This memo discusses and problematizes the work of organizing and cataloging the archive of the Environmental Advisory Council.The archive mainly consists of records concerning meetings which the Environmental Advisory Council has participated in, but also records concerning different tasks of the council and a few records concerning the coun-cil itself.The overriding problem, which is discussed in the final part of this memo, is the lacking knowledge about the creator of the archive and the creation of the archive itself and how this effects the work of ordering and catalog-ing. An attempt is made to evaluate the archive as a source of information to the Environmental Advisory Coun-cil and its work.This is a one year master’s thesis in Archival Science

The present study attempted to identify common and unique characteristics of faculty performance appraisal formats and procedures by analyzing characteristics of formats and procedures from the psychology departments of 28 universities, including Kentucky Council on Post-secondary Education (CPE) benchmark schools for Western Kentucky University as well as schools that have Industrial/Organizational psychology master’s degree programs. It was hypothesized that schools with Industrial/-Organizational Psychology programs would have better formats as defined by eight legal factors. However, this hypothesis was not supported. The hypothesis that graphic rating scales would be the most common method for collecting appraisal data was supported. It was determined that the performance appraisal system used at Western Kentucky University is very similar to systems used at the CPE benchmark schools that participated in this study.

This study identified current trends in website design and development for college and university recreation programs accredited by the NRPA/AALR Council on Accreditation. Emphasis was on design, content, governance, and development. The study was an attempt to provide insight for program administrators by identifying current practices related to website design and development. This was the first study to identify current trends in website design and development at nationally accredited recreation programs. This information can be used to evaluate existing websites and plan future website development. Data were collected using an electronic survey instrument created with E-listen software. Three invitations were emailed to program administrators at college and university recreation programs accredited by the NRPA/AALR Council on Accreditation (n=98). Basic descriptive statistics including measures of central tendency and frequency distributions were calculated to address the research questions. The results of this study showed that faculty were most often responsible for their program’s website construction, content and design input, and maintenance. Students did not play a large role in these responsibilities. The websites were most commonly maintained monthly. The most common components available on program websites were informative and served as marketing and recruiting tools. The majority of websites did not contain components for student entertainment or communication. Over half of the websites included links to professional organizations’ homepages. Just under half of the websites did not include a link to the National Recreation and Park Association.

The thesis investigates how China and the United States used state sovereignty in their official statements provided to the United Nations Security Council when discussing the Darfur conflict during the time period between 2004 and 2009. The thesis looks in particular at the official statements made with regards to the three different measures taken by the Security Council which were: the implementation of sanctions, the referral to the international criminal court and the deployment of peacekeeping. The thesis found that China applied a more cautious, but consistent, approach in which breaches of state sovereignty were never officially supported. The United States use of state sovereignty evolved as it became more willing over time to breach the sovereign rights of Sudan. The investigation into the official stance by China and the United States also provides general conclusions with regard to state sovereignty in contemporary international relations. First, the thesis finds that state sovereignty is still at the core of decision making in the United Nations Security Council, and as well in international relations, and there no present challenges to the role state sovereignty in contemporary international relations. Nonetheless, the different interpretations applied by states such as China and the United States, delays the decision-making process as states disagree on justifiable breaches of state sovereignty. State authorizes, such as the Government of Sudan, use state sovereignty as a barrier to effective international action to prevent atrocities and heinous crimes against humanity. In this application of state sovereignty, the rights of nation -states are protected more than the individual rights of human beings.

In this study the authors wanted to find out what role networking and knowledge play for a Swedish company that wants to enter the Nigerian market. This was done by using a qualitative approach and conducting interviews with HQS AB a Swedish company that entered Nigeria, the Swedish Trade Council and the Nigerian Embassy. No studies have previously been done about the internationalization process for a Swedish firm entering Nigeria therefore this essay provides empirical findings that can be useful for Swedish firms that want to enter Nigeria and for researchers within international business. The result from this study indicate that HQS AB had a successful market entry to Nigeria mainly because networking help them get in touch with partners that could add value by providing valuable connections that eventually helped HQS AB to start their business in Nigeria. Moreover, by attaining tacit knowledge in Nigeria, HQS AB managed to handle challenges in Nigeria such as the complex bureaucracy system and the business culture in the country.

The present study focuses on teacher’s attitudes to the European Language Portfolio (ELP) in mother tongue English programs. More specifically it will explore how effective the ELP and portfolio assessment are in mother tongue teaching inSweden. The aim is also to assess whether mother tongue English students perform equally well in the four language skill areas. This case study seeks to find the strengths and weaknesses of the ELP according to the teachers that are using the ELP as an assessment tool, as well as investigating previous evaluation materials used to identify achievement in mother tongue. For this purpose, a case study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with four English mother tongue teachers at theLanguageCenterin Göteborg (henceforth LCG). The teachers interviewed at the language center use the ELP assessment but do not actively use the other parts of the language passport. The LCG materials for the mother tongue ELP were adapted from the original ELP 6 to 16 years created for Österåker municipality by Iakovos Demetriádes in 2007. Mother tongue teachers in Göteborg have since identified a number of the ELP’s strengths, as well as some of its weaknesses. The ELP is compatible with the Swedish syllabus, which makes it easier to write a written assessment for each class from the 1st grade and up.  There are however problems with individual teachers interpretation of ELP descriptors.  These problems will be brought to light later on in this paper.

