This study will examine the works of a writer whose style is radically different from that of his contemporaries,who owes little to writers who came before him, and one who, although he had considerable influence on those who came after, had so individual a manner of writing that he seems to be unique in American letters.

This thesis presents four categories of form basic to all of Stephen Crane's poetry: antiphons, apologues, emblems, and testaments. A survey of previous shortcomings in the critical acceptance of Crane as a poet leads into reasons why the categorization of form here helps to alleviate some of those problems. The body of the thesis consists of four chapters, one for each basic form. Each form is defined and explained, exemplary poems in each category are explicated, and specifics are given as to what makes one poem better than the next. The thesis ends with an elevation of Crane's worth as a poet and a confirmation of the merits of this new categorization of form.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 1995. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [276]-292).

Diss. Upps. phil. / Essays and studies on American language and literature, 9.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Santa Cruz, 2000. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 207-228).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2005. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Kwok, Yat Kam. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 105-109). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / 論文摘要 --- p.iii / Acknowledgments --- p.iv / Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter One: --- A Romantic Poet with a Roving Vision: Walt Whitman's Poems --- p.20 / Chapter Chapter Two: --- A Medley of Images: Stephen Crane's Youthful War --- p.45 / Chapter Chapter Three: --- Survivors under Siege: Ambrose Bierce's Modern War --- p.71 / Conclusion --- p.100 / Works Cited --- p.105

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2004-08-17Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:18:28Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ferreira_frr_me_assis.pdf: 1471651 bytes, checksum: bd5f3120db973d10a8afa75cfb12ca4f (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo fazer uma análise descritiva de três traduções para o português do romance The Red Badge of Courage, do escritor norte-americano Stephen Crane, a fim de verificar qual tradução evidencia uma correspondência estilística com o texto de partida. O capítulo 1 trata da vida do autor e de sua obra, situando-a em seu contexto histórico-literário, e de um breve estudo sobre as diversas obras e artigos que se dedicam à análise do livro em questão.O segundo capítulo discorre sobre a teoria da tradução e o problema do estilo na mesma. Esta pesquisa procura seguir a proposta de Aubert (1998) e de Barbosa (1990) no que diz respeito às modalidades (ou procedimentos) de tradução; o estudo das diferenças existentes entre os planos de representação lingüística de Vinay e Darbelnet (1995); e a tensão existente entre tradução literal e tradução livre. O capítulo 3 discorre sobre o movimento impressionista na pintura e suas influências na literatura e, portanto, em The Red Badge of Courage. O quarto capítulo trata da descrição e análise das traduções da referida obra, apontando as modalidades de tradução aplicadas aos textos, observando as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos tradutores, bem como as soluções por eles encontradas a fim de manterem o sentido do original e recriarem a forma do texto língua de partida. / The present work aims at a descriptive analysis of three translations into Portuguese of The Red Badge of Courage, by the American Stephen Crane, in order to find out which translation conveys a stylistic correspondence with the source text. Chapter 1 deals with the author's life and work, putting The Red Badge of Courage in its literary-historical context, and with a brief study about the several books and articles that contribute themselves to the analysis of The Red Badge of Courage. The second chapter is about the theory of translation and the problem of style in it. This research attempts to follow Aubert's (1998) and Barbosa's (1990) proposals regarding the procedures of translation; the study of differences between the concrete and abstract levels of expression by Vinay & Darbelnet (1995); and also the tension between literal and free translation. Chapter 3 discourses on Impressionism in painting and its influence on literature and therefore on The Red Badge of Courage. The fourth chapter deals with the description and analysis of excerpts of the above-mentioned book, pointing out the procedures of translation employed in the texts, noticing the difficulties faced by the translators, as well as the solutions they found in order to keep the original meaning and to recreate the form of the source text.

This composition is a single-movement work for three choirs and full orchestra, including celesta, piano, and four percussionists. Total duration is fifteen minutes. The music is divided into six sections, with the overall form being substantially influenced by the structure of the poem, War Is Kind, by Stephen Crane (1871-1900). Many devices are utilized to contrast tension and relaxation, as associated with ironic elements of the text, with repetition and development of musical elements and motives providing unity for the entire work.

This dissertation examines American attitudes towards death from the colonial era to the end of the nineteenth century. I begin with a close analysis of the thanatology of the Congregational church in New England, before demonstrating the lasting influence of Puritan thought on three later writers: Jonathan Edwards, Henry David Thoreau and Stephen Crane. In contrast to purely cultural studies of mortality in America (including those by Phillipe Ariès, David Stannard and Michael Steiner), my investigation discusses the philosophical difficulties that obstruct any attempt to speak about death. Building on Jacques Derrida’s work in Aporias (1993), I identify three logical impasses that interrupt Puritan writing on mortality: the indeterminacy, singularity and finality of death. While Edwards, Thoreau and Crane write in different circumstances and diverse genres, I argue that they are sensitive to these same three aporias when they discuss death. In this regard, they resist a broader post-Puritan tendency (in both scientific and sentimental texts) to minimize the uncertainties surrounding human mortality and approach death as a universal (rather than radically singular) phenomenon. While my study situates each of its authors in the cultural and intellectual contexts in which they worked, it also challenges the notion that it is possible to write a history of death. Speaking strictly, mankind’s relationship to death can never change. It is always, in fact, a non-relation. The very idea of death destabilizes our most fundamental historical and literary assumptions. Accordingly, my second chapter uses a deconstruction of Edwards’ theory of revivalism to argue that the New-England awakenings of the eighteenth century expressed the converts’ desire to renounce responsibility for their souls, rather than accept it. In my third chapter, I argue that those writings in which Thoreau registers what might seem to be a nihilistic fascination with dead and decaying bodies in fact express a sentimental desire for a peaceful death. Chapter four reads Stephen Crane’s poetry, fiction and journalism in the context of his Calvinist heritage, breaking down the distinction between his textual play with the concept of death and the Puritans’ “serious” attempts to come to terms with mortality.