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ABSTRACT This is a concerted effort at understanding the contemporary utopian processes and systems of the formation and spatial narratives of the people it is designed for. Locality and nostalgia is the essence of the times we live in. There is currently a global refuge crisis which is defined and can be contained within each countries borders as well as external forces that disrupt the ‘contemporary utopia’s’ of the times. Man is conditioned from early life to be fascinated by the longing of a place to dwell. Safety and familiarity of place is an important state of where people choose to dwell. Dwelling is also a proponent of opportunity where local migrants and immigrants to the environment with limited resources such as South Africa. According to the UNHCR, it was determined that in 2015, South Africa received 62 159 asylum claims. A total of this, 2,499 were approved for refugee status while 58,141 were denied, suggesting that all the applications in the 2015 period were dealt with. However, 14,093 were appealed, and of these 12,361 remained open into 2016 (Africa Check, 2016). The conditions of these new city dwellers is threatened by a new spatial continuum of land restitution and/or transformation, very bureaucratic legal process, resource accessibility and inclusivity. There is an inherent lack of spaces of community building within the Pretoria CBD, with most space succumbing to decay, a sustained urban sprawl, monofunctional territories, and nucleated densities. New migrants into the city struggle to find formal and informal opportunities and resources for ‘urban survival-ism’. These conditions are ones that have ruinous affects on the cities utopian public spaces that mostly are stuck in the spatial utilitarianism of the time of production. The dissertation Real and Re-imagined Spaces as Contemporary Utopia’s looks to reevaluate the current conditions of the city that manufacture a hostile urban context and subsequently ‘agonistic’ people without spaces to commune. The urban condition is territorial, consumed by a fence fetish, entrapped by different spatial and architectural utopias and ruins. The presence of ruins is evidenced by a preoccupation with ‘Heritage’ architecture and landscapes. These leftover spaces and heritage provide 1 opportunities to have new layers of memory and legacy that is conscious to erasure, space-making, man and the environment, and the trappings of time. / UKUQALA Lena umzamo ohlanganyelwe ekuqondeni izinqubo zezinsuku zokuphila zangasese kanye nezinhlelo zokwakheka nezindatshana zendawo zabantu ezenzelwe. Indawo kanye ne-nostalgia yizona zinkinga zezikhathi esiphila kuzo. Njengamanje isiphephelo sezokuphepha emhlabeni jikelele esichazwe futhi singatholakala ngaphakathi kwamanye amazwe omngcele kanye namandla angaphandle aphazamisa ‘ubuholi besikhathi samanje’ ngezikhathi. Umuntu uphonywe kusukela ebusweni bokuqala ukuze athabe ukulangazelela indawo yokuhlala. Ukuphepha nokujwayela indawo kuyindawo ebalulekile lapho abantu bakhetha ukuhlala khona. Ukuhlala kubuye kube ngumgqugquzeli wamathuba lapho abafuduka khona kanye nabafuduki bezemvelo abanemithombo encane njengeNingizimu Afrika. Ngokwe-United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (okubizwa ngokuthi i-UNHCR kusuka lapha), kwaqunywa ukuthi ngo-2015, iNingizimu Afrika ithole izimangalo ezingu-62 159 zokukhoseliswa. Okubonke lokhu, abangu-2,499 bavunyelwe ukuba babe ngababaleki ngenkathi kuthiwa abangu-58 141 banqatshelwe, okuphakamisa ukuthi zonke izicelo ngonyaka wezi-2015 zibhekwa nazo. Kodwa-ke, abangu-14,093 babethweswa icala, futhi kulaba abangu-12 361 bahlala bevulekile ngo-2016 (i-Africa Check, 2016). Izimo zalaba bantu abahlala emadolobheni amasha zisongelwa ukuqhubeka kwendawo yokubuyisela umhlaba kanye / noma ukuguqulwa, inqubo yomthetho enobulungisa, ukutholakala kwemithombo kanye nokuhlanganiswa. Kukhona ukungabi nalutho kwezikhala zomsebenzi womphakathi ngaphakathi kwePitoli Central Business District (CBD kusuka lapha), iningi lendawo ehluleka ukubola, izindawo ezihlala emadolobheni, izindawo zokusebenza, kanye nezinkinga ezingasebenzi. Abafuduki abasha bangena emzabalazweni womuzi ukuthola amathuba asemthethweni namasosha ‘okusinda emadolobheni-ism’. Lezi zimo yizona ezithintekayo emadolobheni ezindaweni ezingekho emphakathini ezivame ukunamathela emphakathini wesikhathi sokukhiqiza. I-dissertation Real and Re-imagined Spaces njengobukeka be-Contemporary Utopia ukuhlola kabusha izimo zamanje zomuzi ezakha umongo wendawo edolobheni kanye nabantu abangenayo i-agonistic ngaphandle kwezikhala zokuxhumana. Isimo sasezindaweni zasemadolobheni siyindawo, sidliwa izinkinga zokubiya mawala, siboshwe yizindawo ezihlukahlukene kanye nezindawo zokuchitha izindawo. Ukutholakala kwamanxiwa kuboniswa ukukhathazeka ngezakhiwo ‘zeGugu’ nezindwangu. Lezi zikhala kanye namagugu asele ahlinzeka amathuba okuba nemigqa emisha yememori kanye nefa eliqaphela ukukhipha, ukwenza isikhala, umuntu kanye nemvelo, kanye nokuhamba kwesikhathi. / Mini Dissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2018. / Architecture / MArch(Prof) / Unrestricted

