Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-11T02:34:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000470210-Texto+Parcial-0.pdf: 98850 bytes, checksum: 49920d8b36ea1b1ecce2ec4dbdac2d7a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / This thesis is intended to bring to the academic reality the discussion about major social interest themes, namely, psychopathy and serial killers. The criminal profiling technique and the victim perspective through the introduction of aspects of victimology are approached. Initially, the origin of the concept of psychopathy is explained, as well as the factors that contribute to its emergence. Then, the most reliable instrument to identify traits of psychopathy, the PCL-R, is presented, the same way as the main features of a psychopath and his relation with violence. The academic debate proceeds with the approach of the existing confusion between the concepts of psychopathy and antisocial personality disorder, which creates disagreements even among professionals in the field of mental health. About the serial killers, the concept of a serial crime, the typologies of its perpetrators and the misconception that females don’t engage in committing this type of felony are exposed. The aim is to demonstrate that not only psychopathy can be a part of the serial killers personality, but also several paraphilic disorders, which are responsible for their preferences (making the victim suffer, attack only children, etc. ). In order to identify these criminals came the criminal profiling technique, criticized due to the subjectivity that demands, which is discussed along with the contribution that other fields of knowledge pay to it. Ultimately, the role of the victim is analyzed, as well as the need to adopt policies to help her overcome the trauma, contradicting the current perspective, in which the efforts focus on the criminal. / Esta dissertação tem o propósito de trazer para a realidade acadêmica a discussão acerca de temas de grande interesse social, quais sejam, a psicopatia e os assassinos em série, abordando a técnica do perfil criminal e a perspectiva da vítima através da introdução de aspectos sobre a Vitimologia. Inicialmente, explicase a origem do conceito de psicopatia e os fatores que contribuem para o seu surgimento. Em seguida, apresenta-se o PCL-R, instrumento de maior confiabilidade para a identificação de traços de psicopatia, os principais traços presentes em um psicopata e a sua relação com a violência. O debate acadêmico prossegue com a abordagem da confusão existente entre os conceitos de psicopatia e transtorno de personalidade antissocial, a qual gera divergências inclusive entre os profissionais da área da saúde mental. Sobre os assassinos em série são expostos o conceito de crime em série, as classificações de seus agentes e a equivocada concepção de que o sexo feminino não se engaja no cometimento de tal tipo de delito. Procura-se demonstrar que não somente a psicopatia pode integrar a personalidade dos serial killers, mas também diversos transtornos parafílicos, sendo os responsáveis pelas suas preferências (fazer a vítima sofrer, vitimar apenas crianças, etc. ). Possuindo como objetivo identificar tais criminosos surgiu a técnica do perfil criminal, criticada devido à subjetividade que demanda, fato sobre o qual se discorre juntamente com a contribuição que à elaboração do perfil prestam outras áreas do conhecimento. Por fim, é analisado o papel da vítima no crime cometido, bem como a necessidade da adoção de políticas que visem a auxiliá-la a superar o trauma sofrido, contrariando a perspectiva atual, na qual os esforços se concentram no criminoso.

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-07T18:43:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000449147-Texto+Parcial-0.pdf: 103679 bytes, checksum: 2b4ac9f7db6864471b3114ea53fd00dc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / This dissertation was based on interdisciplinary review and analysis of offenses committed by the elderly, through a literature research and case studies from the estate court São Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul. Firstly itself by first current population aging and its prospects for the future highlighting need for further development in respect of offenses in question before increase in the number of elderly and their likely impact on offenses they committed. The statistics back progressive increase in the number of elderly prisoners. We searched what offenses were commonly committed by elderley describing and analyzing each case in order to understand the reasons that took them to commit such crimes and that the penalty applied and the same is different because of the age of agent. Strengthening this line study on the subject were presented after some important considerations about aging the conditions for the application nonimputability these criminal cases followed by approaches to the treatment of the elderly in criminal law. Only after these measures these are the offenses committed by elderly and then complete the research by exposing the possible policies to be applied in such cases. The dissertation is connected to the search "Criminology and Social Control" area of concentration "System and Criminal Violence" Program of Graduate Studies in Criminal Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul under the guidance of Doctor Alfredo Neto Cataldo. The interdisciplinary approach is essential because it was necessary to study gerontology marked by this aspect and understandings medical psychological and sociological inherent theme. / A presente dissertação baseia-se no estudo interdisciplinar e na análise de crimes cometidos por idosos, através de pesquisa bibliográfica e estudo de casos oriundos da jurisprudência do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo e do Rio Grande do Sul. Retrata-se por primeiro o envelhecimento populacional atual e suas perspectivas para o futuro, evidenciando a necessidade de um aprofundamento a respeito dos crimes em questão diante do aumento do número de idosos e de sua provável repercussão nos crimes por eles cometidos. As estatísticas retratam um aumento progressivo na quantidade de idosos encarcerados. Foram pesquisados quais os crimes comumente são cometidos por idosos, descrevendo e analisando cada caso com o intuito de compreender quais os motivos que os levam a cometer tais crimes, bem como qual a penalidade aplicada a eles, e se a mesma é diferenciada em razão da idade do agente. Alicerçando o estudo sobre o assunto, foram apresentadas, após algumas importantes considerações sobre o envelhecimento, as condições para a aplicação da inimputabilidade penal nesses casos, seguida de abordagens sobre o tratamento do idoso no direito penal. Somente após essas disposições, trata-se dos crimes cometidos por idosos, para em seguida concluir o trabalho expondo as possíveis políticas públicas a serem aplicadas nesses casos.A dissertação está vinculada à linha de pesquisa de “Criminologia e Controle Social”, da área de concentração “Sistema Penal e Violência” do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Criminais da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, sob a orientação do Prof. Dr. Alfredo Cataldo Neto. A interdisciplinaridade é indispensável no presente trabalho, pois se fez necessário o estudo da gerontologia, marcada por este aspecto, além de compreensões médicas, psíquicas e sociológicas inerentes ao tema.

