SOCIAL STRATIFICATION AND CONSUMPTION PROFILES OF ANKARA: A CASE STUDY IN ANKARA RESIDENTIAL AREAS This dissertation attempts to develop a social stratification model considering its spatial dimension for the households in the city of Ankara. The spatiality of social class has rarely been in the agenda of scholars and has not been explored empirically. For this reason, the study aims to test the hypothesis that social segregation in Turkish cities is empirically measurable and manifests itself in the common patterns of behaviours and similar conditioning of existence in the urban space. The focus of attention of the thesis is based on the relationship between the material inequalities of different social strata within its territorial context. If a class becomes a social reality, this must be shown in the formation of common patterns of behaviour and attitude, and manifests itself in urban space. In short the scope of the study is a twofold: Thesis questions are: (1) how and upon what basis social groups and strata can be located in the economic and socio-cultural structure of the society. This part of the study deals with the objective &amp / #8216 / &amp / #8217 / set&amp / #8217 / &amp / #8217 / of criteria / thesis question (2) whether the same coherency can be coincided in the space. This part deals with the analysis of the spatial dimension of social &amp / #8216 / &amp / #8217 / class&amp / #8217 / &amp / #8217 / which means segregation. Thesis findings provide sufficient evidence that the differences stemmed from the material possessions and consumption patterns of the urban households cannot be understood by employing the conventional instruments as such rural/urban, traditional/modern as the division of axes. New conceptualisation urgently is needed and consumption studies offer prospective and highly potential issue.

Frågeställningar: Hur påverkas konsumtionen av digitala nyheter av individuella preferenser och ålder? Hur påverkas inställningen till digitala nyheter på olika utlämningsformer av individers preferenser och ålder? Syfte: Studiens syfte är att beskriva konsumtionen av digitala nyheter i olika åldersgrupper och att analysera konsumenters individuella preferenser gällande detta. Vidare är syftet att analysera de faktorer som påverkar konsumtionen av digitala nyheter. Ett delsyfte är även att beskriva och analysera olika åldersgruppers preferenser och inställning gällande olika utlämningsformer för digitala nyheter. Det slutliga syftet är att tillhandahålla rekommendationer till digitala nyhetsbyråer som de kan använda sig av för att tillmötesgå individers preferenser vid konsumtion av digitala nyheter. Metod: Studien har genomförts med en en induktiv ansats och en kvalitativ forskningsstrategi. Primärdata samlades genom intervjuer och fokusgrupper. Resultat och slutsatser: Utifrån studiens resultat drar vi slutsatsen att konsumtionen av digitala nyheter påverkas i större grad av individuella preferenser än ålder. Vidare identifierades påverkansfaktorer, där intresse påvisades vara en av de viktigaste. Respondenterna uppvisade en positiv inställning till mobila nyhetsapplikationer och sociala medier som utlämningsformer för digitala nyheter. Teoretiskt och praktiskt bidrag: Studien bidrar med åtta faktorer som påverkar konsumtionsmönstret av digitala nyheter. Vidare bidrar studien med en klargörelse av individuella preferenser gällande utlämningsformer för digitala nyheter. Studiens resultat kan sedan ligga till grund för hur digitala nyhetsbyråer kan tillmötesgå konsumenters preferenser.  Nyckelord: Konsumentbeteende, konsumtionsmönster, individuella preferenser, ålder, digitala nyheter / Research question: How is the consumption of digital news affected by individual preferences and age? How is the attitude towards digital news on different digital channels affected by individual preferences and age? Purpose: The purpose of the study is to describe the consumption of digital news in different age groups and to analyse consumers’ individual preferences regarding this. The purpose is furthermore to analyse factors influencing the consumption of digital news. It is also to describe and analyse different age groups preferences and attitudes towards news on different digital channels. The final purpose of the study is to provide digital news agencies with recommendations