Magister Artium - MA / Technical documentation comes in a variety of forms such as installation or operation manuals, quick reference guides, maintenance manuals, user manuals, policy and procedure manuals or marketing brochures and flyers (Walsh, 2012). What all these sub-genres have in common is that the texts that correspond to them seek to inform and give instruction about procedures, behaviour and actions related to products (Schäffner & Wiesemann, 2001: 49). Manuals have been described as “the complete reference source for a product’s operation, maintenance and safety” (Cowley & Wogalter, 2011: 1773). For the purpose of this study, we will focus on one form of technical documentation, namely user manuals. The terms “documentation” and “manuals” will be used interchangeably. Although there are probably as many manuals as there are products in our homes, these user manuals have not frequently been the subject of academic study in the South African context. The relative lack of research into user manuals is especially regrettable at a time when new product liability legislation and trade regulations (e.g. the Consumer Protect Act of South Africa, 2008) have enhanced the profile of product manuals in public and regulatory discourse. As a result of this relative neglect, it is not known how understandable, relevant and therefore empowering users of products find these manuals. There is also not much knowledge concerning the level of compliance in manuals to the provisions of product liability legislation. This study therefore proposes to investigate the comprehensibility and usability of user manuals associated with two products (blenders) marketed in South Africa. It will draw on theories and methods of analysis associated with technical writing, analysis of terminological consistency, genre and multimodality, to evaluate the selected manuals from the standpoint of a subset of the criteria listed in Section 22(2) of the Consumer Protection Act of South Africa, No. 68 of 2008, which was later amended in 2011. The methodology for the proposed study will combine text analysis (by the researcher) with comprehension and usability tasks performed by selected participants. Data from these sources will be collated and analysed to determine the conformity of the manuals to criteria in the Consumer Protection Act of South Africa, and the effect the manuals have on product users. Areas for optimising (improving) the manuals will also be identified.

Submitted by Jéssica Cruz Santos (jjcsanto@gmail.com) on 2017-10-31T00:16:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Jéssica_Dissertação_2017_texto final.pdf: 1459653 bytes, checksum: 85f7fd1b1014de308c09190fc21a2f58 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by NUBIA OLIVEIRA (nubia.marilia@ufba.br) on 2017-12-06T18:50:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Jéssica_Dissertação_2017_texto final.pdf: 1459653 bytes, checksum: 85f7fd1b1014de308c09190fc21a2f58 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-06T18:50:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jéssica_Dissertação_2017_texto final.pdf: 1459653 bytes, checksum: 85f7fd1b1014de308c09190fc21a2f58 (MD5) / Um currículo de ciências politizado e orientado para a ação sociopolítica pode contribuir para superar problemas e consequências sociais e ambientais a partir da formação de cidadãos capazes de compreender e mobilizar o conhecimento científico em seu cotidiano. Com base no letramento científico crítico, a partir da perspectiva da educação CTSA, com questões sociocientíficas (QSC), esse trabalho defende que a ética ambiental deve ser inserida como conteúdo atitudinal necessário no ensino de ciências, para que haja, na formação dos alunos, uma reflexão aprofundada sobre valores morais pertinentes à construção de uma sociedade com maior justiça socioambiental. Para isso, o trabalho objetivou analisar a mobilização de conteúdos conceituais, procedimentais e atitudinais (CPA) sobre o tema poluição das águas, a partir de uma questão sociocientífica sobre poluição hídrica no contexto de uma sequência didática aplicada no ensino fundamental, de uma escola pública em Salvador-BA. Os dados da pesquisa foram coletados por meio de questionários, materiais produzidos pelos estudantes, diário de campo e registros de áudio. A análise dos dados, fundamentada na análise de conteúdo, considerou o alcance dos objetivos de ensino e aprendizagem nas atividades. Observamos que, para a maior parte dos alunos, foi muito estimulante trabalhar com uma atividade que teve como contexto um parque que se situa no próprio entorno geográfico da escola. O uso de QSC, como estratégia pedagógica para a consideração de questões éticas sobre tópicos científicos via discurso e interações sociais, possibilitou despertar nos alunos reflexões sobre a poluição hídrica, os valores, os interesses envolvidos e a importância das normas que orientam o comportamento humano. / A politicized science curriculum geared towards socio-political action can contribute to overcome social and environmental problems and consequences from the formation of citizens capable of understanding and mobilizing scientific knowledge in their daily lives. Based on the critical scientific literacy, from the perspective of CTSA education, with socio-scientific issue (SSI), this work argues that environmental ethics should be inserted as necessary attitudinal content in science education, so that in the training of students, an in-depth reflection on moral values pertinent to the construction of a society with greater social and environmental justice. The aim of this study was to analyze the mobilization of conceptual, procedural and attitudinal contents (CPA) on the subject of water pollution, based on a socio-scientific issue on water pollution in the context of a didactic sequence applied in elementary education, of a public school in Salvador-BA. The research data were collected through questionnaires, materials produced by students, field diaries and audio records. Data analysis, based on content analysis, considered the achievement of teaching and learning objectives in the activities. We observed that for most of the students, it was very stimulating to work with an activity that had as context a park that is situated in the geographical environment of the school itself. The use of SSI as a pedagogical strategy for the consideration of ethical questions about scientific topics through discourse and social interactions, allowed to awaken in the students reflections on water pollution, values, interests involved and the importance of norms that guide human behavior.