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-07T18:43:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000421288-Texto+Parcial-0.pdf: 176540 bytes, checksum: 44c237b66fb7aee6e2427f5f5a59b3eb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / 21st century has suffered great changes as a consequence of the advance in information technologies. The extensive use of informatics resources (such as computers, fiber optics networks, wireless technologies) has allowed the global society large data gathering and sharing. Among the new technologies brought by this development, it is the internet, global computer (and people) communication network. The internet allows a great quantity of data to be transmitted between different places on planet earth in a small time, making it easier for people to communicate and to connect. The internet, initially an academic research instrument, has become the greatest communication and data transmission instrument of the 21th century. Trying to override the seeming absence of interdisciplinary relationship between Law, Informatics and Information Technology, this research tries to understand how the internet, primarily a new communication technology, can be used as an instrument and environment for harmful acts. This research aims to identify and comprehend what are the limits and the perspectives to the Brazilian police investigation of cybercrimes committed trough the internet. The originality of the subject brought here results from the union, in a same study, of different and distant fields of knowledge, such as Law and Informatics. The following research, developed between 2008 and 2009 in the Criminal Science Post-Graduation Program of Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, is linked to the concentration area circunscripted by the Violence and Criminal Systems subject, which justifies the basic fields of studies on Criminal Science, contemplating the analysis and comprehension of social life in its most fundamental aspects. Inside this concentration area, the research follows the research line of Contemporary Criminal-Juridical Systems, which aims, through a contemporary critical-dogmatic analysis of Criminal Law and Criminal Procedural Law, to verify its fundamental theoretical basis and to analyze different violations/protections of human rights. / O século XXI sofre(u) profundas transformações em razão do avanço da tecnologia da informação. A crescente utilização de recursos informáticos (computadores, redes de fibra óptica, tecnologia wireless, etc. ) tem permitido a coleta e o compartilhamento de dados em larga escala à coletividade global. Dentre as novidades tecnológicas oriundas desse desenvolvimento, encontra-se a internet – rede global de comunicação entre computadores (e pessoas). A internet permite a transmissão de grande quantidade de informações, entre diferentes partes do planeta, em um curto espaço de tempo, facilitando, por conseguinte, a comunicação e o relacionamento entre as pessoas. A internet, inicialmente ligada às pesquisas acadêmicas, tornou-se o grande instrumento de comunicação e transmissão de dados e informações do século XXI. Em busca da superação de aparente ausência de interdisciplinaridade entre Direito, Informática e Tecnologia da Informação, esta pesquisa tenta compreender como a internet, em princípio um novo meio de comunicação, pode ser utilizada para a prática de condutas danosas. Busca-se identificar e compreender quais são os limites e as perspectivas existentes para a investigação preliminar policial brasileira de cibercrimes cometidos por meio da internet. A presente pesquisa, desenvolvida entre 2008 e 2009 no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Criminais (Mestrado) da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, vincula-se à área de concentração circunscrita pela temática Sistema Penal e Violência, a qual fundamenta os campos básicos de reflexão das Ciências Criminais, contemplando a análise e a compreensão da vida em sociedade em seus aspectos mais fundamentais. Dentro desta área de concentração, segue-se a linha de pesquisa dos Sistemas Jurídico-Penais Contemporâneos, a qual busca, a partir de uma análise crítica-dogmática contemporânea do Direito Penal e Processual Penal, verificar suas bases teóricas fundantes e analisar as diferentes formas de violação/proteção dos direitos da pessoa humana.

