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This thesis presents an in-depth ethnographic mapping of deceased donation in a Catalan hospital. A unique site in terms of leading edge technoscientific practices, high rates of donation and its consolidated specialised team of transplant coordinators (TCs). The thesis situates donation as an embedded medical practice and traces the practicalities and specificities of making donation a possibility at the hospital. The empirical accounts offer a distinctive contribution that complements and challenges existing social sciences literature about donation. The latter have predominantly focused on donation as a controversial practice through highlighting the emotional experiences of donors’ families and individual medical practitioners involved. This empirical investigation mobilises, and further develops, STS material semiotics tools to provide an account of donation enacted as both procurement and healthcare. Ethnographic insights illustrate the shifting processes of mutual inclusion and exclusion that underpin the trajectory of integrating donation as a routinized hospital practice, along the recurring set of enduring tensions. This is achieved by following the work of TCs along the stages of donor detection, evaluation, maintenance, consent request and organ extraction. Crucially, the analytical focus decenters the individual actors’ perspectives, broadening the scope of the inquiry and making visible the complex sociomaterial arrangements that take place, inside and outside the hospital, which are rendered as a gradual process of assembling donations. Families’ consent to donation is essential but it is decentered, it is neither that which starts a donation process nor the only factor that contributes to the assembling of a donation process. Unlike available anthropological and sociological studies of donation this work is not about documenting the reductionist transition from patient to donor, whole to parts, person to thing and denouncing the fall from subject to object reified in donation practices. The emphasis here is on tracing the overlap between donors as patients, thus the analysis shows the shifting enactments of the embedded donor/patient configuration, which includes the donor/body, donor/person and donor/corpse figures simultaneously along the donation process. The intervention of bodies as active entities is examined through a speculative and pragmatic elucidation on the situated and relational enactments of responsive bodies and organs. This thesis contributes to contemporary re/articulations of materiality and agency through the lens of distributed joint action and entangled actors from a nonanthropomorphic stance. The research also contributes to current policy debates in the UK, and in Scotland in particular, that propose to tackle the national problem of low donation rates with a legislative move to an opt-out system for donation. It offers robust empirical evidence to contest the dominant organ shortage problematisation that is reduced to the legal polarity of either opting in or out of donation. I suggest that questions about increasing donation rates cannot be restricted to the domain of individual choice as this excludes the situated medical practices that enable the choice of donation in the first place.

The thesis debates one of the modes of succession, namely testamentary succession. A testament is, in accordance with Law No. 89/2012 of the Civil Code, one of the dispositions mortis causa. Inheritance contract and testamentary clause on legacy, along with testament, belong among dispositions mortis causa according to the law cited. The deceased exercises his or her will through such. The target of this work is to describe the current form of testamentary succession in its effective rule, focusing on facultative elements of a testament. The work is divided into six chapters. The opening chapter contains a discussion on succession rights, first in general and then the requirements of the creation of succession rights follow, as well as the other inheritance titles in their effective rule. The second chapter defines a brief excursion into the Roman law. In the subchapters, individual testament forms in the Roman law, testamentary competence, succession against testament, revocation and nullity of testament are included. The third chapter deals with testamentary succession itself; it is divided into eight subchapters. The first subchapter defines the term of testament. The following two subchapters deal with legal competence and the effects of error. The testament form is defined in the fourth subchapter. In...

Master Thesis Abstract Institute of Political Studies Faculty of Social Sciences Charles University in Prague Author: Pavithra Ramesh Supervisor: Janusz Salamon, Ph.D. E-mail: Pavithra.ramesh14@gmail.co m E-mail: janusz.salamon@univ- oxford.com Phone: +420774960096 Phone: +420731816202 Specialisation: IEPS Defense Planned: June 2017 Topic: Bioethics is the study concerned with the implications of medical procedures, technologies and treatments from the perspective of ethics, philosophy, law and its implementation. It encompasses a wide range of ethical concerns in relation to organ transplants, genetic engineering, artificial reproduction, euthanasia etc. My thesis is an attempt to probe into certain ethical nuances amidst the technological advances in the field of medicine. Particularly, with respect to organ trade in India. Since the origin of medicine the primal goals have followed the Hippocratic Oath of "Cure sometimes, treat often, comfort always." (Adams 1891). The questions this perception of early medicine leaves us with are: Have we withdrawn from the compassion and ethics prescribed with the advent of advanced lab technology? What are the issues around organ trade in India? What causes these issues? And how can this be dealt with? The approach to pursue the answers for the above, revolves around...

