Informe de Seminario para optar al grado de Licenciado en Lengua y Literatura Hispánica mención Literatura / [...] Ahora bien, la intención de este informe no es referir este amplio marco de estudio, sino centrarnos en una de sus manifestaciones más representativas durante el siglo XVIII, el Robinson Crusoe , escrito y publicado el año 1719 por Daniel Defoe en Inglaterra. La imagen del náufrago inglés es hoy casi universal, dada la fuerza de la metáfora de la sobrevivencia del hombre solo en una isla. Sin embargo, la lectura atenta de la novela y la investigación en torno a ella, han ido revelando cada vez con mayor detalle múltiples elementos dentro de ésta, que permiten identificar ciertas problemáticas que aquí queremos abordar. La primera motivación que fundamenta esta investigación es la de reconocer la obra de Daniel Defoe en un contexto de producción y dilucidar las redes que conectan al texto y su época. Sin embargo, esta resultaría una tarea demasiado extensa, dado que las posibilidades son múltiples: relación con un contexto religioso, relación con un contexto político, relación con un contexto social, económico, filosófico o incluso estrictamente literario. Pero la mejor solución para enfrentar este primer problema es simple: ceñirse a lo que la misma obra dice, a los elementos de la realidad que ésta desarrolla. Y el reconocimiento de estos, es el reconocimiento de la focalización. Los diccionarios de retórica consultados definen ésta fundamentalmente como el punto de vista desde el cual se narra. Ese es entonces nuestro primer objetivo: ¿quién y cómo narra Robinson Crusoe? ¿De qué herramientas se vale para ello? ¿Qué cosas son las que priman en esta relación? ¿Cómo se construye la perspectiva narrativa y de enunciación en la obra de Defoe?

Themes of authorship in Aphra Behn's Oroonoko and Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe highlight locations in the stories that expose the author's concerns with their responsibilities and contributions to society. In order to frame a discussion of authorship in Oroonoko and Robinson Crusoe, it is essential to position Behn and Crusoe as travelers who write autobiographies of their involvement in exotic circumstances. Oroonoko and Robinson Crusoe betray the tensions that arise from the barriers separating travel and colonial objectives, individual agency and social action. Although the stories may incorporate truth and fiction, writing enables the authors to present, with symbolic images, concerns with their participation in situations that hinder the free expression of their will. I refer to Aphra Behn and Daniel Defoe as "geographers" of writing because they identify tenuous boundaries that organize social views concerning gender, responsibility and behavior in contrast to individual desires. Aphra Behn's narrative role in Oroonoko charts the tragic outcomes of Oroonoko's rejection of slavery and also draws attention to the reception of a female author. Behn's identity as an author, as it is constructed within Oroonoko, is intertwined with the murder of a slave prince, and with a woman's freedom to write and publish in the 1680s. Although Defoe is the author of the text, he manipulates the presentation of the story to convince readers that Crusoe wrote an authentic account of his years as a castaway on an unnamed island. In his journal, Crusoe discusses his position in his culture and the resulting circumstances that result from his rejection of family and economic position in search of adventure. With limited resources, Crusoe uses writing to redefine his agency in contrast to the threats of the island and his responsibilities to God, family and society. Although there may be discrepancies that blur the "true" identity and involvement of the author in autobiography, these narratives raise discourses concerning the balance between the individual's desires and society's expectations for behavior. Attention to authorship identifies the discourses and contradictions faced by Behn's and Crusoe's participation in travel and the subsequent translation, resolution and apology enabled by authorship. / Graduation date: 2002

The aim of this investigation is to study the various cinematic and rhetorical strategies that Chilean filmmaker Patricio Guzmán uses to construct a complex image of the postdictatorial Chilean society. By analyzing three of his documentaries from the late 1990s and early 2000s (Chile, Obstinate Memory; The Pinochet Case and Island of Robinson Crusoe), I argue that Guzmán's cinematic images expose the challenges of constructing a collective memory of the 1973 coup in Chile and its aftermath. In an attempt to interrogate the social, political and economic dynamics of the Chilean transition to democracy that began in the year 1990, Guzmán's documentaries also explore the consequences of the Pinochet dictatorship (1973-1989) in the present. The historical conjuncture of postdictatorial Chile is connected to at least three geopolitical phenomenons: the Post-Cold War international arena formed after the dissolution of existent socialist regimes, the advent of neoliberalism as a transnational economic paradigm, and the struggle for global human rights. The documentaries of Patricio Guzmán are poetic responses to each of these geopolitical phenomenons that affect the constitution of the Chilean present. / Dissertation