that they can use to meet individual preferences regarding the consumption of digital news. Method: The study is based on an inductive approach and a qualitative research method. The data has been collected through interviews and focus groups. Results and conclusions: Based on the study’s results we conclude that the consumption of digital news is affected to a greater extent by individual preferences than age. Furthermore factors that affect the consumption of news were identified, where interest was shown to be one of the most important factors. The respondents showed positive attitudes towards mobile news applications and social media as digital channels for news. Theoretical and practical contribution: The study contributes eight factors that affect the consumption of digital news. Furthermore the study clarifies different age groups attitudes towards news on different digital channels. The study’s results could form the basis for how digital news agencies can accommodate consumer preferences. Keywords: Consumer behaviour, Consumption pattern, individual preference, age, digital news

District heating (DH) is considered to be an efficient, environmentally friendly and cost-effective method for providing heat to buildings, since electricity is usually co-generated in biomass fuelled combined heat and power (CHP) plants. This gives it an important role in the mitigation of climate change. Swedish district heating companies are currently facing multiple challenges, and are in urgent need of new price models to increase transparency and maintain their competitiveness. This thesis describes a survey carried out to understand the structure of the present price models and subsequently proposes and compares two restructured price models with the most commonly used price model. This work also investigates the impact of restructured price models on users who would encounter a significant cost increase if the restructured price models were to be introduced. The district heating costs of different price models are compared with three alternative technical solutions. The results show that price models based on the consumption pattern of users can reflect district heating companies’ cost structure. Meanwhile, adopting a pricing strategy based on users’ consumption patterns increased the incentives to reduce the peak load. Consequently, users with high load factor (flat consecutive load curve) were able to reduce costs whereas users with low load factor (steep consecutive load curve) faced possible cost increases, when the load demand cost was changed to daily or hourly peak demand based methods. Further, the most economically preferable option for the invested district heating user was to combine district heating with direct electrical heating or with a ground source heat pump. / Fjärrvärme anses som ett effektivt, miljövänligt och kostnadseffektivt sätt för att leverera värme eftersom kraftvärme blir vanligare i fjärrvärmesystem, där elektricitet produceras tillsammans med värme. Den spelar en viktig roll i att begränsa klimatförändringen. Svenska fjärrvärme företag står inför flera utmaningar nu för tiden, och är i akut behov av nya prismodeller för att öka öppenheten och behålla konkurrenskraften. I denna avhandling, genomfördes en undersökning för att ta reda på strukturen av de nuvarande prismodellerna. Därefter föreslogs två omstrukturerade prismodeller, vars påverkan på kostnaden av fjärrvärme konsument analyserades jämför med den nuvarande modellen. Detta arbete undersökte också effekten av omstrukturerade prismodeller på konsument som skulle drabbas på signifikant kostnadsökning i samband med införande prismodeller. Kostnaden av fjärrvärme under olika prismodeller har också jämförts med tre olika tekniska lösningar. Resultatet visade att prismodeller som baserar sig på konsuments förbrukningsprofil kunde återspegla fjärrvärme företagens kostnadsstruktur; Samtidigt medförde prissättningsstrategi baserad på användarens förbrukningsprofil högre incitament för att minska spetseffekt. Följaktligen kommer att konsumenter med stabila konsumtionsprofiler att spara kostnader, medan konsumenter med spetsiga konsumtionsprofiler kommer att drabbas av kostnadsökning. Och för den investerade fjärrvärme konsument, den ekonomiska bättre val var att kombinera fjärrvärme med elpanna eller bergvärmepump.