No / This study considered the nature of continuing bonds with deceased relatives in a sample of Pakistani Muslims living in the United Kingdom. Ten participants were interviewed following a cultural psychology approach and transcripts were analyzed using grounded theory methodology. Dreaming, talking with others about the deceased, following the deceased's example, keeping memories and mementos, and doing actions thought to help the deceased were forms of continued relationship found. These were intertwined with the process of grieving and were influenced by the family, culture, and religion. Religion was a strong influence on the prominence given by participants to finishing well and on the notion of doing actions thought to help the deceased. Cultural mores, such as the community, and collectivist ethos and the expectation that emotion would be expressed around the time of death, were found to be supportive for some but sources of tension for other participants. Expressing a continuing bond through following the deceased's example so as to make them proud or happy seemed to be reinforced by cultural roots in respect for elders. Participants gave instances of tensions in areas such as expression of emotion and communality versus individualism that arose as a result of their position between two cultural frameworks, some illustrating how assimilation into the host culture set up conflict with the expected norms of their family/ancestral culture. The study highlights how understanding different cultural and religious influences may enrich the concept of continuing bonds.

The impact of deceased tissue donation and transplantation is far-reaching; however, little is known about the public’s attitudes towards tissue donation. Siminoff, Traino, and Gordon (2010) found that families’ attitudes towards tissue donation were a significant predictor of consent; specifically, families that were initially favorable towards tissue donation were more likely to donate their loved ones tissues than families that were initially unfavorable towards tissue donation. Using a qualitative coding approach and the Tripartite Model of Attitude Structure (affective, behavioral, and cognitive attitude components) as a conceptual framework, families’ expressed attitudes toward tissue donation were extracted from N=240 audiorecordings of past tissue donation requests from 16 different OPOs. In addition, semi-structured interviews were conducted with N=14 Tissue Requesters from LifeNet Health in Virginia Beach, Virginia about their perceptions of families’ attitudes. Together, 14 attitude domains and 34 subdomains were derived from the families’ expressed attitudes. Several multivariate analyses were performed. After controlling for time spent discussing tissue donation and confusion between tissues and organs, affective attitudes were significantly different among three FDM initial response groups (favorable, unsure, and unfavorable). Further, the attitude domains “donation invokes positive emotion” and “pro-donation behaviors” were the best discriminators of FDM groups. Suggestions for educational interventions were discussed.

v anglickém jazyce The aim of the thesis is to compare legal regulations of testament in the Czech and German legislation. A maiori ad minus methodical procedure is used in the thesis. After general characteristics of testament, the work is focused on the regulation of testament in Roman law, which significantly influenced the current legislation in the Czech and German law. Furthermore, the attention is paid to the regulation of testament on the Czech territory during 20th century, especially to the Czech Civil Code 40/1964. Subsequently, the thesis characterizes the current legal regulation of testament in the Czech Civil Code 89/2012 in detail. This analysis is mainly based on legislation, expert commentaries and literature, judgment and internet resources. After processing the Czech regulation of testament, the thesis changes its area of interest to the regulation of the German legislation of testament. At this chapter similar methodological procedure and legal resources were used. The comparison of testament in the Czech and German legal system showed following conclusion: although the legal regulation of testament is very similar, especially due to the historical roots of Czech and German law, several significant differences have been revealed, e. g. the concept of capacity to dispose, the...

Master of Arts / Department of Communication Studies / Soo-Hye Han / Advancements in technology, particularly the introduction of online social networking sites, have expanded the modes available when handling the death of a loved one. This study examines how individuals use the Facebook profile pages of deceased persons to cope with loss and maintain relationships with them. An extensive content analysis of Facebook profiles of ten deceased individuals was conducted to investigate what the living discuss in their messages to the deceased in the semi-public setting of a Facebook profile page and if this content changes over the course of time. This analysis revealed that messages to the deceased reflect three themes: 1) processing the death, 2) remembering the deceased, and 3) maintaining the relationship. In addition to these dominant themes, the data also indicated that the content of messages shifted over time. Messages that contained the processing of death remained consistent over time, while posts that reflected remembrance of the deceased decreased, and messages that demonstrated relationship maintenance increased with time. This study utilizes the theoretical frameworks of continuing bonds and social information processing to draw implications of these findings. By examining the content written and how messages change over time, this study provides insight into how people cope with loss and maintain relationships with their deceased loved ones in the digital age.

