Date: 2020-06-09 Level: Bachelor Thesis in Business Administration, 15 ECTS Institution: School of Business, Society and Engineering, Mälardalen University Authors: Ida Kvist (93/03/23), Anna Messerschmidt (95/06/14) Title: Environmental protection as a driver for employee satisfaction and retention Tutor: Ali Farashah Keywords: employee retention, employee satisfaction, cosmetics industry, CSR Research question: How are the employee satisfaction and retention within the cosmetics industry impacted by the company’s external CSR actions regarding environmental sustainability? Purpose: The relationship between CSR and internal stakeholders has often been neglected in previous studies. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate whether a company’s CSR strategy can positively influence employee satisfaction and retention. Thereby, three different CSR dimensions are compared in order to draw comparisons based on the results. The cosmetics industry was chosen as a focus area as its products and packaging are a great concern regarding environmental pollution. Method: Because the turnover rate among retail employees is particularly high, a quantitative survey across salespeople and sales managers of the cosmetics industry was conducted. The data was analyzed with the use of IBM SPSS statistics. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, environmental CSR has a significant influence on employee satisfaction. Yet, it showed no influence on employee retention. Furthermore, the findings suggest that internal CSR plays an important role in satisfying and retaining employees. Social CSR on the other hand showed a negative influence on employee satisfaction.

Ancient Egypt is renowned for its extensive use of beauty products, but the image of Ancient Egypt modern media presents to consumers today barely expresses the importance of these products and practices. This paper details the production, application process, and function of these products and describes their importance in relation to modern society. The four functions of cosmetics (Religion, Aesthetics, Status, Health) are used to examine why beauty rituals are important to the Egyptian society, and modern beauty trends are contrasted with those of Ancient Egypt. Culture and industry movements and their catalysts explain the connection between past and present beauty ideals and standards. Overall, this paper determines Ancient Egypt’s profound impact on the modern beauty culture.

In recent years, the studies of emerging contaminants have received growing concerns due to their ambiguous fate and unclear effect to the water environment, aquatic organisms or even human. With the development of the analytical techniques, the increase detection rate of emerging contaminants is at a rapid pace that many of their fates and influence are still pending investigation. In this work, a group of organic UV filters, which is one of the vital categories of emerging contaminants are monitored. Organic UV filters, used as the major components in not only sunscreens but also other cosmetics products, have a widespread usage and large production volume for more than 80 years, causing the massive input towards the aquatic environment. To first investigate their environmental behaviours and impacts, the regional distribution of total nine commonly used organic UV filters was monitored along the southeast coastline of Shenzhen, which is the most rapid developing city in China with large population with the consideration of seasonal variation. In addition, the Shenzhen reservoirs, as the major sources of drinking water in Shenzhen, was also monitored together with the city tap water. The results indicated the extensive distribution of certain kinds of UV filters with obvious seasonal pattern, which may cause medium to high risk to aquatic organisms. And the incomplete removal of them in drinking water supply system resulting trace amount of UV filters to be detected in city tap water, may cause a general exposure of these UV filters towards all populations. Therefore, a quantitative analytical method for simultaneous detecting multiple classes UV filters in human urine samples has been developed and applied on more than 100 real samples for determining internal exposure. Similar UV filters were also detected in human urine samples compared with surface water while one of the most commonly used organic UV filters, Ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate exhibited much lower detection rate and concentration in human urine. Then, biotransformation of Ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate was examined in rats for the purpose of selecting suitable metabolites as exposure biomarkers. Several metabolites have been identified in urine and plasma by UHPLC-QTOF-MS. Two of its metabolites, 4-methoxycinnamic acid and 4' -methoxyacetophenone, were unambiguously identified by comparing with commercial standard. Excretion trend of Ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate and its two metabolites confirmed that most of the parent compound were quickly metabolized and excreted through urine samples. Herein, these three targeted compounds were further evaluated in two populations - female university students and school-aged children. Although Ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate was not detected in 49 female university students, significant internal correlations were discovered among these three analytes in school-aged students and extensive detection of metabolites instead of parent compound was also confirmed. The third part of this thesis is to comprehensively monitor the internal exposure of UV filters and their metabolites, and also discover their potential adverse health impacts - obesity in Shanghai children and adolescents. Urinary concentration of certain kinds of UV filters were significantly higher in girls than in boys. However, further associations have been found with urinary Ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate concentration and reduced adiposity outcomes only in boys, indicating it may have the potential to influence the metabolism in male population during growing stage. In short, a complete study of organic UV filters is presented in this thesis, from their environmental occurrence to metabolism in animal models, and finally to human exposure and potential health impacts. The widespread exposure and significant associations with adiposity outcomes can form a solid base for future comprehensive risk assessment of UV filters towards human health

