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Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral investigar como professores licenciados em outras áreas do conhecimento – Ploa se tornam professores de música na educação básica. Como objetivos específicos, busquei: compreender como esses professores se inseriram na Rede Municipal de Ensino de Sinop – Remes como professores de música; como ensinam música na escola e como se veem como professores de música na escola. O referencial teórico do trabalho está fundamentado em conceitos de profissionalização dos educadores Antonio Nóvoa e Betânia Ramalho, Isauro Núñez e Clermont Gauthier, e na perspectiva teórica – teoria ator-rede desenvolvida por Bruno Latour. Os princípios desenvolvidos por Bruno Latour complementam o conceito de profissionalização no que se refere ao aspecto do profissionismo. O método utilizado foi a abordagem biográfica, mais especificamente as narrativas. A estratégia de pesquisa utilizada foi a entrevista narrativa, denominada no trabalho como narrativas de profissionalização. O estudo foi realizado com dez professores que atuam na Remes. A análise indica que a profissionalização se constitui como uma narrativa. A narrativa de profissionalização é um processo de ações minúsculas praticadas pelos docentes no interior de seus contextos. Essas ações, que vão constituindo os professores em profissionais, são geradas pelas necessidades do contexto. Os professores constroem a sua profissionalização tecendo uma relação singular-plural com o contexto escolar. Os professores constroem modos distintos de ensinar música e criam estratégias de ação que lhes possibilitam arregimentar aliados para que continuem o seu processo de vir a ser professores de música na escola. A pesquisa contribui para que a área de educação musical possa ampliar os conceitos sobre a profissionalização de professores que atuam com o ensino de música nas escolas de educação básica. Dar visibilidade às práticas músico-educacionais vividas pelos professores no contexto escolar indica dimensões do vir a ser professor de música. Um dos caminhos que esta pesquisa aponta é que, para tornar-se professor de música na educação básica, é necessário tomar a profissionalização como uma narrativa. / This research aimed at investigating how teachers undergraduate in other areas of knowledge become music teachers in schools of basic education. More specifically, it aimed to understand how these teachers entered in the educational municipal system of the city of Sinop, Mato Grosso, mid-western Brazil; how they teach music at schools and how they see themselves as school music teachers. The theoretical framework was constituted by the concepts of professionalization elaborated by Antonio Nóvoa and Betânia Ramalho, Isauro Núñez and Clermont Gauthier and the theoretical perspective – actor-network theory developed by Bruno Latour, whose principles complement the concept of professionalization. The research adopted a biographical approach, specifically that of the narratives. The research technique used was the narrative interview, called as narratives of professionalization. The study was carried out with ten teachers of the municipal system of Sinop. The analysis indicates that the professionalization is constituted as a narrative. The narrative of professionalization is a process constituted by narrow actions carried out by the teachers in the contexts where they work. These actions, which constitute the teachers as professionals, are generated by the needs of the context. The teachers build their professionalization through weaving a singular-plural relationship with the school context. They elaborate distinct modes of teaching music and create strategies for action that allows them to gather allies to continue their process of becoming music teachers at school. The research contributes to the field of music education through broadening the concepts about the professionalization of teachers who work with music education in the schools. Furthermore, the process of making visible the practices of music education lived by the teachers in the school context indicates dimensions of how one comes to be a music teacher. The research concludes that, in order to become a music teacher in the school of basic education, it is necessary to conceive, and to live, the professionalization as a narrative.

