Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T17:21:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 27 / Nenhuma / Tem-se observado, tanto no campo prático como no científico, uma tentativa de readequação das políticas criminais, tentativa esta motivada pelas novas modalidades delitivas, em especial, a criminalidade organizada, o tráfico de entorpecentes, os crimes econômicos e, é claro, o terrorismo. Na busca por uma melhor adequação dos mecanismos de proteção, surge a necessidade de se repensar conceitos basilares das ciências criminais. É justamente a partir desses estudos que surge a proposta de um direito penal parcial, mais enérgico e mais rápido, alicerçada na possibilidade de se flexibilizarem as garantias fundamentais – de cunho material ou processual – dos infratores, nos delitos cujos resultados tenham como característica a colocação em risco das estruturas sociais. A Teoria parte do princípio que estes agentes, mediante tais condutas, estariam se rebelando contra o Estado, o que acarretaria em uma negação à sua condição de cidadão. Diante disso, estaria esse mesmo Estado legitimado a tratá-los como inimigos. N / It has been observed, as much in practical field as in the scientific one, an attempt to readequate the criminal politics, this attempt is motivated by the new criminal modalities, in special, organized crime, narcotic traffic, economical crimes, and of course, terrorism. In quest for a better adequacy of the protection mechanisms, it seens to be necessary rethink the fundamental concepts of criminal sciences. Based in these studies rises the propose of one partial criminal law, more energetic and faster, based in the possibility of a flexibility of fundamental guarantees –material and process substance - of infractors, in delicts whose results has as characteristic put the social structures in risk. The Theory starts from the principle that this agents, through this conduct, would be rebelling them selves against the State, that could result in a negation to be citizen condition. Ahead to this, would this very State legitimated to treat them as enemy. In this context, the present investigation, using a “semi

No contexto dos processos de democratização do continente latino-americano, que ocorreram paralelamente a uma crise do sistema judicial e ao aumento da criminalidade, Brasil e Argentina promoveram significativas alterações legislativas no âmbito da justiça penal, com a criminalização de novas condutas, a criação de mecanismos informais para o processamento de delitos de menor potencial ofensivo e o aumento das penas e a relativização de garantias processuais para determinados delitos. O presente trabalho visa identificar nesse conjunto de movimentos de política criminal a emergência de um novo modelo de controle penal em países situados no contexto da modernidade periférica. Pretendeu-se realizar um estudo das reformas legislativas em matéria penal que tiveram lugar no Brasil e na Argentina durante a última década, a fim de compor um panorama dos movimentos de política criminal que estiveram por trás do contedo das reformas legais mais significativas' identificar sua especificidade em relação a períodos anteriores e apontar os aspectos mais relevantes que indicassem o sentido dos movimentos de reforma em curso. Constatou-se, entre outras, uma tendencia à expansão e à desformalização do direito penal, como recurso na maioria das vezes meramente simbólico para o enfrentamento de problemas sociais cada vez mais complexos e desafiadores para as estruturas do Estado moderno. / In the context of the processes of democratization of the Latin-American continent, that happened parallel to a crisis of the judicial system and the increase of the criminality, Brazil and Argentina promoted significant legislative alterations in the extent of the penal justice, with the criminalization of new conducts, the creation of informal mechanisms for the processing of offensive potential minor crimes and the increase of the feathers and the relativization of procedural warranties for certain crimes. The present work seeks to identify in that group of movements of criminal politics the emergency of a new model of penal control in located countries in the context of the outlying modernity. It intended to accomplish a study of the legislative reforms in penal matter that had room in Brazil and in Argentina during the last decade, in order to compose a framework of the movements of criminal politics that were behind the content of the more significant legal reforms, to identify its especificity in relation to previous periods and to point the most relevant aspects that indicated the sense of the reform movements in course. It was verified, among other, a tendency to the expansion and the deformalization of the penal law, as a resource most of the time merely symbolic for face up to the social problems more and more complex and challenging for the structures of the modern State.