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The project analyses a cultural landscape and depicts the layers of culture, urbanity and making in its previous alterations. The proposal considers Økern, a post-industrial area north east of Oslo, due for a large densification process, becoming part of the central city. Through analysis of Økern’s layered history and its requirements for the future, the thesis proposes to reinscribe paths of public, residential and productive qualities.  The analysis begins by mapping the different characters the landscape has played through a drawn survey. The scheme responds to the survey in proposing a new connective path and a series of spaces that are public, residential and producing. The proposal consists of a garden and communal space, the transformation and improvement of an existing factory building and a public passage giving access to the high street of the area. The scheme is a contextual addition to the pedestrian, residential and public grain of Økern. It is specific in its interventions on the site, working with the existing landscape, the need for public space and the local functions present in the area. The thesis also aims to contribute on a general level with an attitude of care and sustainability, proposing precise and well informed insertions in the transformation of cities today.

Yes / The full-text of this article will be released for public view at the end of the publisher embargo on 23 Jun 2025.

This thesis develops a philosophy for management, preservation, and interpretation of Woodlands Farm and Thomas's Wharf in Northampton County on Virginia's Eastern Shore. The U. S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service methodology for historic properties, including cultural landscapes, is used to complete this study. The National Park Service method includes four interrelated steps: (1) historical research, and (2) inventory and documentation of existing conditions, (3) site analysis and evaluation of significance and integrity, and (4) recommendations for future management. Essential to the future of Woodlands Farm and Thomas's Wharf is continued use of the property while retaining character defining features that make them significant. The most suitable management philosophy for a historic property that allows for protection and maintenance of significant features, as well as future use and development, is Rehabilitation. Thomas's Wharf's significance is derived from fragments of many periods and histories can be read on the landscape; a palimpsest. The U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service evaluates a landscape much as one evaluates a historic building, defining it as a type or from a specific time period. The U.S. Department of the Interior's criteria for significance does not address a landscape, like Thomas's Wharf, as part of the continuum of history. Rather the study of landscapes is limited and the criteria does not acknowledge a site's broader continuum of significance. Landscapes that are records of change and evolution, palimpsests of a people, culture, and place, need to be identified and deemed significant for that quality. / Master of Landscape Architecture

Contemporary novels about Patagonia rely on foundational texts to caricature the region as a sterile, empty, and isolated. This stereotype was the impetus for this study. Through literary texts concerning Patagonia, the author joins the theoretical debate regarding the relationship between marginal and hegemonic cultures. A close analysis of writings on Patagonia reveals that the image of Patagonian space varies considerably depending on the perspective of the narrator, character, or writer. This dissertation analyzes the construction of Patagonian space in six contemporary novels by Chilean and Argentinean writers. It is divided into two sections. The first section discusses novels written about Patagonia by non-Patagonians. These works depend on and repeat the image of Patagonia found in certain foundational texts. The texts analyzed in this section include Patagonia Express, by Luis Seplveda, Final de novela en Patagonia, by Mempo Giardinelli, and La tierra del fuego, by Sylvia Iparraguirre. By contrast, the second part of the dissertation analyzes novels by Patagonian writers. Rather than the familiar stereotypes of Patagonia, these works paint a vibrant picture of the social, economic, cultural, and human realities of Patagonia. The texts of this section include the short stories Caminos y rastrilladas borrosas and Memorias de un carrero patagnico, by Asencio Abeijn and Pap botas altas (a collection of short stories), by David Aracena as well as the novel El corazn a contraluz, by Patricio Manns. The theoretical framework for this dissertation derives from Humanistic Geography an emphasis on the social awareness. Particularly special attention is paid to the ways in which environment shapes human interactions. Within that framework, the use of Cultural Landscape theory serves to illustrate how the social and physical environment shapes the perception of space in Patagonian literature. The ideas of the geographers Edward Soja, Yi-Fu Tuan, Lester Rowntree, Paul Adams, Steven Hoelscher, Karen Till and Edward Casey are used in this dissertation. In addition, the ideas of the literary scholars Arturo Roig, Michael Keith and Steve Pile contributed greatly towards the conclusion that critics must remain constantly aware of how location shapes the perspectives of space and discourses of power.