Submitted by Fabielle Cheuczuk (fabielle.cheuczuk@unioeste.br) on 2018-05-07T17:52:04Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação Bruna R. Thomé.pdf: 2032184 bytes, checksum: d442ce6dd97e3297cc725e1cda0ec8d9 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-07T17:52:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação Bruna R. Thomé.pdf: 2032184 bytes, checksum: d442ce6dd97e3297cc725e1cda0ec8d9 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-11 / Food consumption patterns have changed according to concerns regarding environmental sustainability, regional development, nutritional aspects and, mainly, health issues. The results on changing this habit involve demand growth and the need for food that, besides nourishing the organism, can also offer other healthy qualities. Therefore, meat products have become the objects of many scientific studies, which, mainly, concern their nutritional composition. The usage of replacements for fat, such as the green banana biomass (GBB), is an alternative that can be sought in order to create this appeal for the consumers. The GBB is a kind of food that can be added to several formulations without altering their original taste. It also has many nutritional advantages, like the presence of fiber and resistant starch in it. However, there are not studies that use the GBB in cooked pork sausage. Because of this, this study aims to make cooked and smoked pork sausage with added green bananas biomass and to reduce its sodium and fat levels. For this purpose, three formulations were developed: Control and Treatment (TC), without adding the green bananas biomass and without reducing the sodium and fat levels; Treatment 1 (T1), by adding 2,17% of GBB and reducing the sodium and fat levels in 15%; and Treatment 2 (T2), with added 3,12% GBB and a reduction of 20% on sodium level and 30% on fat levels. Physicochemical, microbial and sensory analysis have been carried out in three different times: one day after processing (t0), seven days after processing (t7) and twenty-one days after processing (t21), and these analyses aimed to check possible alterations, over time during storage, under refrigeration. We concluded, through the obtained results, that the developed product, with added GBB and reduction on its sodium and fat levels, was in accordance to the current physicochemical and microbial regulation standards, during the storage time. As for the sensory analysis, excepting the scent aspect, we concluded that all other aspects did not present statistical differences. The T2 treatment was the most indicated one among the evaluated aspects. / Os padrões de consumo de alimentos têm experimentado mudanças em função das preocupações sobre sustentabilidade ambiental, desenvolvimento regional, aspectos nutricionais e, sobretudo, questões relacionadas à saúde. O resultado desta mudança de hábito consiste no crescimento da demanda e necessidade por alimentos, que além de nutrir o organismo ofereçam também características benéficas à saúde. Neste sentido, os produtos derivados de carnes tornaram-se objetos constantes de estudos científicos, principalmente na busca de estratégias e formulações que os tornem saudáveis em relação à sua composição nutricional. O emprego de substitutos de gordura, como a biomassa de banana verde (BBV), é uma das alternativas que pode ser buscada para conseguir este apelo diante dos consumidores. A BBV é um alimento que pode ser incorporado em diversas formulações sem alterar o sabor original, apresenta muitas vantagens nutricionais, principalmente pela presença de fibras e amido resistente. No entanto, há a ausência de estudos utilizando a BBV em linguiça suína cozida. Diante desse fato, objetivou-se neste trabalho, desenvolver uma linguiça suína, cozida e defumada com adição de biomassa de banana verde e redução dos teores de sódio e gordura, além de verificar a preferência e a intenção de compra da linguiça. Para tanto, foram desenvolvidas três formulações, sendo Tratamento Controle (TC), sem adição de biomassa de banana verde, sem redução nos teores de sódio e gordura; Tratamento 1 (T1), com adição de 2,17% de BBV e redução de 15% nos teores de sódio e gordura e Tratamento 2 (T2), correspondeu à formulação com adição de 3,12 % de BBV e redução de 20% no teor de sódio e 30% no teor de gordura. Foram realizadas análises físico-químicas, microbiológicas e sensorial, em três tempos distintos, um dia após o processamento (t0), sete dias após o processamento (t7) e vinte e um dias após o processamento (t21), a fim de verificar possíveis alterações, ao longo do tempo de estocagem, sob refrigeração. Com os resultados obtidos, podese concluir que o produto desenvolvido com a adição de BBV e as reduções dos teores de sódio e gordura estavam de acordo com os padrões físico-químicos e microbiológicos estabelecidos pela legislação vigente, durante o período de estocagem. Em relação à análise sensorial, com exceção do atributo aroma, todos os demais atributos não apresentaram diferença estatística. O tratamento T2 apresentou maior preferência e intenção de compra entre os tratamentos avaliados.