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-07T18:44:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000430716-Texto+Parcial-0.pdf: 119308 bytes, checksum: e490ca54502077310b5afe216ac3d913 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Vinculada a la línea de pesquisa sistemas jurídico-penales contemporáneos, del programa de pos grado en ciencias criminales – Maestría – de PUC/RS, la presente investigación tiene por objeto los crímenes de peligro concreto. Reconociendo que el progreso tecnológico y la incesante búsqueda por la seguridad contribuyen para la proliferación de los crímenes de peligro, la investigación en cuestión, asumiendo una comprensión onto-antropológica del derecho penal y admitiendo la ofensividad como requisito común a todas las especies delictivas, procura establecer los elementos que permitan llegar a una noción de peligro materialmente valida, en la perspectiva del derecho penal. Se visa, además, a definir los rasgos caracterizadores y los criterios de acertamiento de los crímenes de peligro concreto y de su perspectiva forma de ofensa, la ofensa de concreto poner-en-peligro. spa / Vinculada à linha de pesquisa sistemas jurídico-penais contemporâneos, do programa de pós-graduação em ciências criminais – Mestrado – da PUC/RS, o presente trabalho tem por objeto os crimes de perigo concreto. Reconhecendo que o progresso tecnológico e a incessante busca pela segurança contribuem para a proliferação dos crimes de perigo, a investigação em questão, assumindo uma compreensão onto-antropológica do direito penal e admitindo a ofensividade como requisito comum a todas as espécies delitivas, busca estabelecer os elementos que permitem chegar a uma noção de perigo materialmente válida, na perspectiva do direito penal. Visa-se, ademais, a definir os traços caracterizadores e os critérios de acertamento dos crimes de perigo concreto e da sua respectiva forma de ofensa, a ofensa de concreto pôr-em-perigo.

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Submitted by Isaac Francisco de Souza Dias (isaac.souzadias@ufpe.br) on 2016-07-14T19:08:23Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação - Crimes de Perigo Abstrato.pdf: 1288314 bytes, checksum: 79d1f5e812aeeb7243201d1e6727dde3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-14T19:08:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação - Crimes de Perigo Abstrato.pdf: 1288314 bytes, checksum: 79d1f5e812aeeb7243201d1e6727dde3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-16 / CAPES / O surgimento e o desenvolvimento dos conceitos jurídicos relacionam-se ao modo de organização da sociedade, ao contexto histórico e social em que são elaborados e utilizados. Nesse sentido, o Direito Penal tem passado por mudanças paradigmáticas relacionadas ao próprio momento histórico que vivencia, em uma sociedade identificada como de risco, marcada por crescentes avanços tecnológico-científicos, mercados econômicos globalizados e velocidade de informação que tem como contrapartida a criação de novos riscos. Emerge, assim, uma crescente demanda por uma maior interferência do Direito Penal em novas searas, repercutindo no discurso político, nas construções legislativas e nas atividades fiscalizatórias. Na tentativa de responder aos anseios de controle dos novos riscos, o legislador tem utilizado mecanismos que melhor se adaptem à complexidade e à dinamicidade dessas situações, dos seus efeitos e da rapidez com que surgem novas manifestações de perigo. Nessa problemática, a técnica de tipificação de crimes de perigo abstrato constitui o núcleo central do Direito Penal do risco, sendo excessivamente utilizada em razão do alto potencial lesivo de algumas condutas, ligadas à proliferação dos novos riscos. É crescente a visão de impossibilidade de uma exclusão total dessas construções legislativas, tornando-se importante analisar os modelos de fundamentação propostos pela doutrina penal para legitimação desses tipos, através da eleição de balizas mínimas de interpretação, prescindindo de alterações legislativas. / The advent and development of legal concepts are related to the society’s organization, the historical and social context in which they are elaborated and utilized. Thereby, Criminal Law has been facing paradigmatic changes related to the current historical moment, a society of risk, marked by scientific and technological development, globalized market economy and speed of information, having, in contrast, the creation of new risks. Emerge an increasing demand for a largest interference of Criminal Law in new areas, reflected on the political discourse, in legislatives constructions and regulatory activities. In attempt to respond to the control expectations of the new risks, the legislator has been using mechanisms to better adjust the complexity and dynamic characteristics of the situation, their effects and the rapid pace in which news danger manifestations occur. Thereby, the crimes of abstract endangerment technique constitute the center of the Criminal Law and the risk society, being excessively utilized due to the high risk potential of certain behaviors, related to the multiplication of new risks. It is becoming impossible to admit a total exclusion of those legislative constructions, therefore, it is important to analyze the reasoning models proposed by the criminal doctrine to legitimize those intervention, through the selection of minimal interpretation standards, without legislative changes.

