The main objective of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) is to advance and ensure better manufacturing efficiency, productivity, and flexibility through the smart use of emergent technologies to enable the development of digital tools to visualise crucial information regarding factory events, products, and processes. As these systems grow in complexity, more information will be necessary to learn how to use them, and thus, more expertise and knowledge will be required to handle them. This study was therefore conducted with the aim to investigate the affordances and limitations of incorporating knowledge management and knowledge visualisation into a downtime management tool at a manufacturing company. This study has gathered findings from users through user interviews and contextual inquiries to provide insights and experiences on the existing downtime management tool. Thereafter, a first iteration of a prototype was designed and evaluated through a heuristic evaluation to investigate the applicability of knowledge management and visualisation concepts in the tool. A second design iteration was then developed to be evaluated with 10 users. This study resulted in overall positive attitudes towards knowledge sharing and user ownership concerning the knowledge-enhanced downtime management tool. Therefore, there are affordances of utilising knowledge management and visualisation to increase knowledge sharing between peers, it can help them in making more informed decisions, and the tool can support both new and experienced users when categorising downtime issues. However, it is essential to take into consideration the time and effort to maintain such a system, and to investigate the long-term effects of incorporating such concepts into different I4.0 tools. / Huvudsyftet med Industri 4.0 (I4.0) är att främja och säkerställa bättre effektivitet, produktivitet och flexibilitet i produktion genom smart användning av ny teknik för att möjliggöra utveckling av digitala verktyg för att visualisera viktig information om händelser, produkter och processer i fabriken. I takt med att dessa system blir alltmer komplexa kommer det att krävas mer information för att lära sig att använda dem, och därmed kommer det att krävas mer expertis och kunskap för att hantera dem. Den här studien genomfördes därför i syfte att undersöka vilka möjligheter och begränsningar det finns att använda kunskapshantering och kunskapsvisualisering i ett verktyg för hantering av stilleståndstider på ett tillverkningsföretag. Denna studie har samlat in resultat från användare genom användarintervjuer och kontextuella undersökningar för att ge insikter och erfarenheter om det befintliga verktyget för hantering av stilleståndstider. Därefter utformades och utvärderades en första iteration av en prototyp genom en heuristisk utvärdering för att undersöka tillämpligheten av kunskapshantering och visualiseringskoncept i verktyget. Därefter utvecklades en andra design-iteration som utvärderades med 10 användare. Denna studie resulterade i övergripande positiva attityder till kunskapsdelning och användarnas ägarskap när det gäller det kunskapsförstärkta verktyget för hantering av stilleståndstider. Därför finns det möjligheter att använda kunskapshantering och visualisering för att öka kunskapsutbytet mellan kollegor, det kan hjälpa dem att ta mer välgrundade beslut, och verktyget kan stödja både nya och erfarna användare när de kategoriserar stilleståndsfrågor. Det är dock viktigt att ta hänsyn till den tid och de ansträngningar som krävs för att underhålla ett sådant system samt att undersöka de långsiktiga effekterna av att införliva sådana koncept i olika I4.0-verktyg.

Thesis (M. Ed. (Curriculum Studies)) -- University of Limpopo, 2021 / The purpose of the research was to explore challenges encountered by teachers when teaching fractions to learners in grade 2 at schools in the Koloti Circuit. A qualitative approach including other research techniques, such as observation, document analysis and interviews, were mutually employed to collect data during the study. A pluralistic approach was employed when gathering data to enhance triangulation and further intensify the merits of the probed facts. Purposive sampling was employed to choose three grade 2 teachers from various schools to serve as participants in this study. The following challenges were uncovered as a result of the research: learners are from child-headed families; there is a high rate of learner absenteeism; parents do not attend consultative meetings; there is a high rate of teacher time-offs; there is a lack of teacher pedagogical content knowledge in mathematics; teachers have to teach in multi-grade classroom; teachers lacking background knowledge on implementation of inclusive classrooms resulting in inadequate support to learners with learning barriers; classrooms are over-crowded; uneven partitioning of circular representations was discovered, and there is lack of content-related workshops. The following were some of the recommendations that were established to counteract the challenges uncovered during the research study, namely: establishment of after-care centres with qualified tutors; provision of state paid security services in schools; teachers should create learner support materials to aid in the teaching of fractions to the learners; teachers should notify parents when their children are absenting themselves from school on regular basis without valid reasons; teachers should notify parents about the benefits of attending consultative meetings; memorial services for teachers should be conducted after learner contact time, competent and/or qualified teachers in arithmetic should be assigned to educate the subject; small schools should be merged to curb multi-grate teaching at schools; more classrooms should be provided to avoid over-crowding in the classrooms, and more content workshops should be organised in order to assist teachers who experience challenges with the teaching of fractions. In conclusion, the outcomes of this study could aid grade 2 teachers in instilling knowledge of fractions into their learners, crafted on the suggested recommendations that are drawn subsequent the challenges facing teachers were singled out, in order to improve learner performance in fractions. This could result in better performance by learners in mathematics at various schools.

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