A economia brasileira passa por um momento positivo em sua história, devido principalmente a fatores gerados pela estabilidade econômica advinda com o Plano Real. O conjunto de dados apresentados neste trabalho evidencia uma melhora das condições socioeconômicas de grande parte da população, o que levou a um aumento da renda dos indivíduos e um fortalecimento do poder de consumo dos brasileiros. Nesse contexto, esta tese teve como objetivo a busca de evidências que indicassem uma mudança e possível sofisticação do padrão de consumo dos domicílios brasileiros. Além disso, procurou-se verificar em quais níveis socioeconômicos e em quais regiões as mudanças do padrão de consumo foram mais significativas. Os dados utilizados neste trabalho derivam de um painel de consumidores (Homescan) e foram analisadas informações de dez categorias de produtos de consumo doméstico para os anos de 2007, 2008 e 2009, considerando-se as áreas geográficas auditadas pela Nielsen e os níveis socioeconômicos dos domicílios. Nas análises dos dados, utilizaram-se modelos de equações de estimação generalizadas (EEG), além de análises estatísticas descritivas para avaliar a evolução das variáveis não-contempladas nesses modelos. Além disso, utilizaram-se dados de outra pesquisa (Retail Index) para complementar os resultados obtidos com o painel de consumidores. Os resultados das análises realizadas indicam uma mudança do padrão de consumo, primordialmente, nos domicílios de nível socioeconômico médio (classe C) e baixo (classes D e E) no período analisado. Quanto às áreas geográficas pesquisadas, os destaques foram o Nordeste, o grande Rio de Janeiro e a região Sul. Levando-se em consideração que as categorias analisadas são produtos mais elaborados e de maior valor agregado, o aumento do consumo da grande maioria das categorias nesses níveis socioeconômicos evidencia uma sofisticação do consumo desses domicílios. Esse ambiente de sofisticação dos padrões de consumo, principalmente das classes de renda média e baixa, exigirá das empresas que atuam no mercado de bens e serviços novas estratégias para atender as demandas de consumidores mais conscientes e exigentes. Assim, o grande desafio dessas empresas será decifrar o caminho da expansão e diversificação da cesta de compra desses consumidores. / The Brazilian economy is currently going through a positive time in its history, mainly as a result of factors generated by the economic stability conferred by the Plano Real financial plan. The data presented in this work shows an improvement in the socioeconomic conditions of the vast majority of the population, which has led to an increase in income for individuals, and a strengthening of the consumer power of Brazilians. In this context, this thesis looks for evidence that indicates a change and possible sophistication of consumer patterns in Brazilian households. It also seeks to determine the socioeconomic levels, and the regions in which the changes in consumer patterns are most significant. The data used in this work are derived from a panel of consumers (Homescan), and information from ten categories of domestic consumer goods were analyzed for the years 2007, 2008 and 2009, considering the geographic areas audited by Nielsen and the socioeconomic levels of the households. In the data analyses, generalized estimating equation (GEE) models are used, as well as descriptive statistical analyses, to evaluate the evolution of variables not included in these models. Data are also used from another survey (Retail Index), to complement the results obtained with the panel of consumers. The results of the analyses indicate a change in consumer patterns, particularly in households belonging to the middle (class C) and low (classes D and E) socioeconomic classes, for the period analyzed. In terms of geographical areas researched, the areas highlighted were the Northeast, the greater Rio de Janeiro and the South region. Taking into consideration that the categories analyzed consist of more elaborate products, with higher added value, the increased consumption for the majority of categories at these socioeconomic levels shows that consumption in these households has become more sophisticated. This environment of increasing sophistication of consumer patterns, particularly among the middle and low income classes, will require companies in the goods and services market to implement strategies to meet the requirements of these more aware and demanding consumers. Therefore, the greatest challenge for these companies is to seize the expansion and diversification path of the shopping basket for these consumers.