M.Com. (Computer Auditing) / Fraud is a major problem in South Africa and the world and organisations lose millions each year to fraud not being detected. Organisations can deal with the fraud that is known to them, but undetected fraud is a problem. There is a need for management, external- and internal auditors to detect fraud within an organisation. There is a further need for an integrated fraud detection model to assist managers and auditors to detect fraud. A literature study was done of authoritative textbooks and other literature on fraud detection and data mining, including the Knowledge Discovery Process in databases and a model was developed that will assist the manager and auditor to detect fraud in an organisation by using a technology called data mining which makes the process of fraud detection more efficient and effective.

D.Litt. et Phil. (Philosophy) / With unsettling regularity the media reports about people from previously advantaged communities who commit acts of fraud in the workplace. From the above the following question arose. "Why do people from previously advantaged communities commit acts of fraud?" To try and kind an answer to this question interviews were conducted with people from previously advantaged communities to try and determine why they broke the law in this fashion. Two themes of note emerged from the transcribed interviews namely, motivation and justification with their subsequent categories and subcategories. The need to address this escalating problem is of paramount importance. The question now arises, "Which approach will be most suitable to address this problem?" Much research has centred upon managing the consequences of fraud rather than preventing it. This study proposes an approach that would prevent acts of fraud occurring in the workplace, rather than managing the consequences thereof. An educational approach is proposed to try and help prevent the escalation of such criminal acts. One can ask why an educational approach is proposed when the tusk of the educator lies basically within the academic sphere of the child's development only? The literature study undertaken for this research yielded a number of reasons as to why an educational approach may be the answer.

M.A. / A sample population of nine men arrested in Johannesburg, for killing their female partners (former spouse or girlfriend) is analyzed in the context of their killings. The analysis approaches homicide as a Public Health problem and a preventable phenomenon. The analysis proceeds from Public Health and Bulhanian theoretical perspectives. These theories emphasize the relationship and interplay between the social, political, psychological and economic environments and the overall effect they have on individual processes. By contextualising the homicide event into pre-event, event and post-event categories, the study is able to identify risk factors which played a role in the homicide act. The tool of analysis employed in the service of this study is called the Haddon Matrix and is widely used in the Public Health domain as a means of identifying and considering, section by section, the risk factors associated with the injury, the relevant research and other knowledge available and what is needed for the future and the priorities for countermeasures. Analysis includes demographic and social characteristics of the perpetrator and the incident. The results indicate problems in education, communication and the concept of the nuclear family. In the Public Health-Bulhanian sense, the results indicate that the homicide incident originates and occurs within the context of the prevailing conditions of social structural constraint, in the experienced psychological strain of individuals and in the prevailing threshold of social tolerance. The lack of basic human needs, such as professional help, for example, is an indication of the impact that the cumulative effect of social structural constraint has on the family's health. The study also found that individuals experience trauma and pain in a context where objective social conditions affect the rights and privileges of individuals and there is a strain being created on the subjective world of perception, feeling and meaning. It is this wealth of information on the trauma points which presents opportunities for prevention. Among the proposed areas for interventions are: Change individual knowledge, skills or attitudes, such as conflict resolution education, for example. Change social environments, such as better housing, economic incentives for family stability and counselling centres. Change physical environments and agents of violence, such as the availability of dangerous weapons and the increased policing of high risk areas, for example. In conclusion, the study aspires to enrich existing debate in the area of homicide as a Public Health issue.

This study shows that cyber crime is a recent addition to the list of crimes that can adversely affect businesses directly of indirectly. This phenomenon was not directly prosecutable in South Africa until the enactment of the ECT Act in July 2002. However this Act also prevents businesses to fully prosecute a hacker due to incompleteness. Any kind of commercially related crime can be duplicated as cyber crime. Therefore very little research appears or has been documented about cyber crime in South African companies before 2003.11.21 The motivation to do this study was that businesses often loose millions in cyber attacks, not necessarily through direct theft but by the loss of service and damage to the image of the company. Most of the companies that were approached for interviews on cyber crime were reluctant to share the fact that they were hacked or that cyber crime occurred at their company as it violates their security policies and may expose their fragile security platforms. The purpose of this study was to attempt to get an overall view on how South African businesses are affected by cyber crime in the banking and short term insurance sector of the South African industry and also to determine what legislation exist in this country to protect them. The case study approach was used to determine the affect of cyber crime on businesses like banks and insurance companies. Each case was interviewed, monitored and was observed over a period of a year. This study discloses the evaluation of the results of how cyber crime affected the cases, which were part of this study. The banks felt that they were at an increased risk both externally and internally, which is likely to increase as the migration towards electronic commerce occurs. The insurance industry felt that they are not yet affected by external cyber crime attacks in this country.