Este estudo analisou a experiência de construção da participação social no Sistema Único de Saúde, tendo como objeto de estudo o Conselho Municipal de Saúde de Ribeirão Preto, no período de 1991-1998. Construiu-se o referencial teórico a partir da redemocratização do país e da Reforma Sanitária, abordando o objeto de estudo nas dimensões: Direito à Saúde, Participação, Controle Social e Cidadania. A metodologia foi o Estudo de Caso, na abordagem qualitativa da pesquisa em saúde. Procurou-se, a partir de Análise documental e de Entrevistas com Conselheiros e ex-Secretários Municipais de Saúde, através da técnica de Análise Temática, identificar relações estabelecidas entre os sujeitos sociais que compõem o Conselho, projetos de interesse e concepção de Direito à Saúde; buscou-se apontar limites e potencialidades do espaço de participação para a construção da cidadania. Principais limites: os temas são levados ao Conselho, apenas para aprovação, não oportunizando discussões prévias; a vinculação do Fundo Municipal de Saúde à Secretaria da Fazenda, impede Gestor e Conselho de terem autonomia na decisão do uso dos recursos; alguns segmentos não levam para o Conselho suas demandas, utilizando outros canais; o corporativismo de alguns segmentos, impede a publicização de projetos de interesse. Como potencialidade, verificou-se que os entrevistados têm no Conselho, o fórum político legítimo, para discutir e deliberar as diretrizes políticas para a saúde no município, legitimando-o, enquanto espaço público de construção do Direito e da Cidadania. Isto permitiu o funcionamento, nestes 8 anos, sem solução de continuidade. / This study analysed the experience of building social participation in the Unique Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde), having as its study object the Municipal Health Council of Ribeirão Preto, during the period of 1991 - 1998. The theoretical reference was built from the county’s redemocratization and the Sanitary Reform, broaching the study object in the dimensions: the Right to Health, Participation, Social Control and Citizenship. The methodology was Case Study, in the qualitative aspect of health research. We sought, from document analysis and interviews with Counsellors and former Municipal Healt Secretaries, through the technique of Thematic Analysis, to identify relations established among the social subjects which compose the Council, projects of interest and the conception on the Right to Health; we sought to point out limits and potencialities of the space of participation for the construction of citizenship. Main limits: the themes are sent to the Council for aprovement only, not allowing previous discussions; the bond between the Municipal Health Fund and the Secretary of Treasure, obstructs Manager and Council of having autonomy in the decision on the use of resources; some segments don’t take their pleas to the Council, using other channels; the corporativism of some segments don’t allow publicizing projects of interest. As potentiality, we observed that those interviewed have in the Council, the legitimate political forum to discuss and deliberate on the political directions for health in the Municipality, legitimating it as a public space for the construction of Rights and Citizenship. This allowed its functioning, during 8 years, without interruption.

M.A. / The Institute of Child and Parental Guidance at the Rand Afrikaans University presents a training course in Christian Lay Counselling. The aim of the course is to train people with a christian background as lay counsellors so that they can do counselling in a congregation and/or a church environment. This research entails a critical, scientific evaluation of this training programme to determine whether the experimental group's (n = 30) theoretical knowledge, counselling skills and attitudes was significantly enhanced by the training programme in comparison to the control group (n = 30). Chapter one addresses the problem and objective of the project. An overview of lay christian counselling is given in chapter two and in chapter three the training programme for christen lay counsellors of the Rand Afrikaans University is presented. The research procedures of the project are discussed in chapter four and the results of the research are given in chapter five. The results of the research are interpreted, conclusions are drawn, critique and recommendations are made based on the research findings in chapter six. The pass rate for the course in christian lay counselling was 100%. There is a negative correlation (r = -0,254) between the theoretical and practical mark for counselling skills. The growth in counselling skills is measured by using the "Group Assessment of Interpersonal Traits" (GAIT) by menas of pre- and post test procedures. The experimental group showed a marked, positive growth (p = 0,0160) in their application of counselling skills within a counselling framework. The control group showed a marked decline (p = 0,0156) in terms of the application of counselling skills within a counselling framework. The improvement in attitudes (personal growth) is measured by using the "Personal Orientation Inventory" (P01) by means of pre- and post test procedures. The experimental group showed a marked, positive growth in the following four scales of the PO1: Time Competent (Tc)(POI 1)(p = 0,0296), Inner Directed (1)(POI 2)(p = 0,0242), Feeling Reactivity (Fr)(POI 5)(p = 0,0255) and Intimate Contact (C)(POI 12)(p = 0,0013). The control group showed a marked decline (p = 0,0229) in terms of post test scores in relation to the Inner Directed scale (1)(POI 2). It would appear that the training programme for christian lay counsellors did in effect have a distinct positive influence on the experimental group's theoretical knowledge of counselling, the application of counselling skills in practise as well as the personal growth of course attendants.