No contexto dos processos de democratização do continente latino-americano, que ocorreram paralelamente a uma crise do sistema judicial e ao aumento da criminalidade, Brasil e Argentina promoveram significativas alterações legislativas no âmbito da justiça penal, com a criminalização de novas condutas, a criação de mecanismos informais para o processamento de delitos de menor potencial ofensivo e o aumento das penas e a relativização de garantias processuais para determinados delitos. O presente trabalho visa identificar nesse conjunto de movimentos de política criminal a emergência de um novo modelo de controle penal em países situados no contexto da modernidade periférica. Pretendeu-se realizar um estudo das reformas legislativas em matéria penal que tiveram lugar no Brasil e na Argentina durante a última década, a fim de compor um panorama dos movimentos de política criminal que estiveram por trás do contedo das reformas legais mais significativas' identificar sua especificidade em relação a períodos anteriores e apontar os aspectos mais relevantes que indicassem o sentido dos movimentos de reforma em curso. Constatou-se, entre outras, uma tendencia à expansão e à desformalização do direito penal, como recurso na maioria das vezes meramente simbólico para o enfrentamento de problemas sociais cada vez mais complexos e desafiadores para as estruturas do Estado moderno. / In the context of the processes of democratization of the Latin-American continent, that happened parallel to a crisis of the judicial system and the increase of the criminality, Brazil and Argentina promoted significant legislative alterations in the extent of the penal justice, with the criminalization of new conducts, the creation of informal mechanisms for the processing of offensive potential minor crimes and the increase of the feathers and the relativization of procedural warranties for certain crimes. The present work seeks to identify in that group of movements of criminal politics the emergency of a new model of penal control in located countries in the context of the outlying modernity. It intended to accomplish a study of the legislative reforms in penal matter that had room in Brazil and in Argentina during the last decade, in order to compose a framework of the movements of criminal politics that were behind the content of the more significant legal reforms, to identify its especificity in relation to previous periods and to point the most relevant aspects that indicated the sense of the reform movements in course. It was verified, among other, a tendency to the expansion and the deformalization of the penal law, as a resource most of the time merely symbolic for face up to the social problems more and more complex and challenging for the structures of the modern State.

No contexto dos processos de democratização do continente latino-americano, que ocorreram paralelamente a uma crise do sistema judicial e ao aumento da criminalidade, Brasil e Argentina promoveram significativas alterações legislativas no âmbito da justiça penal, com a criminalização de novas condutas, a criação de mecanismos informais para o processamento de delitos de menor potencial ofensivo e o aumento das penas e a relativização de garantias processuais para determinados delitos. O presente trabalho visa identificar nesse conjunto de movimentos de política criminal a emergência de um novo modelo de controle penal em países situados no contexto da modernidade periférica. Pretendeu-se realizar um estudo das reformas legislativas em matéria penal que tiveram lugar no Brasil e na Argentina durante a última década, a fim de compor um panorama dos movimentos de política criminal que estiveram por trás do contedo das reformas legais mais significativas' identificar sua especificidade em relação a períodos anteriores e apontar os aspectos mais relevantes que indicassem o sentido dos movimentos de reforma em curso. Constatou-se, entre outras, uma tendencia à expansão e à desformalização do direito penal, como recurso na maioria das vezes meramente simbólico para o enfrentamento de problemas sociais cada vez mais complexos e desafiadores para as estruturas do Estado moderno. / In the context of the processes of democratization of the Latin-American continent, that happened parallel to a crisis of the judicial system and the increase of the criminality, Brazil and Argentina promoted significant legislative alterations in the extent of the penal justice, with the criminalization of new conducts, the creation of informal mechanisms for the processing of offensive potential minor crimes and the increase of the feathers and the relativization of procedural warranties for certain crimes. The present work seeks to identify in that group of movements of criminal politics the emergency of a new model of penal control in located countries in the context of the outlying modernity. It intended to accomplish a study of the legislative reforms in penal matter that had room in Brazil and in Argentina during the last decade, in order to compose a framework of the movements of criminal politics that were behind the content of the more significant legal reforms, to identify its especificity in relation to previous periods and to point the most relevant aspects that indicated the sense of the reform movements in course. It was verified, among other, a tendency to the expansion and the deformalization of the penal law, as a resource most of the time merely symbolic for face up to the social problems more and more complex and challenging for the structures of the modern State.

The first accurate observations of street gangs in Finland were made by the police in 2021. Currently, the Police of Finland have identified 350 individuals who are involved in street gangs with 150 individuals having a central role in the gangs. The emergence of street gangs has led to intensified debate in relation to the issue. Discussion and debate have also emerged within the realm of politics, as violence by street gangs has been considered to be a threat to public safety. The aim of this study was to explore how the issue of street gangs is discussed in the debate by the Parliament of Finland. The material is from the years 2021 – 2023 and consists of written questions and oral questions by politicians, as well as an interpellation. The material from the Parliament was analyzed using thematic analysis to be able to identify central themes in the debate. The key findings are that the politicians in Finland acknowledge that the issue has escalated, and action must be taken to prevent further escalation. Causes of the problem as well as possible measures for the purpose of prevention are also discussed. Comprehensive welfare is considered to be the cornerstone of criminal policy in Finland, as it is expected to result in decreasing crime rates. Results of this study, however, indicate that the debate around street gangs in Finland is to some extent led by ideological perceptions. Polarization of the perception of "us" and "them" seems to be particularly prominent within parliamentary debate concerning street gangs in Finland.