The study reported in this article examines the nature of relationships among job and personal resources, and psychological and behavioral outcomes. A related objective of the study is to uncover whether these relationships vary according to outcome type. Frontline employees of several hotels throughout the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus serve as the study setting. Results and their implications are discussed, and avenues for future research are offered.

By focusing on gender differences in structural relationships rather than differences in levels of constructs, this study extends Babin and Boles' [Babin B. J., Boles J. S. Employee behavior in a service environment: a model and test of potential differences between men and women. Journal of Marketing 1998;62:77-91.] research examining the effects of role stress on customer-contact employees' various job outcomes to a new context (frontline bank employees in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus). Results indicate that gender has a moderating role on the relationships between role ambiguity and self-efficacy, and role conflict and job satisfaction. Cultural norms may play a role in the way gender moderates these relationships.

This study investigates outcomes of organizational responses to customer complaints by using a sample of hotel guests in Northern Cyprus as its setting. Results suggest that organizational response options have varying degrees of influence on customer satisfaction and revisit intentions. Implications of the results for hotel managers and public policy makers are discussed. [Article copies available for a fee from The Haworth Document Delivery Service: 1-800-HAWORTH. E-mail address: docdelivery@haworthpress.com Website: http://www. HaworthPress.com.

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地中海島嶼賽普勒斯，於1960年脫離英國統治，建立賽普勒斯共和國。島上兩大族裔－希臘裔與土耳其裔居民，長久以來對於生存權力之競奪，導致國內動亂不斷。1974年，賽普勒斯發生憲政危機，土耳其派兵佔領賽島北部36.4%之領土，賽普勒斯遂成為分裂國家。 1990年，賽普勒斯向歐盟提出入會申請。賽普勒斯入會案，為其本身之政治分裂問題、聯合國調停行動，以及土耳其、希臘、歐盟三方關係，投下新的變數。在歐盟第五波擴大的十個新會員國當中，賽普勒斯之政治情況最為特殊，所牽涉之議題最為廣泛。本文旨在研究賽普勒斯加入歐盟之過程，並分析其動機、影響其入會過程之變數、以及入會後所產生之影響。 / As a small island located in the East Mediterranean, Cyprus decolonized from British domination in 1960. It was named The Republic of Cyprus. The perennial political distemper in the country is derived from contending for political powers and living resources between the two main ethnic groups – the Greek and Turkish Cypriots. In 1974, after the constitutional crisis of Cyprus, the Turkish army invaded the northern part of the country and occupied 36.4% of its territory. Thereupon Cyprus became a divided country. In 1990, the Cyprus government applied to the European Union for membership. Cyprus’ application for EU membership had unprecedented effects on Cyprus’ political problem, particularly for UN mediation in Cyprus and the tripartite relationship between Greece, Turkey and the EU. Compared to the nine new member states that joined the EU in 2004, Cyprus is in the most complicated political situation. This thesis focuses on Cyprus’ accession to the EU. The author analyzes Cyprus’ motivation for its application for EU membership, variables which affect its accessing process and the effects after joining the EU.

This thesis takes the position that it is not clear that the aspirations and assumptions expressed by theories of international relations predicated on the narrative about the emergence of mature sovereign nation states acting within a system of such states offers a particularly helpful guide to political practices concerning boundaries and borders that are identified on the ground. This is especially the case if we pay attention to the specific practices of bordering in Cyprus. Through a reading of various sites of limitation and excess of Cypriot sovereignty – in relation to the Byzantine and Ottoman empires, the modern system involving Greece, Turkey and the United Kingdom, the United Nations and the European Union, ongoing complexities such as British Sovereign Base Areas (SBAs) and the ethnically mixed village of Pyla/Pile – this thesis investigates the consequences and considers the implications, both theoretical and actual, that arise in Cyprus.

This thesis sets out to probe the complex artistic contacts between Italy and Cyprus in the visual arts during the High and Late Middle Ages. The Introduction provides a critical review of the subject. Chapter I maps out the various types of links (with respect to trade, religion, warfare, art, culture) between Italy and Cyprus in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. Chapters II and III examine the multifaceted artistic negotiations between southern Italy (mainly Apulia) and Cyprus in the thirteenth century, by closely examining a cluster of frescoes and panel paintings. Through a set of historical, cultural and artistic (stylistic and iconographic) approaches, these chapters aim to supersede the somewhat limited style-oriented analyses of previous contributions to this area of study. The hitherto unverified and convoluted relations between the two regions are revisited and affirmed within a new conceptual framework. Chapters IV and V investigate fourteenth-century cross-currents as seen in two cases that have formerly occupied a marginal position in discussions of intercultural exchanges between Italy and Cyprus. The first is the transplantation and manifestation of the cult of Saint Thomas Aquinas in Cyprus, and the second, the hybrid series of icons created by Italian painters working on the island. Both cases are appraised as a record of historical realities and not as the by-products of casual encounters. The thesis historicises these contacts and in doing so, contributes to a broader understanding of cultural transmission and convergence in the Medieval Mediterranean.