No abstract available. / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / gm2014 / Centre for Human Rights / unrestricted

The fundamental consumer rights granted to consumers by the Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008 (hereinafter referred to as the CPA) would be without meaning if no avenues of redress were available to enforce them. The National Consumer Commission as well as the National Consumer Tribunal and the consumer courts will enforce the Act. One of the more central and important aims of the CPA (section 69) is to ensure that an aggrieved consumer has access to redress, this also being one of the European Union’s consumer protection rights. The CPA therefore empowers the consumer by setting out redress options where a consumer believes that his or her right has been infringed. There is a wide range of options available to consumers if they have a complaint in terms of the CPA. Sections 68 to 76, which are found in Chapter 3 Part A to C, are the provisions that deal with the protection of Consumer Rights. In terms of the CPA, consumers are not obliged to approach the supplier against whom they have a complaint before first going somewhere else. In terms of section 69 of the Act, the category of persons listed in section 4(1) can enforce a right in terms of the Act or in terms of a transaction or agreement, or resolve a dispute with a supplier by: Referring the matter directly to the National Consumer Tribunal; referring the matter to the applicable recognised ombud with jurisdiction over the supplier and if the matter does not concern the supplier contemplated in s 69(b), referring the matter to the applicable accredited industry ombud with jurisdiction. The consumer may also apply to the relevant consumer court of the province with jurisdiction (subject to the provincial legislation governing it). A dispute may also be referred to an alternative dispute agent, filing a complaint with the National Consumer Commission or approaching a court with jurisdiction over the matter (only when all the other remedies available to that person in terms of national legislation have been exhausted). The main focus of the research will be the role of consumer courts in particular and their possible enforcement and execution shortcomings. The consumer courts are regulated on a national level in terms of the CPA and on provincial level in terms of provincial legislation of the various provinces. I will illustrate these shortcomings in a discussion of two relevant cases. A short discussion of the other options available to the consumers for redress in terms of the CPA will also be included. Other avenues of redress that will briefly be discussed are complaints lodged to the National Consumer Tribunal, the National Consumer Commission and alternative dispute resolution. Since the CPA became fully effective on the 31 of March 2011 and is more in line with international trends in consumer protection law, a short comparative study is necessary. I will be looking at the consumer law in Scotland, which is affected, by the UK consumer law in the United Kingdom. / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Mercantile Law / unrestricted

When environmental laws are constricted and downsizing of engines has become the reality of the vehicle industry, there needs to be a solution for the rise in torsion vibrations in the drivetrain. These increased levels of torsion vibrations are mostly due to excitations from the firing pulses, which in turn have become increased due to higher cylinder pressures. One of the solutions for further dampening the system is to add a centrifugal pendulum absorber to the flywheel, and predicting the behaviour of such a device has become imperative.The intent of this thesis is to create a model that will accurately emulate the effectiveness and functionality of a centrifugal pendulum absorber, so that it can be used in simulations to predict vehicle behaviour with its addition. To validate the model, a comparison is made between simulated results, using the model created in Adams/Car and Matlab, and road measurements conducted using a prototype acquired by the industry.The results from the simulations show that, with existing theory on the subject and software provided by Scania, an accurate model can be created. The reduction of torsion vibrations is evident, and the model’s behaviour correlates to that of the prototype.Future work on the subject requires a larger insight into pendulums tuned to multiple orders, and an extension of the model geometry would be advantageous.

Syftet med denna kunskapsöversikt är att undersöka vad Singaporemodellen innebär och vadsom är karakteristiskt för modellen. För att vi skulle kunna göra en kunskapsöversikt valde viatt fördjupa oss i Singapores matematikhistoria och vad som karakteriserar modellen. Eftersomdet i Sverige saknas relevant forskning om Singaporemodellen var det aktuellt för oss att se hurandra länder har gjort och med hjälp av det skapa en bild av vad modellen kan ha för betydelsei den svenska skolan.Vår digitala bakgrundsundersökning i sökmotorerna ERIC via Ebsco och GoogleScholar, resulterade i en variation av vetenskapliga artiklar som vi valde ut för att jämföra ochanalyseras. Resultatet av våra vetenskapliga artiklar gav en förståelse för hur Singaporesutbildningssystem i matematik är uppbyggt och hur man ständigt håller en hög standard på sinutbildning. Forskningsresultaten från andra länders implementering av Singapores matematikhar gett framgångsrika effekter.Påföljden av de vetenskapliga artiklarna har resulterat i att Singaporemodellen och desssärskilda struktur bidrar till ökade kunskaper i matematik för elever och hade varit till fördelför lärare i Sverige att ta efter.

