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Beneath glycation, oxidation reactions may take place at cereal proteins during production of malt. The extent of oxidative chemical changes at malt proteins has not yet been studied. In the present short communication, malt protein was characterized by the determination of free thiol groups and degree of methionine oxidation as well as the sites that are reactive to covalent modification by 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH, “protein carbonylation”). Protein carbonylation in pale malts was around 1.5 nmol/mg protein and increased with increasing malt colour. Investigations on the protein pellet isolated for determination of carbonylation revealed that solubility and colour may disturb the quantification of carbonyl sites in roasted malts. Free thiols decreased with increasing malt colour already in pale malts (EBC < 10). The formation of methionine sulfoxide (MetSO) was intensified with increasing malt colour. An amount of 7–20% of methionine was converted to MetSO in pale and dark malt, whereas nearly 60% of methionine was oxidized to MetSO in roasted malts. The formation of methionine sulfone was negligible. This study shows that malt proteins suffer from oxidation during kilning, and future studies will have to show whether this supports the pro- or antioxidant activity of malt.

This study aimed to elucidate the role of smell diaries in Olfactory training (OT) and probe gender differences in intensity ratings and measured olfactory function throughout the OT course. Fifty olfactory loss patients (36 women and 14 men) undergoing OT rated odor intensities on a daily basis for at least 12 weeks. They exhibited significant improvement in measured olfactory function after OT; gender had no significant effect. As for the diaries, women rated odors with higher intensities than men, and ratings from women increased with time while men rated odors at the same level. Across all patients, there was a weak positive correlation between ratings and psychophysical test scores (r = 0.30, p = .04). Throughout the OT course, the increase in odor intensity ratings was more pronounced in women than it was in men (F[1, 44] = 7.9, p = .007). However, this gender-related difference was not found for measured olfactory function, suggesting pronounced gender-differentiated behaviors in terms of self-ratings of olfactory function.

To investigate the influence of the internal micellar structure on the course of enzymatic cross-linking especially in the initial phase of the reaction, casein micelles isolated from raw milk via ultracentrifugation were incubated with microbial transglutaminase (mTG) in comparison with non-micellar sodium caseinate. Reactive lysine and glutamine residues were identified using a label-free approach, based on the identification of isopeptides within tryptic hydrolysates by targeted HRMS as well as manual monitoring of fragmentation spectra. Identified reactive sites were furthermore weighted by tracking the formation of isopeptides over an incubation time of 15, 30, 45 and 60 min, respectively. Fifteen isopeptides formed in the early stage of mTG cross-linking of caseins were identified and further specified concerning the position of lysine and glutamine residues involved in the reaction. The results revealed lysine K176 and glutamine Q175 of β-casein as the most reactive residues, which might be located in a highly flexible region of the molecule based on different possible reaction partners identified in this study. Except for the isopeptide αₛ₁ K34–αₛ₂ Q101 in sodium caseinate (SC), all reactive sites were detected in micellar and in non-micellar casein, indicating that the initial phase of enzymatic cross-linking is not affected by micellar aggregation of caseins.

Entdecken Sie unsere Region doch mal von ihrer köstlichen und kreativen Seite. Ob aromatische Kräuter und Gewürze, knackiges Obst und Gemüse, frischer Fisch, zartes Fleisch oder köstliche Backwaren – zahlreiche kleine Firmen locken mit ihren regionalen Produkten. Und auch, wer das Besondere sucht, wird dabei fündig. Denn mit Schokolade, Kaffee, alkoholischen Spezialitäten, frisch gepressten Ölen und mehr, können Sie den Genuss mit allen Sinnen zelebrieren. Schicke Tisch-Deko gibt’s noch obendrauf. Viele der Produkte wachsen direkt bei uns in der Region. Andere werden aus ausgesuchten Zutaten bei uns veredelt. Aber schmecken Sie doch einfach selbst! In dieser Broschüre stellen wir Ihnen einige ausgewählte Anbieter vor und laden Sie zu einer spannenden Geschmacksreise ein.

No description available.

Evidence suggests that postural stability may benefit from olfactory exposure, but whether this effect is different for hyposmic and healthy subjects remains unknown and little attention has been paid to the hedonic valence of odors in this context. Forty-five participants aged between 23 and 64 years were invited to this study, of whom 32 had normal olfactory function 13 exhibited olfactory deficits. Movement measurements were performed with the “Unterberger stepping test.” Participants walked in place with stretched arms for 8 periods of 30 s each, separated by intervals of approximately 15 s. During each of these 30-s blocks one of the three odor conditions was presented to them: (a) pleasant odor, (b) unpleasant odor, and (c) odorless control. Both participants with normosmia and impaired olfaction moved to the left and right sides more when exposed to the unpleasant odor as compared to pleasant odor exposure or no odor. When smelling pleasant odors, participants presented shorter maximal anterior/posterior sway than during no odor exposure, but it was similar when smelling unpleasant odor. The study demonstrated strong effects of odors on postural stability with pleasant odors limiting and unpleasant enhancing postural sways. Practical Applications Odors affect postural stability. Although we fail to demonstrate that postural stability measurements can be applied as a supporting method in smell dysfunction diagnosis, the current study opens prospects for further explorations of the relationship between olfactory and vestibular systems. These efforts may eventually lead to practical solutions supporting postural balance in patients suffering from conditions adversely affecting the vestibular system.

Die vorliegende Ratgeberbroschüre informiert, berät, begleitet, unterstützt Sie durch die Schwangerschaft hindurch bis zur Geburt und bietet Ihnen einen Überblick über Angebote und Kontakte in Chemnitz, je nach persönlicher Lebenslage oder Lebensumstand. Stand: 09/2019

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No description available.