Using session events from nine dyads (counsellors-in-training and their clients), the present study examined how counsellors-in-training react to client weeping events. Trainees' reactions were observed across three different phases of psychotherapy (early, middle, and late) in order to investigate whether there were important changes in counsellors' reactions across time. Two studies---using distinct but complementary methodological perspectives---were employed for this investigation. / Results from the first, quantitative analysis indicated that, during weeping events, trainees adopted a mainly warm and empathic attitude towards their clients. To a lesser degree, they adopted an exploratory stance by working with clients' thoughts, feelings, and behaviours. Finally, they demonstrated almost no negative attitudes that would be characterized by a defensive or judgmental style. A further important finding from this analysis was that therapist attitudes and behaviours did not significantly change across the three phases of psychotherapy. / A finer-grained, qualitative examination using discovery-oriented methodology indicated that changes in trainees' behaviours and attitudes over time were discernible. Therapists became more focused on the present, learned to balance their focus on clients' cognitions as well as emotions, and used a variety of interventions to do so. Throughout all three phases, they were found to adopt an empathic and accepting attitude towards their clients. Trainees were also found to become more active and solution-oriented in the last phase of therapy. In terms of the quality of trainees' tasks, some commonalities were found between tasks judged positively and negatively regardless of time, however, no clear pattern of quality of tasks was found across the three phases.

This hermeneutic phenomenological study explores eight psychotherapists' and counsellors' experiences and understandings of 'inexplicable' phenomena that sometimes occur when working with clients.The purpose of the study is to stimulate thinking about these experiences and bring them into conversation within the psychoanalytic community.The findings emerging from this research reveal that inexplicable phenomena may occur when therapists and counsellors are in an 'open', meditative state in which the boundaries between self and the world seem lessened and time and space are experienced differently. The phenomena may take many forms, including the apparent knowing about events that are later reported by clients, which it would not have been possible to 'sense' in the usual way, and the seeing of semi-solid forms, which may be static or moving.The meanings made of the experiences vary according to different spiritual and theoretical worldviews but, invariably, the experiences are interpreted as receiving a communication from, or being attuned to, the unconscious mind or a spiritual intelligence or source of knowledge. This is discussed in relation to psychotherapeutic, phenomenological and spiritual literature. Occultism is another field we shall have to conquer There are strange and wondrous things in these lands of darkness. Please don't worry about my wanderings in these infinitudes. I shall return laden with rich bounty for our knowledge of the human psyche (Jung to Freud 1911: Mc. Guire, 1991, p. 223).I advise against. Don't do it. By it you would be throwing a bomb into the psychoanalytical house, which would be certain to explode. (Freud's letter to Ferenczi, (1919) when the latter wanted to present his telepathic experiments to the next IPA conference (Jones, 1957, p. 42).Freud wrote to psychic researcher , Hereward Carrington, that: "If I had my life to live over again, I should devote myself to psychical research rather than to psychoanalysis" (Jones 1957, p. 32). In 1929, Freud denied having said this but Ernest Jones tracked down the evidence of the letter (Farrell, 1983).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Texas, Aug., 2007. / Title from title page display. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (MHSc--Health Science) -- Auckland University of Technology, 2005. / Also held in print (viii, 100 leaves, 30 cm.) in Akoranga Theses Collection. (T 616.8914 ROS)

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Montana, 2008. / Title from title screen. Description based on contents viewed Aug. 20, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-78).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2004. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 207-218).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Ohio University, August, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 93-111)

Thesis (M. Ed.) -- University of Alberta, 2009. / "A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Education in Counselling Psychology, Department of Educational Psychology, University of Alberta." Title from pdf file main screen (viewed on October 8, 2009). Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1996. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 73-82). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1996. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 73-82). Also available on the Internet.