Achieving sustainable consumption of energy is an important issue due to the increasing demand for energy and its environmental impact. One of the biggest consumers of the global energy production is the residential sector. Factors determining pattern of energy consumption in this sector are firstly, characteristics of the buildings and equipment and appliances which are used inside them and secondly, people who are using the buildings. The former could be approached by using efficiency strategies; i.e. designing and using materials and utilities which are low energy demanding or reducing consumption of energy. The latter could be reached by adoption of demand side management strategies which could improve pattern of energy consumption by the end users. Combining these strategies bring out energy-smart buildings with energy-smart people as the users. This project aims at introducing potential approaches to strategies of promoting sustainable behavior regarding energy consumption in individuals, with the focus on the students of Linköping University living in the properties of housing company of the city, Studentbostäder. For fulfilling this purpose, literature review has been done for finding influencing factors on and strategies for shaping of pro-environmental behavior. In the next step, two projects with focus on demand side management for changing energy consumption of individuals have been studied. Afterward, a questionnaire based on the results of the literature review was prepared and used to gain an understanding of first: attitude, values, knowledge, and awareness of students of Linköping University regarding environmental issues, and second: point of view of the students toward the strategies for shaping pro-environmental behavior. Results of the above mentioned methods were used for identifying characteristics of a demand side management project based on provision of feedback on energy consumption for the users. It has been proposed that designing and implementing such project has the potential of affecting pattern of energy consumption by people and lead to its reduction, especially among students accommodating at housing company of city of Linköping, Studentbostäder. More studies are needed for finding feasibility of implementing such project.

The purpose of this research is to understand and describe the causes affecting the financial institutions’ implementation of reverse mortgage in Sweden as well as the consequences of a large scale implementation, shedding some new light upon the issue of reverse mortgages. This was done from a financial institution point of view. As existent literature in this field of research is currently small in extent, especially in a Swedish context where almost no academic literature has been written, it serves as an exploratory research. From a researcher’s point of view it could hopefully give interesting insights on how new financial products are implemented in general, shedding some light on possible difficulties that may arise during these processes. The research was designed using a qualitative research method. In order to investigate the issues presented several individuals were interviewed from different financial institutions offering various kinds of reverse mortgages in Sweden. Interviews were semi-structured and only the six financial institutions that offer reverse mortgage in Sweden were included. The findings made, as well as the interview questions, were divided into several different sections adopted from the theoretical framework so as make the research more comprehensible and stringent. Because the research design is of exploratory nature it evolved over time, as the authors did not know initially what they would find. The findings provided many interesting insights that were not thought of before. Three major themes were found that could help explain the causes affecting the financial institutions’ implementation of reverse mortgage in Sweden as well as the consequences of a large scale implementation. These themes were age, generation, mentality, macro economical factors, and financial institutions offering reverse mortgage.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-07-15T13:31:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 glauciaposasdamotta.pdf: 1127197 bytes, checksum: 4839d7d88ea8408f7ff1e8c962c5e174 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Diamantino Mayra (mayra.diamantino@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-19T15:53:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 glauciaposasdamotta.pdf: 1127197 bytes, checksum: 4839d7d88ea8408f7ff1e8c962c5e174 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-19T15:53:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 glauciaposasdamotta.pdf: 1127197 bytes, checksum: 4839d7d88ea8408f7ff1e8c962c5e174 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-12-14 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A população brasileira vem sofrendo, nas últimas décadas, transições decorrentes de mudanças nos níveis de mortalidade e fecundidade, o que pode ser atribuído a melhorias nas condições de vida, devido a avanços econômicos, ambientais, assim como na saúde pública e medicina. Uma das implicações desse