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral investigar como professores licenciados em outras áreas do conhecimento – Ploa se tornam professores de música na educação básica. Como objetivos específicos, busquei: compreender como esses professores se inseriram na Rede Municipal de Ensino de Sinop – Remes como professores de música; como ensinam música na escola e como se veem como professores de música na escola. O referencial teórico do trabalho está fundamentado em conceitos de profissionalização dos educadores Antonio Nóvoa e Betânia Ramalho, Isauro Núñez e Clermont Gauthier, e na perspectiva teórica – teoria ator-rede desenvolvida por Bruno Latour. Os princípios desenvolvidos por Bruno Latour complementam o conceito de profissionalização no que se refere ao aspecto do profissionismo. O método utilizado foi a abordagem biográfica, mais especificamente as narrativas. A estratégia de pesquisa utilizada foi a entrevista narrativa, denominada no trabalho como narrativas de profissionalização. O estudo foi realizado com dez professores que atuam na Remes. A análise indica que a profissionalização se constitui como uma narrativa. A narrativa de profissionalização é um processo de ações minúsculas praticadas pelos docentes no interior de seus contextos. Essas ações, que vão constituindo os professores em profissionais, são geradas pelas necessidades do contexto. Os professores constroem a sua profissionalização tecendo uma relação singular-plural com o contexto escolar. Os professores constroem modos distintos de ensinar música e criam estratégias de ação que lhes possibilitam arregimentar aliados para que continuem o seu processo de vir a ser professores de música na escola. A pesquisa contribui para que a área de educação musical possa ampliar os conceitos sobre a profissionalização de professores que atuam com o ensino de música nas escolas de educação básica. Dar visibilidade às práticas músico-educacionais vividas pelos professores no contexto escolar indica dimensões do vir a ser professor de música. Um dos caminhos que esta pesquisa aponta é que, para tornar-se professor de música na educação básica, é necessário tomar a profissionalização como uma narrativa. / This research aimed at investigating how teachers undergraduate in other areas of knowledge become music teachers in schools of basic education. More specifically, it aimed to understand how these teachers entered in the educational municipal system of the city of Sinop, Mato Grosso, mid-western Brazil; how they teach music at schools and how they see themselves as school music teachers. The theoretical framework was constituted by the concepts of professionalization elaborated by Antonio Nóvoa and Betânia Ramalho, Isauro Núñez and Clermont Gauthier and the theoretical perspective – actor-network theory developed by Bruno Latour, whose principles complement the concept of professionalization. The research adopted a biographical approach, specifically that of the narratives. The research technique used was the narrative interview, called as narratives of professionalization. The study was carried out with ten teachers of the municipal system of Sinop. The analysis indicates that the professionalization is constituted as a narrative. The narrative of professionalization is a process constituted by narrow actions carried out by the teachers in the contexts where they work. These actions, which constitute the teachers as professionals, are generated by the needs of the context. The teachers build their professionalization through weaving a singular-plural relationship with the school context. They elaborate distinct modes of teaching music and create strategies for action that allows them to gather allies to continue their process of becoming music teachers at school. The research contributes to the field of music education through broadening the concepts about the professionalization of teachers who work with music education in the schools. Furthermore, the process of making visible the practices of music education lived by the teachers in the school context indicates dimensions of how one comes to be a music teacher. The research concludes that, in order to become a music teacher in the school of basic education, it is necessary to conceive, and to live, the professionalization as a narrative.

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral investigar como professores licenciados em outras áreas do conhecimento – Ploa se tornam professores de música na educação básica. Como objetivos específicos, busquei: compreender como esses professores se inseriram na Rede Municipal de Ensino de Sinop – Remes como professores de música; como ensinam música na escola e como se veem como professores de música na escola. O referencial teórico do trabalho está fundamentado em conceitos de profissionalização dos educadores Antonio Nóvoa e Betânia Ramalho, Isauro Núñez e Clermont Gauthier, e na perspectiva teórica – teoria ator-rede desenvolvida por Bruno Latour. Os princípios desenvolvidos por Bruno Latour complementam o conceito de profissionalização no que se refere ao aspecto do profissionismo. O método utilizado foi a abordagem biográfica, mais especificamente as narrativas. A estratégia de pesquisa utilizada foi a entrevista narrativa, denominada no trabalho como narrativas de profissionalização. O estudo foi realizado com dez professores que atuam na Remes. A análise indica que a profissionalização se constitui como uma narrativa. A narrativa de profissionalização é um processo de ações minúsculas praticadas pelos docentes no interior de seus contextos. Essas ações, que vão constituindo os professores em profissionais, são geradas pelas necessidades do contexto. Os professores constroem a sua profissionalização tecendo uma relação singular-plural com o contexto escolar. Os professores constroem modos distintos de ensinar música e criam estratégias de ação que lhes possibilitam arregimentar aliados para que continuem o seu processo de vir a ser professores de música na escola. A pesquisa contribui para que a área de educação musical possa ampliar os conceitos sobre a profissionalização de professores que atuam com o ensino de música nas escolas de educação básica. Dar visibilidade às práticas músico-educacionais vividas pelos professores no contexto escolar indica dimensões do vir a ser professor de música. Um dos caminhos que esta pesquisa aponta é que, para tornar-se professor de música na educação básica, é necessário tomar a profissionalização como uma narrativa. / This research aimed at investigating how teachers undergraduate in other areas of knowledge become music teachers in schools of basic education. More specifically, it aimed to understand how these teachers entered in the educational municipal system of the city of Sinop, Mato Grosso, mid-western Brazil; how they teach music at schools and how they see themselves as school music teachers. The theoretical framework was constituted by the concepts of professionalization elaborated by Antonio Nóvoa and Betânia Ramalho, Isauro Núñez and Clermont Gauthier and the theoretical perspective – actor-network theory developed by Bruno Latour, whose principles complement the concept of professionalization. The research adopted a biographical approach, specifically that of the narratives. The research technique used was the narrative interview, called as narratives of professionalization. The study was carried out with ten teachers of the municipal system of Sinop. The analysis indicates that the professionalization is constituted as a narrative. The narrative of professionalization is a process constituted by narrow actions carried out by the teachers in the contexts where they work. These actions, which constitute the teachers as professionals, are generated by the needs of the context. The teachers build their professionalization through weaving a singular-plural relationship with the school context. They elaborate distinct modes of teaching music and create strategies for action that allows them to gather allies to continue their process of becoming music teachers at school. The research contributes to the field of music education through broadening the concepts about the professionalization of teachers who work with music education in the schools. Furthermore, the process of making visible the practices of music education lived by the teachers in the school context indicates dimensions of how one comes to be a music teacher. The research concludes that, in order to become a music teacher in the school of basic education, it is necessary to conceive, and to live, the professionalization as a narrative.