Humans have an innate tendency to attach themselves to objects on their cultural landscape. After a natural disaster like Hurricane Katrina, people seem to hold on to objects left behind by the disaster. This paper examines several of the concepts and reasons as to why attachments may have formed to objects left on New Orleans' landscape after Hurricane Katrina. I explored human reactions after a natural disaster, and discussed how memories, collective and individual, often lead to personal attachment to objects. In an attempt to get a better understanding of this phenomenon, 250 surveys were distributed to residents in the New Orleans metro area. The surveys were used as a tool to discover if attachments were formed and if so, what led to the attachment. The results from the survey revealed that 38% of the people surveyed formed an attachment to an object left by Hurricane Katrina.

Abstract I start this project as my master degree project which is the last assignment during my graduate education in Sweden. I own the bachelor degree in industrial design which is the beginning I ponder in a designer’s way. With the accumulation of my knowledge and study, I am willing to attempt different design fields in sustainable perspective, like product design, furniture design, exhibition design and service design. The working and study experiences provide valuable resources for me to recognize self. And the environment in Swedish society also is a school to acquire knowledge and know the world. The project, Lav Förening, was born in these contexts.   The main study fields: Rural depopulation was addressed as a global issues in economical, ecological, socio-political and cultural contexts in sustainability perspectives. The rural economic stagnation can be restore by government policy support. However, the disappearance of cultural landscape would cause irreversible loss. With case studies and fieldwork in Varshult, I define my study field in service design involving lichen study, farm innovation and enterprise framework for re-active rural cultural landscape. It is a proposal, through figuring out local renewable resource (lichen) and integrating stakeholders’ framework, to create an attractive community for rural part-time residents and young active citizens to participate. In order to complete the concept, there are six fields need to be study: depopulation and sustainable rural development, cultural landscape, lichen and essential oil, community agriculture and Boda Glass Factory.   The major findings of my study:  The service in this project is human centered. Through studying Maslow's hierarchy of needs, I analyze the needs of my target group. For the target group in Lav Förening, rural part-time residents and young active citizens, they have a good living conditions and enough spare time for their interests and pursuits. For the organizers and land owners, we are concerning the social phenomenon, rural depopulation, and we devote ourselves to figure out the opportunities to solve the problems and keep the rural cultural landscape alive. We pursue a higher level of psychological, belonging, esteem and self-actualization needs. There are six programs on lichen journey based on the needs study: Varshult visiting & lichen planting, bottles making, lichen collection essential oil extraction & tincture making, handmade workshop and market & exhibition. The proposal will be presented with visualizations and evidences.   The Lav Förening service proposal need to be refined continually. It shows an opportunity to oppose rural depopulation in design field. It is a practice for me to analyze a complicated framework and present it. The design process and report have recorded the development and exploration on my design study.

Esta dissertação busca desenvolver uma etnogeografia sobre a presença dos Galpões no cotidiano de alguns grupos sociais no Vale do Rio Três Forquilhas (Litoral Norte do Rio Grande do Sul), para tanto se aporta em Bonnemaison (2002), como referencial para o entendimento dos acontecimentos na área delimitada, para analisar não somente a arquitetura contemporânea de algumas casas, mas também ressaltar a importância da etnicidade e período das ocupações “não nativas” como vetores dos processos de hibridismo. Para este conceito (hibridismo) serão utilizados textos de Canclini (2006) e Burke (2008). O “Galpão” investigado não é somente o “Galpão gaúcho”, mas também os espaços do habitar, trabalho e lazer de vários grupos étnicos e sociais presentes nesta região (Japoneses, alemães, açorianos, quilombolas e pescadores). Amalgamando-se culturalmente, estes grupos constituem seus territórios domésticos e representações sociais dentro do hibridismo. Os acontecimentos que motivam a ascensão dos diferentes espaços domésticos de representação social, em análise, constroem esta pesquisa; seus vetores, razões e as diversas composições da paisagem cultural (CLAVAL, 2007), como feição praticada do processo geográfico de (re) construção do espaço. / This dissertation aims to develop an ethnogeography about the presence of Galpões on the daily life of some social groups in Três Forquilhas River Valley (North Coast of Rio Grande do Sul). To do so, it is contributed in the formulation of ideas of Bonnemaison (2002) as referential to the understanding of the events in that delimited area in order to analyse not only the contemporary architecture of some houses, but also to highlight the importance of ethnicity and “non native” occupation periods as values of the hybridity process. For the concept of hibridity, Canclini’s (2006) and Burke’s (2008) conception will be used. The investigated “Galpão” is not only the “Galpão Gaúcho”, but also places of habitation, work and leisure of many ethnic and social groups that inhabit that region (japanese, german, azoreans, quilombolas and fishermen). Culturally amalgamating, these groups constitute their domestic territory and social representations inside the hybridity. The events that motivate the rise of distinct domestic spaces of social representation, in analysis, constitute this research; their vectors, reasons and the various compositions of the cultural landscape (CLAVAL, 2007), as practiced feature of the geographical process of (re)construction of spaces.