The Eastern Mediterranean marks the site of the Southern Neotethys Ocean that was created, then largely destroyed near the northern margin of Gondwana. Sedimentary and structural evidence is well preserved in the Girne (Kyrenia) Range, a several hundred kilometrelong, narrow, E – W-trending, broadly arcuate lineament that encompasses northern Cyprus and a submarine ridge that links southeastern Turkey (Misis–Andırın Complex). This study focuses on the Oligocene-Miocene sequence exposed on both flanks of the Girne (Kyrenia) Range, based on sedimentology, microfacies, Sr-isotope dating and structural analysis. Two related sedimentary basins are today separated by an E – W-trending high-angle, fault zone, the Değirmenlik (Kythrea) Fault. The northern basin encompasses the Range, whereas the southern basin is located between the Değirmenlik (Kythrea) Fault and an E – W trending fault lineament (Dar dere (Ovgos) Fault Zone), to the south of which is the Troodos Ophiolitic Massif. The Değirmenlik (Kythrea) Fault is interpreted as a convergence-related thrust fault that was active during the Mid-Late Miocene creating an E – W submarine ridge that separated subbasins to the north and south. The sedimentary sequence in the northern basin unconformably overlies Mesozoic platform carbonates and latest Cretaceous-Palaeogene pelagic carbonates with interbedded volcanics. Above basal conglomerates (probably derived from underlying Eocene debris flows based on chemical evidence), there is a fining-upward siliciclastic turbidite sequence (Late Oligocene), then biogenic calciturbidites and marls (Aquitanian-Langhian). The northerly basin is characterised by thin-, to medium-bedded, pale hemipelagic calciturbidites and marls (Serravallian; ~400 m thick), overlain by thick-bedded, medium- to coarse-grained lithic sandstones with carbonate concretions (Tortonian; ~250 m thick). The succession in the southern basin, which is more deformed by thrusting, begins with poorly dated pelagic marls (Early Miocene?), followed by regularly bedded siliciclastic turbidites (~1000 m thick), with abundant sole structures (Serravallian-Tortonian). Palaeocurrent evidence shows mainly E to W flow for the southern basin, and locally a generally E to W flow for the northerly basin, at least for the Late Miocene. Gypsum accumulated in local depocentres during the Messinian salinity crisis and was locally deformed by contemporaneous southward thrusting. Petrographic studies of the Serravallian – Tortonian sandstones indicate that the northern basin is richer in recrystallised limestone grains compared to the southern basin, which contains more abundant siliciclastic and ophiolite-derived material; this trend is also present in results from XRD analysis of clays. The likely source area was the Eurasian-African suture zone in the Tauride Mountains to the northeast. The greater detrital limestone abundance in the south may record relatively deep-level erosion of the source area, through ophiolites to an underlying Mesozoic carbonate platform. Two phases of clastic input are recognised from SE Turkey, the first related to Early Miocene continental collision, and the second reflecting Late Miocene suture tightening, both to the east of Cyprus within the Tauride Suture Zone. Based on the measurement and kinematic analysis of a large number (>1290) of faults, combined with a knowledge of the tectono-stratigraphy, the timing and nature of faulting is inferred. The majority of the faults are south-verging, high-angle reverse faults, while sinistral strike-slip faults dominate several areas of the Girne (Kyrenia) Range and the Dar dere (Ovgos) Fault Zone of the south. Most of the faults in the Girne (Kyrenia) Range are attributed to Mid – Late Eocene and Late Miocene – Early Pliocene phase of thrusting, followed by relative quiescence until Pleistocene uplift of the Girne (Kyrenia) Range. The Dar dere (Ovgos) Fault Zone is interpreted as a long-lived terrane boundary that accommodated sinistral movement during Late Miocene to Recent. In summary, the Girne (Kyrenia) Range reflects the diachronous closure of the Mesozoic Southern Neotethys Ocean, culminating in westward tectonic escape from continent-continent collision zone to the east, coupled with thick-skinned uplift that was triggered by collision with a crustal block to the south, the Eratosthenes Seamount.

This study aims to explore policy implications, production and consumption processes between the airline and tourism industries. In particular, policy initiatives, product developments, innovation and consumption patterns are taken into consideration in order to identify the relationship between the two industries within the context of Cyprus. The airline industry, after the implementation of liberalization, has changed considerably in terms of market size, type of airlines and operations. In the case of destination management, innovation and policy planning are key parameters of success. Additionally, new business production methods are imperative, given the emergence of a ‘new-tourist’ who is educated, seeking shorter breaks and more frequent and cheaper trips in unique and unexplored destinations. Both quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis are employed. In particular, 26 interviews of ‘power-elite’ policymakers and stakeholders in Cyprus are used to explore policy implications for the identification of implementation outcomes and their impact on product developments and innovation. Furthermore, 300 self-administered questionnaires were distributed to British travellers to Cyprus, so as to identify the role of the airlines and the extent of the importance attributed to destination. The results of the study suggest a gap in the relation of the tourism and airline industries’ interaction at policy level, outcome, and implementation. More specifically, the airline policy enables the industry to become more adaptive and creative, and innovation is depicted via low-cost carriers (LCCs). The tourism industry has developed a policy that reflects the post/neo-Fordism trends of consumption and production, which refers to niche products. However, there is a dearth of policy theory and implementation, with consistent failures and delays. Thus, tourism is at the stage of renovation without essential innovation in contrast to the airline industry, which is a leader, and a proponent of innovation. In terms of consumption, Factor Analysis suggests that British tourists tend to book their holiday trips based on three categories of airline attributes: ‘Customer service’, ‘Price-sensitive & Internet’ and ‘Selection in travel behaviour’. Cluster analysis suggests three main categories of tourists, namely, ‘Traditional’, ‘Demanding/Opportunists’ and ‘Ambivalent’. The results confirm that consumers have changed and tourism destinations must be able to adapt to their demands and to offer a variety of services and products in order to survive in a competitive global market. In the case of the airline industry and holiday trips, convenience and the airport that the airline is flying from is more important than the cost of the ticket.