processo é o aumento da expectativa de vida, que reflete diretamente no padrão de consumo dos indivíduos. Neste contexto, a presente dissertação teve por objetivo principal analisar o impacto de alterações nas preferências das famílias em direção a bens e serviços de saúde, e consequentemente, do consumo desses bens e serviços sobre a produção setorial, indicadores macroeconômicos, como PIB, Emprego, Saldo Comercial Externo, Investimento e Bem Estar, diante desse novo cenário de transição demográfica. Para tanto, utilizou-se um modelo de Equilíbrio Geral Computável, calibrado com dados da Matriz Insumo-Produto para o Brasil e das Contas Nacionais em Saúde, relativos ao ano de 2005. Destacam-se os seguintes resultados: i) para sustentar o aumento do consumo de bens saúde, o PIB deve ser mais elevado em relação ao cenário base; ii) para consumir mais saúde os agentes reduziriam o consumo de todos os outros tipos de produtos; e iii) a análise de bem estar para a saúde mostra que mudanças das preferências e dos preços em direção a esses bens implicam em uma elevação na renda para compensar o consumidor pelas variações de preços, ou seja, ele precisará de uma renda mais elevada para consumir mais saúde. / The Brazilian population has suffered in recent decades transitions arising from changes in levels of mortality and fertility, which can be attributed to improvements in living conditions, due to advances in economic, environmental, and public health and medicine. One implication of this process is the increase in life expectancy, which directly reflects the consumption pattern of individuals. In this context, the present work was aimed at analyzing the impact of changes in household preferences toward goods and health services, and consequently the consumption of these goods and services on the production sector, macroeconomic indicators such as GDP, employment, Trade Balance, Investment and Welfare, before this new scenario of demographic transition. For this purpose we used a Computable General Equilibrium Model, calibrated with data from the Input-Output Matrix for Brazil and the National Health Accounts, for the year 2005. We highlight the following results: i) to support the increased consumption of healthgoods, GDP should be higher compared to the baseline scenario, ii) to consume more health, agents reduce the consumption of all other types of products; and iii) the analysis of well-being to health shows that changes in prices and preferences toward these assets imply a rise in income to compensate the consumer for price changes, i.e.. it needs a higher income for consume more health.

Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) continues to be a major health problem in developing countries. In South Africa, in 1999, one out of three children under the age of six years in the country had poor/ marginal vitamin A status. Limpopo Province was one of the provinces that most seriously affected by VAD. The study aim was to explore and describe the consumption patterns of vitamin A-rich foods of 10-13 year old children living in a rural area in Venda, and consequently making recommendations on nutrition education in this regard. A survey was conducted in Vyeboom Village in Limpopo Province, at Makhado local municipality in the Vhembe District. About 155 school children aged 10-13 years (boys and girls) participated in this study, using convenience, random and stratified sampling to draw the sample from three primary schools (Avhatondwi, Tshirunzanani and Thomas Ntshavheni). Data was collected during winter of 2006 using a socio-demographic questionnaire, the 24-hour recall and non-quantitative food-frequency questionnaires. The data was divided into four subsections regarding the 10-13 year old children that participated in this study, namely: the demographic information, food habits, food consumption patterns, and foods consumed rich in vitamin A. The SAS statistical analysis (version 8.2) software was used to analyze the data from the questionnaire by means of descriptive statistics (percentages, frequencies, means and summary of the tables). Inferential statistics (two way tables and chi-square tests) were used to test the associations between two categorical variables. Mothers were the caretakers in the families, because she mostly played a major role in the decision-making, preparation and serving of the food that were consumed by these children. Social cultural factors influenced the children’s food intake, because some of these foods were especially low in vitamin A and high in sugar content (e.g. sweets), compared to those foods that children were forbidden to eat (e.g. liver) which were high in vitamin A and other nutrients. The foods that children were mostly forced to eat (dark green leafy vegetables) were very nutritious and given in order to prevent hunger and wastage (left-over in the morning). The general meal pattern of these children was three meals a day with two, one or no snacks in between meals. The mostly consumed foods during these meals were bread, tea, stiff and soft maize meal porridge, dark green leafy vegetables and meat (chicken). Dark green leafy vegetables played an important role in supplying beta-carotene to these children, while the intake of retinol-rich foods was poor because they are expensive and labeled as highly allergenic, whilst other foods were forbidden. Intake of fortified foods was very high because porridge was the staple food and commonly consumed during lunch and supper. The results provided insight regarding the food habits, consumption patterns and the intake of vitamin A rich foods and were used to substantiate recommendations aimed at the improvement of the intake vitamin A rich foods among the children. / Dissertation (MConsSci (General))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Consumer Science / unrestricted