In 1719, Daniel Defoe wrote his first fiction The Life and Strange Surprizing Adventures of Robinson Crusoe without knowing that the protagonist of the novel, Robinson Crusoe, would be liberated from his cultural matrix and deployed as a dominant economic metaphor with the advent of the so-called marginalist revolution in the second half of the nineteenth century. This thesis intends to: i) with reference to an habits of thought approach, unearth the institutional nature of the metamorphosis of Crusoe from a figure of the literary realm to the economic man of neoclassical economics, and ii) based on a rereading of Defoe&rsquo / s original text, offer an alternative reinterpretation which would turn upside down the prevalent presuppositions of neoclassical economics portraying an isolated, universal and axiomatically rational Crusoe. Accordingly, in this study, Crusoe is presented as a specific time- and space-bound human being preserving and perpetuating his institutionally forged character traits even during his sojourn on the &lsquo / institution-free&rsquo / uninhabited island / a methodological and expeditious man, whose rationality was based not on the fulfillment of axioms but on reasoning / and an entrepreneur aiming at economic development through innovation.

This thesis argues that all subjects are constructed through discourse or ideology and are incapable of acting or thinking outside the limits of that discursive or ideological construction. Based on Louis Althusser¡¦s theory, ¡§individuals are always-already subjects,¡¨ living in ¡§the system of the ideas and representations which dominate the mind of a man or a social group.¡¨ This Marxist notion serves as the point of departure for the thesis, which defines a subject¡¦s imaginary relation to the world. For Defoe and Swift, their ideological subjection to ¡§the system of the ideas and representations¡¨ is presented in their narratives, which relate the respective subject¡¦s imagination to the world in the eighteenth century. The first chapter begins with Ian Watt¡¦s critique of the eighteenth century individualism, which demands domestic alienation. It argues that if Gulliver¡¦s misanthropy loses its moral dimension, his domestic alienation is questionable. As Gulliver¡¦s counterpart, Crusoe bases his autonomy upon nonreciprocal human relationships, and his self-claimed omnipotence, under constant threats, is false and illusory. The second chapter modifies Helene Moglen¡¦s dualistic interpretation of Crusoe¡¦s consciousness and analyzes his internal contradictions from the perspective of Hegelian dialectics. The course of establishing the colonial hierarchy in Robinson Crusoe further exposes the dialectical reality of colonial tension and contradiction, which also lends itself to interpreting the triangular relationships among the Houyhnhnms, Gulliver, and the Yahoos in Gulliver¡¦s Travels. In the third chapter, the focus of concern shifts to the representation of sexual other. Though Roxana and Moll are constructed to emulate Crusoe and embody the female versions of economic autonomy, these two female-based narratives, Roxana and Moll Flanders, bring to light the paradoxes of eighteenth-century male subjectivity that discriminates men from women in terms of domesticity and individualism. While Roxana is further commodified to be enlisted in the service of imperialist ideology to mask the reality of colonial aggression and imperialist expansion, the same sleight of substitution also underlies Swift¡¦s systematic attacks on women in his Irish Tracts and misogynist poems. Lastly, the fourth chapter aims to bring these two categories of difference together. Through Swift¡¦s and Defoe¡¦s imagination, the racial other and their sexual counterpart enter into a metaphorical alliance. Thus Defoe¡¦s Amazon and Swift¡¦s Yahoo trope not only synthesize what are considered two discrete and separate categories of discrimination, but also demonstrate that their creations of race and gender derive from the same source of reference.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. / The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on February 27, 2008) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Proefschrift--Groningen. / "Stellingen": iv p. laid in. "Bibliografie": p. [145]-182.

