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This thesis focuses on a specific subset of online relationships—the sugar daddy and sugar baby relationship, more specifically how a self-proclaimed sugar daddy might market themselves to potential sugar babies. The sugar daddy-sugar baby relationship is an arrangement in which a wealthier man will compensate an attractive girl, usually younger, to provide him romantic, sexual, and/or platonic companionship. This compensation tends to vary, but can include money, gifts, or simply the lavish lifestyle of being around a wealthier partner. A small, yet distinct minority among online sugar daddies consists of those who promise life-changing circumstances for their partners. Dubbed “salvation rhetoric,” this type of language targets women in more vulnerable positions, and offers to them a high-end lifestyle, the knowledge to succeed, emotional betterment, or even spiritual enlightenment. This paper seeks to answer the questions of what kinds of salvation discourses are operating within the sphere of online sugar dating, and what kinds of demographic factors may be affecting any differences in discourses.

The United House of Prayer was established by Marcelino Manuel da Graça (1881-1960), who is also known as Charles Manuel “Sweet Daddy” Grace, or “Daddy” Grace. He founded and developed the use of the shout bands which are charismatic gospel trombone ensembles within this church. This study explores the importance of shout bands and examines them from multiple perspectives focusing in particular on worship practices. Additionally, it examines rhythmic elements as the most important characteristic of music performed by these unique ensembles, rhythms that reflect the preacher’s personal timing and inflections that the trombones then imitate. The approach used here supports a deeper understanding of the United House of Prayer and of the trombone in church services of this denomination. Indeed, it ultimately establishes the trombone’s role in the United House of Prayer.

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Hallengren, L. Sugardaddies – en kvalitativ studie om erfarenheter av sugardating. Examensarbete i sexologi 30 högskolepoäng. Malmö Universitet: Fakulteten för Hälsa och Samhälle, institutionen för socialt arbete, sexologi, 2019. Syftet med studien är att undersöka mäns erfarenheter av sugardating i rollen som sugardaddy. Mer specifikt syftar studien till att belysa deras syn på sugardating i relation till kön och makt. Materialinsamlingen består av fem semistrukturerade intervjuer med män som har erfarenhet av sugardating i form av att vara sugardaddy. Studien bygger på kvalitativ metod och det insamlade materialet har transkriberats, tematiserats och analyserats. Det teoretiska ramverket tar sin utgångspunkt i postmodernismen och det senmoderna samhällets snabbt föränderliga karaktär med fokus på intimitet och kommers. Det finns ingen överensstämmande samhällelig bild av fenomenet sugardating och beskrivningarna av det går isär. Medan vissa aktörer menar att det handlar om prostitution menar andra att det bör definieras som relation och den sammantagna bilden positionerar sugardating i gråzonen mellan dessa två. På gråzonsskalan mellan relation och prostitution så kan vi inom sugardating med största sannolikhet hitta både socialt accepterade former av det och samhälleligt kriminaliserade former av det. De huvudsakliga resultaten i denna studie visar på att det hos informanterna finns en ambition att inom sugardatingkonceptet skapa långvariga relationer som bygger på ömsesidighet och frivillighet där båda parter får ut vad de önskar av relationen. Det handlar om att ha en relation där förutsättningarna är överenskomna sedan innan och där parterna är aktiva i förhandlingen för att få sina individuella önskemål tillgodosedda. För några handlar det om att ha en okomplicerad relation där man kan lägga energi på de positiva aspekterna av att vara med en annan människa, för någon annan handlar det om att få vara sexuellt och relationellt med personer som är yngre än en själv. Oavsett anledning till att engagera sig i sugardatingrelationer så förhåller sig informanterna till samhälleliga normer i hur de förstår och reflekterar kring sina erfarenheter. De strukturella förutsättningarna och samhällets normer påverkar hur informanterna förstår sina erfarenheter på individuell, relationell och kontextuell nivå. / Hallengren, L. Sugardaddies – a qualitative study on experiences of sugardating. Master in sexology 30 hp. Malmö University: Faculty of health and society, Department of Social science: Sexology, 2019. The purpose of the study is to investigate men's experiences of sugar dating in the role of sugar daddy. More specifically, the study aims to shed light on their views on sugar dating in relation to gender and power. The material collection consists of five semi-structured interviews with men who have experience of sugar dating in the role of being a sugar daddy. The study is based on qualitative method and the collected material has been thematised and analyzed. The theoretical framework is based on postmodernism and the rapidly changing nature of late modern society with focus on intimacy and commerce. There is no consistent social picture of the phenomenon sugar dating and the descriptions of it are disintegrating. While some actors think it is about prostitution, others think it should be defined as a relationship and the overall picture positions sugar dating in the gray zone between these two. Within this gray zone between relationship and prostitution, we can most likely find both socially accepted forms of sugar dating and criminalized forms of it. The main results of this study show that there is an ambition among the informants to create long-term consensual and unforced relationships, in which both parties get what they want from the relationship. It is about having a relationship where the conditions have been agreed upon before and where the parties are active in the negotiation in order to fulfill their individual wishes. For some, it's about having an uncomplicated relationship where you can put energy on the positive aspects of being with another person, for someone else it's about being sexual and relational with people younger than yourself. Whatever the reason for engaging in sugary dating relationships, informants relate to societal norms in how they understand and reflect on their experiences. The structural conditions and societal norms influence how informants understand their experiences on an individual, relational and contextual level.