Magister Psychologiae - MPsych / Rape Crisis Cape Town Trust is an organisation that trains and supervises a team of women counsellors who provide a counselling service to women rape survivors. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of the counsellors and the counselling co-ordinator regarding their perceptions on whether the training provided by the personal growth and counselling skills course is adequate in dealing with rape and its complexities. / South Africa

Master in Public Health -MPH / In secondary schools in Tanzania, teachers are selected to take on the role of guidance and counselling in addition to their teaching duties. They are expected to be key players in supporting school youth to develop responsible sexual behaviour to avoid HIV/AIDS infections. However, it was unknown to what extent they fulfil this role or are willing and able to do so. The PASHA (Prevention and Awareness in Schools of HIV/AIDS) project has trained counsellors in the Tanga region of Tanzania on sexual reproductive health (SRH) and counselling skills. This study aimed to establish the effect of the training that was provided by PASHA on the knowledge and attitudes of school counsellors regarding HIV/AIDS. The research was conducted as a quantitative, observational KA (knowledge, attitude) study in 57 schools (37 or 32 % of the intervention schools, 20 non-intervention schools) in Tanga region, using questionnaires to compare the knowledge and attitudes of trained counsellors with those of untrained counsellorstowards HIV/AIDS, sexuality and reproductive rights of their students. Questionnaires were pre-tested and then administered face-to-face over a four week period in 2007. Eighty five counsellors were interviewed, 56 of these had received in-service training as counsellors, while 29 had not received any training by PASHA. / South Africa

This study aimed to explore and describe burnout from the perspectives of VLCs who struggled with this phenomenon at some stage during their work as VLCs. Phenomenology provided the epistemological framework and a qualitative research approach was used. Five in-depth interviews were conducted with five participants who are VLCs. The data was analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). The participants’ stories were reconstructed as themes. A systematic analysis of the narratives was conducted and then linked to relevant literature. This study created an understanding of the complexity of burnout as it relates to VLCs. The themes highlighted the importance of exploring the experiences of VLCs and giving voice to their stories. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Psychology / unrestricted

Magister Psychologiae - MPsych / This study explored Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL) among lay trauma counsellors in Cape Town, South Africa, with a secondary focus on the implications for task shifting. The study supplemented a broader project, which sought to determine correlates between age, gender, and the constructs of ProQOL, using a triangulation design to combine nomothetic and idiographic methods. The current study acted to supplement the primary study with qualitative data, but can be treated as a stand-alone qualitative study.