Proefschrift--Groningen. / "Stellingen": iv p. laid in. "Bibliografie": p. [145]-182.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att genom en intertextuell analys identifiera vilka kopplingar som finns mellan Robinson Crusoe och Mr Foe och hur man skulle kunna använda verken i en undervisningskontext utifrån Edward W. Saïds teori om orientalism och intertextuellt perspektiv. Analysen utgår från Edward W. Saïds teori om dikotomier och hur fördomar kan accepteras som sanningar, samt Martha C. Nussbaums teori om beskrivande chauvinism och romantik. I analysen framkommer det att kopplingarna i Mr Foe främst anspelade på Crusoes romantiska bild av ön där han är härskare och Fredag är hans tjänare. Genom att diskutera Fredags olika roller i verken menar jag att man kan föra en diskussion i klassrummet där eleverna får öva sig i att se maktförhållandet i västerländsk syn på utomeuropeisk kultur.

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-07T19:01:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 000388858-Texto+Completo+v.1-0.pdf: 3255996 bytes, checksum: f23e744a6f59891349e3ece1086770e7 (MD5) 000388858-Texto+Completo+v.2-1.pdf: 8090190 bytes, checksum: c41d8e473fe871bb1f8ba4ac8d727fe6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / The present thesis The literary adaptation for children and young people: Robinson Crusoe in Brazil has as study object the literary adaptation for children and young people in brazil and as theoretical support the aesthetic of reception and the sociology of the reading. The thesis is composed by two parts, at the same time independent and complementary. In the first part, divided in two chapters, the historical and critical reception of the literary adaptation is analyzed, from stories of brasilian children’s literature and analytical texts, and a literary adaptation view is presented, focusing the works, authors, typology, collections, adapters and publishing companies, on the basis of a bibliographical survey, that encloses the period betwenn 1882 and 2004. In the second part, as well, segmented in two chapters, the central focus is the study of the adaptations of the english work, “The life and the adventures of Robinson Crusoe” (1719), by Daniel Defoe, carried through Carlos Jansen (1885), Monteiro Lobato (1931) and Ana Maria Machado (1995), from extra-literal study, which analyzes the circulation and publishing of the work in brazil, the contexts of production of the original text/adaptations and the paratexts of the adaptations, and of intra-literal study, which investigates the adaptation process, from the literary and extra-literary norms, found in the three selected adaptations, in order to, after that, carrying through a comparative analysys between the three adaptations and the original work, with the purpose of identify and analyze the narrative procedures in the adaptation, to formulate a concept of literary adaptation for children and young people. / A presente tese, A adaptação literária para crianças e jovens: Robinson Crusoe no rasil, tem como objeto de estudo a adaptação literária para crianças e jovens no Brasil, tendo como suporte teórico a Estética de Recepção e a Sociologia da Leitura. A tese é composta de duas partes, ao mesmo tempo independentes e complementares. Na primeira parte, dividida em dois capítulos, analisa-se a recepção histórica e crítica da adaptação literária, a partir das histórias da literatura infantil brasileira e de textos analíticos; e apresenta-se um panorama da adaptação literária, enfocando-se as obras, os autores, a tipologia, as coleções, os adaptadores e as editoras, com base num levantamento bibliográfico, que abrange o período de 1882 a 2004. Na segunda parte, igualmente, segmentada em dois capítulos, o foco central é o estudo das adaptações da obra inglesa, A vida e as aventuras de Robinson Crusoe (1719), de Daniel Defoe, realizadas por Carlos Jansen (1885), Monteiro Lobato (1931) e Ana Maria Machado (1995), a partir de estudo extra-textual, em que se analisa a circulação e editoração da obra no Brasil, os contextos de produção do texto original/adaptações e os paratextos das adaptações, e de estudo intra-textual, no qual se investiga o processo de adaptação, a partir das normas literárias e extra-literárias, presentes nas três adaptações selecionadas, para, em seguida, realizar analise comparativa entre as três adaptações e a obra original, objetivando, identificar e analisar os procedimentos narrativos na adaptação, para a formulação de um conceito de adaptação literária infanto-juvenil.