The purpose of this study was to explore whether National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE) professional standards is applicable to Taiwan teacher education policy. Based on review of literatures on NCATE professional standards and evaluation items of institution for teacher education in Taiwan, the researcher constructed four accreditation fields, nine professional standards and fifty-two professional indicators for accreditation standards of institutions for teacher education in Taiwan. The Delphi method was adopted to acquire experts¡¦ opinions and suggestions about the fitness of accreditation standards and indicators. The study used purposive sampling. The samples were made up by the chiefs, teachers, and administrative staffs from the institutions for teacher education and the scholars of teacher education, 15 samples in sum. Each of them had to fill out three waves of Delphi questionnaires. According to documentation and the Delphi questionnaires, the conclusions of this study were as follows: I.Accreditation system 1.Lack of professional organization and internal unit for the accreditation system of Taiwan teacher education. 2.Lack of effective tracking mechanism in evaluation of institution for teacher education. 3.Lack of sufficient time for evaluation members to do on-site visit. 4.NCATE uses the ¡§quality¡¨ method to execute the accreditation process. 5.The result of the accreditation is difficult to achieve the purpose of improving school effectiveness. II.In terms of professional standards 1.The professional standards of accreditation system include the four fields, ten professional standards and forty-one professional indicators. 2.¡§A-Input indicator¡¨ is the most important in the important rank. 3.¡§A-1-Education goals and features¡¨ is the most important in the important rank. 4.¡§A-1-1Education aim and vision¡¨,¡¨ A-1-3institution features¡¨, and ¡§A-2-3 Improvement measure¡¨ are the most important in the important rank. 5.The accreditation system of teacher education needs a set of standardized and specific standards, indicators, and criterions. 6.Lack evaluation items of ¡§Candidate performance¡¨, ¡§Faculty professional practices in teaching¡¨, and ¡§diversity¡¨ in the evaluation of institution for teacher education. 7.The cooperation between the institutions for teacher education and institutions for intern teachers were less concerned.

The present work is initiated to study the history perspectives of marine affairs and the organization structure of government for dealing with the ocean matter in Taiwan. According to neo-institutionalism approach, the ocean affairs must be managed and manipulated by the followed aspects: the international spirits and practices, the history of Taiwan ocean affairs, and the human rational actions. The international spirits and practices should be based upon with the current ocean governance, Agenda 21, United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), and marine policies of major nations. These should be adapted into the bases of Taiwan ocean policies. Taiwan has long neglect overlooked the ocean by ignoring territorial waters, it has only with slogan of ocean country for the time being. The government has not made the clear responsibilities of ocean affairs among within the departments. Up to now it is still the Council of Ocean Affairs which will be established till 2012. Considering the rational choice, the establishment and transformation is still the hardest challenge for the management of ocean affairs. This thesis concludes that it would be best interest for the government to integrate the management spirit of marine affairs with international practice, because the affairs of surrounding ocean are increasingly complex. The current draft organization structure on the Council of Ocean Affairs could not easy to deal with sophisticated ocean affairs. Therefore, the Council of Ocean Affairs should be shaped to getting more dominant power instead of coordination power. The Department of Ocean is needed to handle the marine affairs instead of the Council of Ocean Affairs. Finally, extensive funding for affiliation and training human resource related to the establishment of the Council of Ocean Affairs will be beneficial to the ocean governance.

This eassy assesses the recent trend of transnational private governance by analyzing the multiple functions and impacts of the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC), one of the most representative institutions in global environmental governance. After clarifying the general context of global governance, civil society and the rise of transnational private certifying, this article compares different interactive processes between the FSC and the government. This article concludes different patterns of how the FSC interacts with a country. Moreover, by interviewing the enterprises in Taiwan, this article sums up how the FSC crosses over the nation borders and achieves transnational governance through private certification.

English Abstract The essay argues the transformation from business marketing strategies to political ones. It accumulates the empirical data interviewed from the Tai-nan city councilwomen, discusses the advantages and the disadvantages from the interviewers, and provides the modes of position marketing. The essay argues that the politicians should adopt the ¡¥material principle¡¦, ¡¥macro-behavior principle¡¦, and ¡¥productive behavior principle¡¦ as their marketing segmentation systems to get the best investment return rate. The politicians should make self- positioning after adopting the marketing segmentation principles,. The politicians should be aware of the related opponents, make sure the fatal factors of the image positioning, accumulate the images of the politicians from the representative voters according to ¡¥decisive factor¡¦ from the marketing, and analyze the positions of the politicians in the voters. The candidates should thereby discuss the best compositions of the voters¡¦ decisive factors with their staffs and examine the correspondence between the market segmentation and the competitive position of the politicians to accomplish the market positioning.