On Nov. 15, 2021, President Biden signed the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act into law. The purpose of this legislation is evident in its name as it encompasses funding for “roads, bridges, railroads, airports, public transportation, access to broadband internet, and clean water” (Stradling, 2021). The revenue to support the $1.2 trillion Act will mainly result from “repurposing COVID-19 relief funds and unused unemployment benefits, delaying a Medicare rebate, and enacting stronger cryptocurrency reporting requirements" (Stradling, 2021). Although there are few provisions in this Act that will affect the average taxpayer, there are some that tax preparers should note.

In the first part of this thesis is characterised VAT, is mentioned its principle, basic terms. Then is characterised reverse charge system on the level Directive 2006/112/ES principle, reasons for implementation, application in the Czech republic, etc. The second part of this thesis is described the system reverse charge in civil engineering in detail. There are mentioned principles of uses. Then are analysed problems, advantages and disadvantages related to this system of taxation. These aspects evaluated the subjects of taxation a electrician, a joiner and construction company (from viewpoint customer and supplier) and tax administrator.

Submitted by Ariela Zanetta Simoni (arielazsimoni@gmail.com) on 2018-04-18T21:21:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_ArielaSimoni_VF2_2018.pdf: 2154592 bytes, checksum: 3ed46fe4510f5360ed0ab60012235df1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Debora Nunes Ferreira (debora.nunes@fgv.br) on 2018-04-20T17:07:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_ArielaSimoni_VF2_2018.pdf: 2154592 bytes, checksum: 3ed46fe4510f5360ed0ab60012235df1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzane Guimarães (suzane.guimaraes@fgv.br) on 2018-04-20T17:34:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_ArielaSimoni_VF2_2018.pdf: 2154592 bytes, checksum: 3ed46fe4510f5360ed0ab60012235df1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-20T17:34:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_ArielaSimoni_VF2_2018.pdf: 2154592 bytes, checksum: 3ed46fe4510f5360ed0ab60012235df1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-14 / No âmbito das atividades políticas corporativas (CPA) com auxílio das variáveis de recursos, rotina e capacidades da Teoria da Visão Baseada em Recursos (RBV), esta pesquisa pretendeu analisar como as atividades políticas corporativas de Lobby das empresas são realizadas em ambientes de mudanças políticas. O Lobby é uma das táticas mais utilizadas de CPA. Estudos que visam a compreensão por intermédio de fatores econômicos e de outras naturezas são de suma importância na explicação da variação dentro de um determinado sistema, porém, raramente levam em consideração o ambiente político doméstico de um país (YADAV, 2008). O contexto de imprevisibilidade gera incertezas a respeito do ambiente no qual implementa-se a tática de Lobby e diminui a capacidade de previsão de cenários. A consequência disso é a possibilidade de redução da vantagem competitiva das firmas as quais se engajam em estratégias de não mercado. Além disso, ambientes de mudanças políticas caracterizam-se por trocas de executivos no poder provenientes de eleições nacionais (YASUDA; MITSUHASHI, 2017) ou por impedimento em completar o mandato governamental. O cenário político e econômico do ano de 2016 no Brasil serviu como laboratório para o estudo, na medida em que apresenta características do ambiente de mudanças políticas necessárias à pesquisa. Por intermédio de uma pesquisa qualitativa positivista com triangulação de dados primários – obtidos por meio de entrevistas – e secundários – principalmente para entendimento do ambiente político, a pesquisa justifica-se pela importância no aprofundamento da compreensão do fenômeno. / In the scope of corporate policy activities (CPA) aided by resource variables, routine and resource-based capabilities (RBV), this research aimed to analyze how corporate lobbying activities are carried out in politically changing environments. Lobby is one of CPA's most commonly used tactics. Studies that aim at understanding through economic and other factors are indeed important in explaining variation within a given system, but rarely take into account a country's domestic political environment (YADAV, 2008). The context of unpredictability creates uncertainties about the environment in which lobby tactic is implemented and reduces the predictability of scenarios. The consequence of this is the possibility of diminishing the competitive advantage of companies that engage in non-market strategies. In addition, politically changing environments are characterized by exchanges of power executives from national elections (YASUDA; MITSUHASHI, 2017) or by impediment in completing the government mandate. The political and economic scenario of 2016 in Brazil served as a laboratory for the study, as it presents characteristics of the environment of political changes demanded for the research. Through a qualitative positivist research with triangulation of primary data - obtained through interviews - and secondary data - mainly for understanding the political environment, the research is justified by the importance of deeper understanding of the phenomenon.

在美國，會計師接受非大眾個體之委託，從事財務報表的編製或檢討服務時，必須依 照美國會計師協會下之會計及檢討服務委員會所發佈之會計及檢討服務準則聲明辦理 。本研究僅限於次級資料的歸納，整理及分析，以敘述性的方式進行，旨在研究有關 會計及檢討服務準則之歷史發展過程、準則之內容規定及會計師承擔之責任，俾供國 內制定類似準則之參考。 本論文計六萬餘字訂為一冊，分五章二十一節。各章主題如下：第一章緒論，說明研 究動機、目的、範圍、方法與限制等；第二章會計師編製及檢討財務報表準則之歷史 發展過程；第三章會計師編製及檢討財務報表準則；第四章會計師編製及檢討財務報 表之責任；第五章彙總及建議。