While striving for excellence in an increasingly market-dominated, multicultural, multilingual, service-oriented, and globalised society, language practitioners – translators, text editors, interpreters, audio describers, sign language interpreters and subtitlers – in South Africa and Flanders find themselves under increasing pressure to defend the professional status of their work, and to justify the conception of their different occupations as a homogenous profession. Given the cultural and mediatory role of the language practitioner in this decentralised, dynamic, complex, and virtual market, the professionalization of language practitioners is rapidly developing into a matter that needs urgent academic consideration. Scientific and multidisciplinary research on the occupations collectively and colloquially referred to as the “language professions”, or more academic, language practice, is therefore currently of the utmost importance and relevance to ensure market-related expert language services. Unquestionably, without such research language practice cannot become a bona fide profession. From the point of view of the sociology of professions, language practitioners are an extreme example of an understudied professional occupation (Sela-Sheffy & Schlesinger, 2011). By focusing attention on the marginal status of the language occupations (which persists despite the ever-increasing need for professionalized expert language services in a globalised multilingual and multicultural world), this research project aims to identify the perceived impediments to desired professional status for language practice, thereby creating a more systematic basis for future professionalization endeavour. The sociological literature on the professions as manifest in the functional, interactional and conflict approaches of Émile Durkheim, Max Weber, and Karl Marx, as well as a critical, postmodern approach offers a body of history and theory of the development of modern professions and their attributes. The service ideal; a viable income congruous with expert status; occupational autonomy and monopoly; career oriented training and continuing education; professional training institutions; professional bodies; ethics, and jurisdiction (see for example Abbott, 1988; Barber, 1963; Freidson, 1983, 1994; Goode, 1969; Hughes, 1963; Larson, 1977; Macdonald, 1995; Torstendahl & Burrage, 1990; Wilensky, 1964) are attributes unique to the “true profession”. These characteristics served as the matrix to establish a framework for the prototypical profession whereby the current professional status of language practitioners in South Africa and Flanders could be ascertained, and a formal language practice “professional project” initiated. Using the “professional project” (Larson, 1977) as a conceptual tool advantageously establishes the concrete, historically bounded character of the professions as empirical entities (Witz, 1992:64) within the context of three different approaches to categorisation as described in this project: the classical model, the critical model, and the prototype model. The identification of perceived obstacles to the professionalization of language practice as per the literature provided the context for a comparative appraisal of the current professional state of affairs of language practitioners in South Africa and Flanders. An objective investigation into the character of these obstacles revealed the catalyst opportunities inherent in the alleged barriers to professionalization. This perspective provides a rational framework for the implementation of essential measures to augment a viable professional project of language practitioners in general. / Thesis (PhD (Afrikaans and Dutch))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012

While striving for excellence in an increasingly market-dominated, multicultural, multilingual, service-oriented, and globalised society, language practitioners – translators, text editors, interpreters, audio describers, sign language interpreters and subtitlers – in South Africa and Flanders find themselves under increasing pressure to defend the professional status of their work, and to justify the conception of their different occupations as a homogenous profession. Given the cultural and mediatory role of the language practitioner in this decentralised, dynamic, complex, and virtual market, the professionalization of language practitioners is rapidly developing into a matter that needs urgent academic consideration. Scientific and multidisciplinary research on the occupations collectively and colloquially referred to as the “language professions”, or more academic, language practice, is therefore currently of the utmost importance and relevance to ensure market-related expert language services. Unquestionably, without such research language practice cannot become a bona fide profession. From the point of view of the sociology of professions, language practitioners are an extreme example of an understudied professional occupation (Sela-Sheffy & Schlesinger, 2011). By focusing attention on the marginal status of the language occupations (which persists despite the ever-increasing need for professionalized expert language services in a globalised multilingual and multicultural world), this research project aims to identify the perceived impediments to desired professional status for language practice, thereby creating a more systematic basis for future professionalization endeavour. The sociological literature on the professions as manifest in the functional, interactional and conflict approaches of Émile Durkheim, Max Weber, and Karl Marx, as well as a