A economia brasileira passa por um momento positivo em sua história, devido principalmente a fatores gerados pela estabilidade econômica advinda com o Plano Real. O conjunto de dados apresentados neste trabalho evidencia uma melhora das condições socioeconômicas de grande parte da população, o que levou a um aumento da renda dos indivíduos e um fortalecimento do poder de consumo dos brasileiros. Nesse contexto, esta tese teve como objetivo a busca de evidências que indicassem uma mudança e possível sofisticação do padrão de consumo dos domicílios brasileiros. Além disso, procurou-se verificar em quais níveis socioeconômicos e em quais regiões as mudanças do padrão de consumo foram mais significativas. Os dados utilizados neste trabalho derivam de um painel de consumidores (Homescan) e foram analisadas informações de dez categorias de produtos de consumo doméstico para os anos de 2007, 2008 e 2009, considerando-se as áreas geográficas auditadas pela Nielsen e os níveis socioeconômicos dos domicílios. Nas análises dos dados, utilizaram-se modelos de equações de estimação generalizadas (EEG), além de análises estatísticas descritivas para avaliar a evolução das variáveis não-contempladas nesses modelos. Além disso, utilizaram-se dados de outra pesquisa (Retail Index) para complementar os resultados obtidos com o painel de consumidores. Os resultados das análises realizadas indicam uma mudança do padrão de consumo, primordialmente, nos domicílios de nível socioeconômico médio (classe C) e baixo (classes D e E) no período analisado. Quanto às áreas geográficas pesquisadas, os destaques foram o Nordeste, o grande Rio de Janeiro e a região Sul. Levando-se em consideração que as categorias analisadas são produtos mais elaborados e de maior valor agregado, o aumento do consumo da grande maioria das categorias nesses níveis socioeconômicos evidencia uma sofisticação do consumo desses domicílios. Esse ambiente de sofisticação dos padrões de consumo, principalmente das classes de renda média e baixa, exigirá das empresas que atuam no mercado de bens e serviços novas estratégias para atender as demandas de consumidores mais conscientes e exigentes. Assim, o grande desafio dessas empresas será decifrar o caminho da expansão e diversificação da cesta de compra desses consumidores. / The Brazilian economy is currently going through a positive time in its history, mainly as a result of factors generated by the economic stability conferred by the Plano Real financial plan. The data presented in this work shows an improvement in the socioeconomic conditions of the vast majority of the population, which has led to an increase in income for individuals, and a strengthening of the consumer power of Brazilians. In this context, this thesis looks for evidence that indicates a change and possible sophistication of consumer patterns in Brazilian households. It also seeks to determine the socioeconomic levels, and the regions in which the changes in consumer patterns are most significant. The data used in this work are derived from a panel of consumers (Homescan), and information from ten categories of domestic consumer goods were analyzed for the years 2007, 2008 and 2009, considering the geographic areas audited by Nielsen and the socioeconomic levels of the households. In the data analyses, generalized estimating equation (GEE) models are used, as well as descriptive statistical analyses, to evaluate the evolution of variables not included in these models. Data are also used from another survey (Retail Index), to complement the results obtained with the panel of consumers. The results of the analyses indicate a change in consumer patterns, particularly in households belonging to the middle (class C) and low (classes D and E) socioeconomic classes, for the period analyzed. In terms of geographical areas researched, the areas highlighted were the Northeast, the greater Rio de Janeiro and the South region. Taking into consideration that the categories analyzed consist of more elaborate products, with higher added value, the increased consumption for the majority of categories at these socioeconomic levels shows that consumption in these households has become more sophisticated. This environment of increasing sophistication of consumer patterns, particularly among the middle and low income classes, will require companies in the goods and services market to implement strategies to meet the requirements of these more aware and demanding consumers. Therefore, the greatest challenge for these companies is to seize the expansion and diversification path of the shopping basket for these consumers.