Previous centuries of European colonization experienced by nations located in the Global South have influenced a desire among modern-day customers to purchase cosmetic products that promise a lighter skin complexion. Earlier scholarship focused on this sector of the beauty industry from an economic perspective, but contemporary research has shifted towards analyzing the advertising materials to understand how customers are persuaded to invest in these goods. This study provides further information through a content and rhetorical analysis of thirty-eight advertisements that were originally posted on Gluta-C’s Instagram between November 2013 and April 2016. The frequencies of particular word choice from the posts’ taglines are considered along with their positive and negative connotations. These English-language artifacts were also classified based on the artistic proofs of ethos, pathos, and logos from Neo-Aristotelian criticism. This deconstruction reveals that Gluta-C strengthens its reputation by explicitly outlining the ingredients of its skin-whitening creams while reassuring its safety from potential side effects and emphasizing its outstanding abilities compared to competitors. Emotional appeals were primarily utilized to create associations with wintertime holidays, highlight the undesirable appearances of customers before using the products, and describe their perfect lifestyles after consumption. Logical reasoning was used to present a solution to buyers’ skin problems, offer convenience to their beauty routines, and explain the additional benefits of using these skin-lightening lotions. / Media Studies & Production

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The problem considered was that many direct sales personnel do not recruit others into the sales force even though monetary rewards and recognition for achievement can be earned for successful recruitment. The purpose of this study was to identify attitudes that were characteristic of consultants who were successful recruiters within a direct sales organization.

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More and more companies are realising the benefits of implementing management systems, integration of these systems would lead to a more efficient and effective management system. Environmental, quality, health and safety management systems are discussed as well as how each is implemented independently. Where the systems overlap or have common goals, in order to avoid duplication and unnecessary extra work, the development and implementation as an integrated management system (IMS) is essential and forms the major part of this project. A long term plan to implement the IMS is developed and will be implemented in this company through stages. A holistic approach is being used to improve not only the effluent but also the process and raw materials. The company being focussed on is broken down into different sections and each section carefully investigated to find possible process improvements. The company is looking to become as automated as possible to reduce human error, but due to financial concerns, everything is to be done as economically as possible, or over a longer time span. The company is looking to implement an environmental management system (EMS) to become ISO 14000 certified and a quality management system (QMS) to become ISO 9000 certified as this would: • improve product marketing, • minimise long term costs, • ensure the future development of the company, and • help give the company an edge in the highly competitive market. A brief background of the organisation is given in order to determine the current (pre-implementation) status of the company. The EMS, QMS and Operational Health and Safety are discussed as well as how each is implemented independently. A gap analysis of each of the management systems is carried out and where the systems overlap or have common goals, these systems are integrated. The different functional departments of the organisation nl. inventory, production and administration are investigated and suggestions on how to improve these are documented. These suggestions are to be carried out first as these are the most obvious and currently cause the most problems. Once these problems are fixed, the gap analysis of each system is to be looked at and implemented. The water use of the organisation is investigated and some practical ways of decreasing the water use are suggested. Different ways of treating the effluent is discussed and it is decided that the best setup would be two tanks in series, including a flow equalisation tank and a chemical neutralisation tank. Depending on the pilot plant investigation an extra tank can be used to improve the water quality. One of the fundamental foundations to an effective and efficient management system is management commitment and the management at AIC are not committed enough. Employees should be motivated through fair pay, training and recognition as this will reduce human error and also improve the general feeling in the organisation. The IMS will be greatly enhanced if business ethics and social responsibilities are incorporated. Training seems to be the major problem in the organisation at present and once the appropriate sections of the IMS have been completed, training should become part of the company’s routine.

The present diploma thesis is focused on the selected anti-aging substances in cosmetic products. The literature research provided us with the knowledge of essential skin characteristics and factors influencing the aging process. Furthermore, the thesis describes the basic physical forms of cosmetic products, the basic cosmetic materials and the current trends in the usage of anti-aging substances. The experimental part subsumes altogether four physical forms of cosmetic products – tonics, serums, masks and creams. In this work was testid a new anti-aging compound, developer by French company SOLABIA, which provided the company Miša a Harašta s.r.o. (M+H). It has tested four components: Fucogel, Camaderm Gly, Viniderm and Omega Ceramid. These anti-aging substances were addend to the four technology cosmetic form, which were prepared in our laboratory. Subsequently, the pH stability of the products was measured together with the rheological measuring and skin hydration measuring. All of the samples proved to be pH stable. The highest stability of viscosity and consistence was identified for masks and creams. It was found out that the added anti-aging substances have no impact on the stability of pH, viscosity and consistency. The skin hydration measuring proved that the anti-aging substances Vinidem and Camadem Gly have the greatest moisturising qualities.