Abstract    Title        School counsellors work with children and youths who are exposed to honor-related violence and oppression, in relation to the Convention on the Rights of the Child- A qualitative study.   Authors          Elinor Arnaout and Julia Johansson   Honor-related violence and oppression (HrvaO) is a phenomenon that has received increasing attention in the media, among others. This is especially so after the case of Fadime, who in 2002 was murdered by his father as a result of violating his family's code of honor. The starting point in HrvaO is that women's sexuality is something that must be controlled in order to preserve the family's honor (Länsstyrelsen, 2018). In an interview study, the aim was to investigate what tools and knowledge school counsellors perceive they have to work with HrvaO among high school students. Furthermore, the purpose was to investigate how the parties identify the vulnerability among the students. In addition, the authors have examined how the school counsellors work with HrvaO mainly in relation to the Convention on the Rights of the Child. It imposes requirements on all relevant professionals, including counsellors, taking into account the best interests of the child in all decisions taken with a view to protecting the child. Consequently, it was of interest to examine whether school counselors’ work with HrvaO has changed since the Convention on the Rights of the Child became law in Sweden in 2020.   The results of the study have shown that the Convention on the Rights of the Child has not made it easier for the counsellors, which they explain is due to the fact that the Convention on the Rights of the Child does not provide any practical application in the work with vulnerable students. Furthermore, the study has shown that the school counsellors have tools for working with students who are exposed to HrvaO in the form of conversation methodology, contact with social services, honor-groups and relationship building. The conclusion is that HrvaO is a complex subject that needs to be researched to a greater extent in order to promote the professional's acquisition of knowledge. This is especially apparent when various dilemmas arise in the workplace where the professional experiences difficulties in prioritizing "the right solution". Keywords  Honor-related violence and oppression, school counsellors, Convention on the rights of the child, work methods.

Student Number : 0009222T - MA research report - School of Human and Community Development - Faculty of Humanities / The aim of this exploratory study was to determine whether victims of crime who have encountered face-to-face interventions with lay counsellors, perceive these interventions as helpful, hindering or having no effect on their ability to cope after a traumatic incident. Five participants were selected for this qualitative study. A semi-structured interview schedule was constructed by the researcher to guide the interview process and thematic content analysis was used to analyse the data. The main emergent themes related to symptoms experienced by participants, time, victim support centres, perceptions of lay counsellors, short-term interventions, the model used and the participants overall perceptions of the services rendered by lay counsellors. Although the results were too varied to conclude the perceived effectiveness of interventions, the results are invaluable in gaining an in-depth understanding of the perceived impact of the services rendered by lay counsellors and what factors influence these perceptions.

Department of Advanced Nursing Science / PhD (Health Sciences)

This study examines how Taiwanese senior counsellors with substantial experience of ch’i-related exercise (CRE) perceived the influence of their regular CRE on their counselling practice. I am interested in the perceived influence of CRE on both self-care and professional practice. In this studyn this studyn this study n this study n this study n this study, CRE, CRE, CRE, CRE, CRE refers to any refers to any refers to any refers to any ch'i enhancing exercise that coordinates movement with breathing and inner concentration wherein ch'i is a first order concept used by practitioners and regarded by them as an embodiment of ideas related to human life and human existence and able to be experienced and refined through any ch'i related exercise. CRE is a set of practices and an intrinsic part of local culture in Taiwan which in recent years, has become popular practice in Taiwanese society. There are growing numbers of counselling professionals involved in regular CRE in recent years. Studies examining the effects of CRE indicate the benefits of CRE on practitioners' global health and personal growth. However, no previous study has investigated the influence of the long-term regular use of CRE on counsellors‟ self-care and counselling practice. The narrative research design for this study was developed from a post-structural theoretical perspective located in the domain of social constructivism. The data were co-constructed between the researcher and 12 senior Taiwanese counsellors with substantial CRE experience using a semi-structured in-depth interview approach. Interview data were analysed using the structure-based approach developed by William Labov in the field of socio-linguistics. The study reveals an overall benefit of regular involvement in CRE for practitioners' global wellbeing and personal growth counsellor' self-care. The research findings also reveals the potential of ch’i to be used as a way of expressing health and illness and a way of understanding in therapy and CRE to be lived out in therapy as an embodiment. I argue that collectively the narratives, as a whole, give evidence of an increasing integratin of the ideas and practices of ch’i into counselling practice in contemporary Taiwan. This might even make up a new form of integrated and culturally appropriate practice, what I term "a new way of healing." These are therapeutic practices which value the potential of CRE for counsellor's self-care and personal growth; recognize the integral whole of the human person; promote conscious use of the knowledge and experience of ch’i and CRE in therapy as an important aspect of the therapeutic use of self. Implications for practice such as the potential of CRE to be introduced into counsellor training programmes for counsellors' preparation or ongoing education are provided. Recommendations for future research such as the development of a new healing modality based on the research findings are offered.