p.29 / Chapter 3.2.6 --- Love orientation --- p.31 / Chapter CHAPTER FOUR --- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY --- p.33 / Chapter 4.1 --- Overview --- p.33 / Chapter 4.2 --- Study 1: Item Generation and Refinement --- p.35 / Chapter 4.3 --- Study 2: Instrument Pretests --- p.36 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Pretest 1: Item reduction and reliability testing --- p.36 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Pretest 2: Further refinement for scale items --- p.37 / Chapter 4.4 --- Study 3: Reliability and Validity Assessment --- p.41 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Sample and data collection --- p.41 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Dimensionality assessment --- p.43 / Chapter 4.4.3 --- Item analysis and reliability assessment --- p.51 / Chapter 4.4.4 --- Validity assessment --- p.51 / Chapter 4.4.4.1 --- Convergent validity --- p.51 / Chapter 4.4.4.2 --- Discriminant validity --- p.55 / Chapter 4.4.4.3 --- Nomological validity --- p.57 / Chapter 4.5 --- Sutdy 4: Assessment of Scale Generalizability --- p.65 / Chapter 4.5.1 --- Sample and data collection --- p.65 / Chapter 4.5.2 --- Factor structure comparison --- p.70 / Chapter 4.5.3 --- Comparison of reliability and validity across samples --- p.77 / Chapter 4.5.3.1 --- Scale reliability --- p.77 / Chapter 4.5.3.2 --- Convergent validity --- p.78 / Chapter 4.5.3.3 --- Discriminant validity --- p.83 / Chapter 4.5.3.4 --- Nomological validity --- p.85 / Chapter 4.6 --- Additional Analysis --- p.91 / Chapter 4.6.1 --- Comparing Arnott's Feminism Scale with FRO in Four Cities of PRC --- p.91 / Chapter CHAPTER FIVE --- RESULT AND DISCUSSION --- p.104 / Chapter 5.1 --- Discussion of Findings --- p.104 / Chapter 5.2 --- Contributions --- p.106 / Chapter 5.3 --- Limitations and Directions for Future Research --- p.111 / APPENDICES / Chapter APPENDIX I. --- QUESTIONAIRE --- p.113 / Chapter APPENDIX II. --- FRO SCALE ITEMS (AFTER REFINEMENT) --- p.117 / Chapter APPENDIX III. --- CHINESE VERSION OF ARNOTT'S FEMINISM SCALE --- p.118 / REFERRENCES --- p.119

The study assessed the possible significance of Green Consumerism in South Africa. Different meanings of "green" are explained. Consumer preferences for some green products was examined. An analysis of the attitudes and actions of South African consumers to green products and services was completed in two suburbs, of Pietermaritzburg, as a case study. Though there was a significant difference in total household income between shoppers in the two suburbs there was no significant difference between their respective green expenditure. Consumers generally preferred cheaper conventional products to more expensive green products. Consumers considered price as the most important factor when making purchasing choices and the higher the price differential, the more likely consumers are to select cheaper conventional products rather than green alternatives. Public education, government intervention in the form of lower taxes or subsidies for green products and encouragement of green movements are required if Green Consumerism is to become a meaningful alternative in South Africa. / Thesis (M.Env.Dev.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 1997.

Thesis (M.B.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references.