This thesis is composed of a collection of twelve short stories, varying in length from 2 to 14 pages. Each story contains its own discrete theme, but fits as well within the overarching theme of the collection as a whole. This overarching theme is what gives the collection its cohesiveness. The main theme of the larger work can be found in the title of the collection, People on the Edges of Dreams. In many of the stories dreams, or dream-states, figure in the lives of the protagonists. In addition to the dream-state theme there is a less obvious theme, which has to do with the extent to which most or all of the main characters in the stories are faced with a kind of inescapable compassion for others. For example, the selfinvolved, self-gratifying protagonist in Matador cannot help but feel compassion first for Pearl, the woman he insults, and second for the "bums" on whom his livelihood depends. The theme of inescapable compassion can, I believe, be found to varying degrees in each of the stories in this collection.

This thesis is an investigation into the historical evolution of Ajegunle Raga, a reggae form developed within an urban ghetto in Lagos called Ajegunle and the construction and negotiation of identities therein. The research further argues that Ajegunle Raga is a home-grown oppositional music subculture that draws inspiration from diasporic musical subcultures like Reggae and Hip Hop but retains a genuine representation of Ajegunle in its tales of survival, poverty, marginalization and expressions of creativity within the ambience of the music.

Early engagement in sexual activities amongst adolescents has become a worldwide concern, with studies finding them to begin as early as 12 or earlier (Booysen & Summerton, 2000; Dowsett & Aggleton, 1999). The behaviour becomes even more concerning when youths engage in sexual relationships which are considered as “risky”, that is, that put their health and wellbeing in danger. According to Trends (2010), such behaviour increases one’s risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unintended pregnancies. Guided by Bronfenbrenner’s ecological model, this study investigated risky sexual behaviours amongst adolescents living in the rural areas. The motivation was twofold, namely: to change the behaviours and to strengthen school sexuality education programme. The study aligned itself to qualitative paradigm and adopted a case study design. Data was collected using focus interviews with 20 adolescents (10 boys and 10 girls) in the age range of 15-17 years, who were selected following purposive sampling. The findings revealed adolescents’ tendencies of engaging in risky sexual behaviours such as: sexual relationship with older people, involvement with multiple partners, unstable relationship, pornography, sex in exchange of money. Factors contributing to these behaviours include: limited sexuality education, parents not teaching about sexuality education, lack of good role models, poverty, and fear to disclose problems to teachers, ostentatious lifestyles, peer pressure, and myths about sex. Suggestions put forth for preventing involving risky sexual behaviours include: appropriate school programmes, good learner-teacher relationship, effective communication with parents, strengthening of the learning content of Life Orientation, discipline at home, good friends, closing down of illegal taverns, illegalising sex with young boys and girls and restricting access to pornography on the internet. In conclusion, I suggest that the problem be addressed ecosystematically. / Inclusive Education / M. Ed. (Inclusive Education)

This paper examines the linguistic qualities of reggaeton in order to determine to which extent the music represents the speech of the urban residents of Puerto Rico. The lyrics of this music are analyzed in order to see if they are used only within the context of reggaeton or if they are part of the Puerto Rican lexicon in general. The political context of Puerto Rico with respect to the United States is taken in to consideration with the formation of Anglicisms and the use of English. The paper summarizes the current knowledge of the Puerto Rican lexicon as well as two linguistic studies that focus on reggaeton as well as giving general background information on the genre. In the analysis section, 20 words that are commonly found in reggaeton songs are analyzed using two accredited dictionaries and three “urban dictionaries” in order to determine their meanings, uses and origins.

Early engagement in sexual activities amongst adolescents has become a worldwide concern, with studies finding them to begin as early as 12 or earlier (Booysen & Summerton, 2000; Dowsett & Aggleton, 1999). The behaviour becomes even more concerning when youths engage in sexual relationships which are considered as “risky”, that is, that put their health and wellbeing in danger. According to Trends (2010), such behaviour increases one’s risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unintended pregnancies. Guided by Bronfenbrenner’s ecological model, this study investigated risky sexual behaviours amongst adolescents living in the rural areas. The motivation was twofold, namely: to change the behaviours and to strengthen school sexuality education programme. The study aligned itself to qualitative paradigm and adopted a case study design. Data was collected using focus interviews with 20 adolescents (10 boys and 10 girls) in the age range of 15-17 years, who were selected following purposive sampling. The findings revealed adolescents’ tendencies of engaging in risky sexual behaviours such as: sexual relationship with older people, involvement with multiple partners, unstable relationship, pornography, sex in exchange of money. Factors contributing to these behaviours include: limited sexuality education, parents not teaching about sexuality education, lack of good role models, poverty, and fear to disclose problems to teachers, ostentatious lifestyles, peer pressure, and myths about sex. Suggestions put forth for preventing involving risky sexual behaviours include: appropriate school programmes, good learner-teacher relationship, effective communication with parents, strengthening of the learning content of Life Orientation, discipline at home, good friends, closing down of illegal taverns, illegalising sex with young boys and girls and restricting access to pornography on the internet. In conclusion, I suggest that the problem be addressed ecosystematically. / Inclusive Education / M. Ed. (Inclusive Education)