La mécanique des fluides numérique a permis d'optimiser de nombreux systèmes dont, notamment, les moteurs d'avions. Dans l'industrie aéronautique, les calculs numériques d'écoulements sont principalement limités à des approches stationnaires de par le coût prohibitif des simulations instationnaires. Néanmoins, les écoulements qui se développent dans les machines tournantes, à savoir les principaux composants d'un moteur d'avion, sont majoritairement périodiques en temps. En partant de cette hypothèse de périodicité temporelle, des approches dites spectrales en temps ont vus le jour il y a plus de quinze ans. Elles restent principalement limitées à des écoulements mono-fréquentiels, à savoir composés d'une seule fréquence de base et de ses harmoniques. Récemment, une méthode d'équilibrage harmonique multi-fréquentielle a été développée et implémentée dans le code de calcul elsA, élargissant le champ des applications possibles. En particulier, l'étude de l'aéroélasticité des machines tournantes multi-étagées devient alors envisageable.Cette thèse se propose d'appliquer la méthode d'équilibrage harmonique multi-fréquentielle pour étudier l'aéroélasticité d'une configuration nouvelle de moteur d'avion: les doublets d'hélices contra-rotatives. La méthode est tout d'abord validée analytiquement et numériquement sur des cas tests linéaires et non-linéaires avec succès. Deux problèmes sont soulevés pour l'utilisation d'une telle méthode sur des configurations aéroélastiques arbitraires: le conditionnement du terme source et la convergence de la méthode. Des approches originales ont été développées afin d'améliorer le conditionnement et de fournir une estimation a priori du nombre d'harmoniques nécessaire pour obtenir un certain niveau de convergence. La méthode d'équilibrage harmonique est ensuite validée sur un cas standard d'aéroélasticité des machines tournantes et montre des résultats très proches de ceux expérimentaux. L'applicabilité de la méthode est finalement démontrée pour la simulation de l'aéroélasticité des doublets d'hélices contra-rotatives. / Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has allowed the optimization of many configurations among which aircraft engines. In the aeronautical industry, CFD is mostly restricted to steady approaches due to the high computational cost of unsteady simulations. Nevertheless, the flow field across the rotating parts of aircraft engines, namely turbomachinery blades, is essentially periodic in time. Years ago, Fourier-based time methods have been developed to take advantage of this time periodicity. However, they are, for the most part, restricted to mono-frequential flow fields. This means that only a single base-frequency and its harmonics can be considered. Recently, a multi-frequential Fourier-based time method, namely the multi-frequential Harmonic Balance (HB), has been developed and implemented into the elsA CFD code, enabling new kinds of applications as, for instance, the aeroelasticity of multi-stage turbomachinery.The present PhD thesis aims at applying the HB approach to the aeroelasticity of a new type of aircraft engine: the contra-rotating open rotor. The method is first validated on analytical, linear and non-linear numerical test problems. Two issues are raised, which prevent the use of such an approach on arbitrary aeroelastic configurations: the conditioning of the multi-frequential HB source term and the convergence of the method. Original methodologies are developed to improve the condition number of the simulations and to provide a priori estimates of the number of harmonics required to achieve a given convergence level. The HB method is then validated on a standard configuration for turbomachinery aeroelasticity. The results are shown to be in fair agreement with the experimental data. The applicability of the method is finally demonstrated for aeroelastic simulations of contra-rotating open rotors.

In this thesis the Counter Rotating vertical Axis Floating Tilting wind turbine (CRAFT) has been explored by creating a simulation model in the program Simulink. The CRAFT prototype is a new type of wind turbine under development by World Wide Wind and Uppsala University with the aim to produce a large scale floating vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) with two cone shaped counter rotating turbines. The objective of this thesis is to study the required size of the secondary generator in the CRAFT. The generator is required in order to keep both of the turbines rotating with the same but opposite rotational speed, even when the turbines are experiencing different wind loads. Further areas that are investigated are if certain parameters have a specifically high impact on the need for the secondary generator.  The objective was reached by creating a model of the prototype and implementing control algorithms for both the secondary and main generator in order to control the rotational speed of the turbines. The behaviour of the CRAFT was then simulated with different wind loads and varying parameters such as the size of the main load, the size of the power output to the secondary generator and the wing length of the lower turbine. The simulations showed that it is possible to keep the rotational speed of the two turbines equal and opposite even during turbulent wind loads with the chosen control algorithm. The simulation also showed that if a small deviation in the turbine's rotational speed is allowed, a secondary generator of only 1 kW is needed instead of the currently used 5 kW generator. It was also shown that the elongating of the lower turbine wings had a small and positive effect on the energy output of the CRAFT.

Hydropower maintains its position as the most important source of renewable electric energy in the world. The efficiency of large hydropower plants is unsurpassed, and after more than hundred years of development, the technology is mature and highly reliable. While new hydro resources are currently being developed in Asia and South America, most European countries go through a phase of intense refurbishment and upgrading of existing plants. Challenges faced by the hydropower industry include a knowledge transfer to new generations and the adaptation of unit designs to meet new operational requirements. As with all branches of engineering, the use of computerized design tools has revolutionized the art of hydropower plant design and the analysis of its performance. In the present work, modern tools like coupled field-circuit models and semi-analytic permeance models are used to address different aspects of electromagnetic analysis of generators in large hydropower plants. The results include the presentation of a mathematical model that uses concepts from rotating field theory to determine the air-gap flux density waveform in a hydroelectric generator. The model was succesfully used to evaluate armature voltage harmonics and damper bar currents at no-load and load conditions. A second study is concerned with the importance of losses due to rotational fields in core loss calculations. It is found that dynamic and rotational effects typically increase the total core loss estimates with about 28% in large hydroelectric generators. In a third study, linear models for the calculation of salient pole shoe form factors at an arbitrary level of magnetic loading are presented. The effect of the damper winding configuration on the damping capability of salient-pole generators is then evaluated in a separate study. The predicted impact of the coupling between damper cages on adjacent poles on the damping torque production is verified in a set of experiments.