critical, postmodern approach offers a body of history and theory of the development of modern professions and their attributes. The service ideal; a viable income congruous with expert status; occupational autonomy and monopoly; career oriented training and continuing education; professional training institutions; professional bodies; ethics, and jurisdiction (see for example Abbott, 1988; Barber, 1963; Freidson, 1983, 1994; Goode, 1969; Hughes, 1963; Larson, 1977; Macdonald, 1995; Torstendahl & Burrage, 1990; Wilensky, 1964) are attributes unique to the “true profession”. These characteristics served as the matrix to establish a framework for the prototypical profession whereby the current professional status of language practitioners in South Africa and Flanders could be ascertained, and a formal language practice “professional project” initiated. Using the “professional project” (Larson, 1977) as a conceptual tool advantageously establishes the concrete, historically bounded character of the professions as empirical entities (Witz, 1992:64) within the context of three different approaches to categorisation as described in this project: the classical model, the critical model, and the prototype model. The identification of perceived obstacles to the professionalization of language practice as per the literature provided the context for a comparative appraisal of the current professional state of affairs of language practitioners in South Africa and Flanders. An objective investigation into the character of these obstacles revealed the catalyst opportunities inherent in the alleged barriers to professionalization. This perspective provides a rational framework for the implementation of essential measures to augment a viable professional project of language practitioners in general. / Thesis (PhD (Afrikaans and Dutch))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012

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The aim of this thesis is to explore a new phenomenon of professionalization in the non-governmental organizations and its impact on the sectoral identity of non-governmental organizations that are targeted to handicapped people. Because of the modernization a trend of professionalisation enters to non profit sector. This process changes the structure of organizations. The most important changes are a spreading of professional knowledge that leads to increasing of professionals in organizations. Other changes are the division of labour, changes in the hierarchy and the structure of the organization, the accessibility for the public, financing, and also that professionals start to have a bigger impact on organizations. This transformation changes characteristics of sectoral identity of non-givernmental organizations that are starting to be similar to public administratiion institutions or to commercial subjects. The basic hypothesis of this thesis is: The more proffesionalized the organizations are the less characteristics of sectoral identity they show. The sectoral identity is a concept that was determined for this thesis according to the definitiion of non-governemnetal organizations of Salamon and Anheier. They determined five characteristics of non-governmenatl organizations. This thesis...

For Christian professional youth workers, the transition from student to employee positions them at the interstices of convergent and competing discourses. This thesis argues that Christian youth workers can position themselves within these discourses by articulating an authentic faith integrated with professional practice. This positioning is produced and reproduced by performative expectations and the influence of relations of power. The notion of one, unitary professional identity is deemed futile as Christian professional youth workers mobilize a complex range of identities within a range of liminal spaces. Youth workers are suspended within an extended liminal state, which opens up different possibilities for professionalism within Christian professional youth work. This thesis contributes to knowledge particularly for the sociology of the professions and specifically with regard to training and subsequent employment of those within professional occupations. Theoretically, this thesis develops Turner’s thinking in relation to the three phases of separation, liminality and reincorporation and how they apply to the understanding of transition from training to employment. Turner’s phases appear to be incomplete for the understanding of the particular issues that individuals face in the forming of identity in late modern contexts. His thinking on separation and liminality adopt a more nuanced meaning in that the statuses are not as clearly defined as would be initially thought. Likewise, reincorporation is elusive, since Christian professional youth workers are suspended within a permanent state of liminality. This thesis redeems the notion of professionalism from a secular liberal ideal, allowing spirituality to flourish once again. A Christian professional can, and does, express an authentic sense of self within different discursive domains. The crossing of discursive boundaries allows for creativity and experimentation that enriches faith and professionalism. The two influence each other in productive ways. Professionalism as the profane becomes the sacred through the experiences of Christian professionals. Of course, professionalism becoming sacred is not the domain of the Christian only. This is pertinent for a person of any faith belonging to a professional occupation and seeking to express their faith through their work.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.