Submitted by Liliane Ferreira (ljuvencia30@gmail.com) on 2018-04-24T11:27:02Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Elizete Rodrigues Alves - 2006.pdf: 1347191 bytes, checksum: 162740697d2866605a6cb27af21c1125 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-04-24T11:51:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Elizete Rodrigues Alves - 2006.pdf: 1347191 bytes, checksum: 162740697d2866605a6cb27af21c1125 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-24T11:51:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Elizete Rodrigues Alves - 2006.pdf: 1347191 bytes, checksum: 162740697d2866605a6cb27af21c1125 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-06-06 / Among the fruit trees options to the region, it comes the fig tree culture (Ficus carica L.) which has an easy adaptation, comparing to other fruit trees, it shows a great option because of the possibility to have not only unripe figs to industry, but also good conditions to the ripe figs to be consumed in natura. Goias fig tree cultivation is an unknown activity, despite of fig being widely used as in natura and industrialized. The most of the fig consumed in Goiás and Distrito Federal is imported from São Paulo or Rio Grande do Sul, which becomes the product expensive due to the transportation taxes. Moreover, one is about a highly perishable product. With the objective then to evaluate the behavior of the culture of the fig in the conditions of Goiânia. verifying the effect of the type of distribution of the covering deceased in the ground, of the amount of branches left after the pruning, in the vegetative development and the production of figs and on the basis of to define the length of the foliar limb, a half not-destructive fast and esteem, through mathematical model, the foliar area of the fig in the field conditions. The work was developed EMBRAPA in Goiânia-GO. Had been evaluated 100 plants of fig and in as the 60. In the first experiment the plants had been submitted the three treatments in the parcel: covering deceased in the base of the plant, covering deceased in the plantation line and covering deceased in total area. In subparcelas to the treatments the pruning had been the amount of branches left after: 12, 18 and 24 branches. In as the experiment the pruning was evaluated the amount of branches left after that had been: 24, 36 and 48 branches. Also three mathematical models for the determination of the foliar area had been evaluated. The plants submitted to the treatments with covering deceased in the base of a plant and covering in the plantation line, had had one better vegetative development (leaf diameter, length and number) in relation to the treatment with covering deceased in area total. Amount of branches left after the pruning influenced in the amount of leves for plant, the more left branches bigger were the amount of leves. The length and the diameter of the branches had not been influenced by the amount of branches left after the pruning. The use of mathematical model, using the linear measures of fig leves if showed efficient in the determination of the leaf area. / O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do tipo de distribuição da cobertura morta no solo, no desenvolvimento vegetativo da figueira (Ficus carica L.) cultivar Roxo de Valinhos e da quantidade de ramos deixados após a poda. Devido ao tipo de sistema radicular, bastante superficial, não é recomendado o uso excessivo de máquinas agrícolas entre as plantas de figueira no pomar. Esta característica peculiar evidencia ainda mais a importância da cobertura morta proporcionando uma condição mais adequada na zona de maior concentração das raízes. A utilização de cobertura morta é essencial para a cultura do figo, e verificamos no presente trabalho que a forma de distribuição dessa cobertura morta influenciou no desenvolvimento da cultura. As plantas submetidas aos tratamentos com cobertura morta na base da planta (cobertura 1) e cobertura na linha de plantio (cobertura 2), tiveram um melhor desenvolvimento vegetativo (diâmetro, comprimento e número de folhas) em relação ao tratamento com cobertura morta em área total. Novos estudos com a cultura da figueira necessitam ser realizados na região Centro-Oeste.

I takt med att behovet av organ ökar utförs det fler organtransplantationer varje år. För att kunna få ett nytt organ innebär det för många att någon annan avlider under de omständigheterna så att organen kan doneras, och framförallt att viljan att donera sina organ finns från den avlidne eller dess anhöriga. Ett beslut som kan ge flera andra livet tillbaka. Transplantationsprocessen är lång och slutar inte när det nya organet är transplanterat, förutom livslång medicinering kan många tankar och frågor uppstå. Syftet med studien var att beskriva patienters upplevelser att leva med ett organ från en avliden donator. Studien genomfördes som en allmän litteraturstudie där tio resultatartiklar som svarade till studiens syfte granskades och sammanställdes, vilket resulterade i fem teman; Upplevelser av tacksamhet, Upplevelser av ansvar inför donator, Upplevelser av ett förändrat själv, Upplevelser av skuld samt Upplevelser av sorg. Huvudfynden i resultatet var att mottagarna upplevde en förändring av sig själva efter transplantationen samt upplevelser av tacksamhet över att ha fått en andra chans i livet. För att hantera förändringen krävs det hjälp och förståelse från sjukvården. Större förståelse kring mottagares upplevelser efter transplantationen med organ från en avliden donator behövs för att bättre kunna bemöta deras behov. / The need for organ transplants has risen considerably, that is why there are more organ transplants carried out each year. To acquire a new organ means for many that somebody has to die during circumstances that an organ can be donated and the donor or their relatives must have a will to donate their organ. The transplant process is long and doesn't end when the new organ is transplanted, in addition to lifelong medication there can be many thoughts and questions that can arise. The purpose of this study was to describe the patients experience to live with an organ from a deceased donor. The study was carried out like a general literature study. The ten resulting articles were assessed, compiled and resulted in the following five themes: Experience of gratefulness, Experience of responsibility to the donator, Experience of a changed self, Experience of guilt and Experience of grief. The main findings from the study is that the recipient experiences a change in their self and experience of gratefulness. A wider understanding around the recipient experiences after a transplant with an organ from a deceased donor, where personal treatment is needed to support the requirements.