Submitted by Joana Azevedo (joanad@id.uff.br) on 2018-01-09T17:05:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Nilson L Soares.pdf: 2456381 bytes, checksum: 04ac4fa2402176f3e9bb4d6b404f30a0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca da Escola de Engenharia (bee@ndc.uff.br) on 2018-01-12T12:12:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Nilson L Soares.pdf: 2456381 bytes, checksum: 04ac4fa2402176f3e9bb4d6b404f30a0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-12T12:12:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Nilson L Soares.pdf: 2456381 bytes, checksum: 04ac4fa2402176f3e9bb4d6b404f30a0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-07 / Muitos são os problemas enfrentados pelas indústrias para atender as legislações e normas vigentes no país. Especificamente em estaleiros navais, o atendimento à legislação ambiental é ainda maior, dada a natureza da atividade. Este ramo industrial está diretamente relacionado com o meio ambiente. Esta pesquisa apresenta um estudo sobre as práticas de gerenciamento ambiental em estaleiros navais, com empregos de critérios elencados por profissionais e especialistas ambientais deste setor industrial. Empregaram-se conjuntamente nesta análise dois métodos de Apoio Multicritério à Decisão, os métodos: AHP – Analytic Hierarchy Process e o TODIM – Tomada de Decisão Interativa Multicritério. Na implementação desta pesquisa obteve-se a ordenação de alternativas, provenientes das ponderações dos critérios propostos por especialistas do setor, e observou-se êxito no emprego dos métodos de Apoio Multicritério à Decisão, verificando-se que podem subsidiar a tomada de decisão auxiliando a gestão ambiental na indústria naval / Many are the problems faced by industries to comply the laws and current standards in the country. Specifically in shipyards, compliance with environmental legislation and even greater the given nature of the activity. This industrial branch is directly related to the environment. This research presents a study of the environmental management practices in shipyards, with jobs of criteria listed by professionals and environmental specialists of this industrial sector. There are two methods of Multiple Criteria Decision that were used in this analysis: AHP - Analytic Hierarchy Process and the TODIM - Interactive Decision Making Multiple Criteria. In the implementation of this research, we obtained the ordering of alternatives derived from the criteria weightings proposed by industry experts, and we found success in the use of Multiple Criteria Decision methods, being verified that they can subsidize the decision making aiding the environmental management in the naval industry.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:38:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniel Arndt Alves.pdf: 2209407 bytes, checksum: a6666b076f2092849473cc3bea05c83a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08-11 / Content Management Systems (CMS) are essential tools for the development and maintenance of corporate and educational portals, and their choices are essential to the success and update of those real sources of information. This choice becomes extremely complex and expensive due to a variety of products available that offer features and attributes that while delivery facilities requires more and more services to its permanent update. In the choice process it is necessary to consider all the desired and offered functional requirements in each product so that this choice will consider the best possible technical and professional conditions of each Portal to be developed. This research shows the to development of a methodology and a system for decision support in this assessment and choice, considering many options as subjective, technical and usability criteria. A case study is presented for the construction and maintenance of a university portal. / Sistemas de Gerenciamento de Conteúdos (Content Management Systems CMS) são ferramentas essenciais para o desenvolvimento e manutenção de portais corporativos e educacionais, e sua escolha criteriosa é fundamental para o sucesso e a atualização destas verdadeiras centrais de informações, imprescindíveis hoje em dia. Esta escolha tornou-se uma tarefa extremamente complexa e dispendiosa devido à grande diversidade de produtos disponíveis que oferecem características e atributos que, ao mesmo tempo, oferecem facilidades e requerem muito serviço para sua permanente atualização. No processo de escolha é necessário considerar todos os requisitos funcionais desejados e oferecidos em cada produto para que esta escolha venha a atender da melhor forma possível às condições técnicas e profissionais de cada portal a ser desenvolvido. Esta pesquisa apresenta o desenvolvimento de uma metodologia e um sistema para apoio à decisão nessa avaliação e escolha, considerando múltiplas opções, ou critérios tanto técnicos quanto subjetivos e de usabilidade. Um estudo de caso é apresentado para a construção e manutenção de um portal universitário.

A hierarquia do gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos apresenta-se como a melhor opção global em termos ambientais ao prever práticas de redução na fonte e processos de recuperação material e energética anteriores à disposição final. Suas diretrizes foram incorporadas pela Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos, redefinindo responsabilidades e estratégias em gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos. Aplicada aos resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU), a hierarquia envolve, além do aspecto ambiental, a análise de viabilidade econômica, aspectos sociais, aspectos de saúde pública, a análise de viabilidade técnica e a motivação política, tornando contextual a tomada de decisão para implementação de estratégias nesse sentido. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a preferência de especialistas por cenários orientados à hierarquia do gerenciamento de RSU em São Carlos/SP utilizando a Metodologia Multicritério de Apoio à Decisão. Inicialmente, foram identificadas, através da revisão da literatura, ações e/ou métodos de tratamento de RSU voltados à hierarquia do gerenciamento de RSU. Posteriormente, foram identificados os critérios de decisão por meio da construção de mapas cognitivos com 6 atores de reconhecida experiência em gerenciamento de RSU no contexto do município. Os mapas cognitivos também restringiram as alternativas de decisão àquelas passíveis de serem empregadas pelo poder público municipal. Com base na avaliação dos mapas, foram selecionados 10 critérios de decisão e construídos 11 cenários (ações potenciais) contemplando as alternativas, compondo o modelo multicritério de apoio à decisão. Os critérios de decisão englobaram aspectos econômicos, ambientais, de saúde pública e sociais. Os cenários foram construídos considerando estratégias de recuperação material (compostagem e reciclagem), recuperação energética (biogás e incineração) e redução na fonte (cobrança de taxas, consumo consciente e incentivo à reutilização). Para avaliação da importância dos critérios utilizou-se a metodologia Delphi, associada ao Analytic Hierarchy Process, envolvendo 18 especialistas que também avaliaram o desempenho dos cenários segundo os objetivos de cada critério. Dentre os critérios, obtiveram as maiores importâncias relativas aqueles relacionados à saúde pública e à recuperação material, sendo os de mais baixa importância relativa os critérios de recuperação energética e de geração de créditos de carbono. O julgamento do modelo multicritério pelos especialistas subsidiou a aplicação dos Métodos Multicritério de Apoio à Decisão Compromise Programming, Cooperative Game Theory, ELECTRE II e PROMETHEE II, disponíveis para apoio à decisão no software MCDA-FEC (UNICAMP). Seus resultados mostraram que os cenários preferidos foram aqueles que conjugaram estratégias de recuperação material e energética, sendo menos preferidos aqueles que previram apenas a incineração, com ou sem recuperação energética. / Waste management hierarchy presents the best global option in environmental terms as it foresees ways of source reduction, material and energy recovery processes, and establishes the final disposition as the last desired option. Its policies were incorporated by the \"Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos\", conditioning resolutions for solid waste management strategies in Brazil. Besides the environmental aspect, applied to municipal solid wastes hierarchy involves evaluation of costs, social impacts, public health criteria, analysis of technical viability and political motivation, contextualizing the decision-maker related to the implementation of strategies in this direction. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate specialists preference for scenarios that were oriented to MSW management hierarchy in Sao Carlos/SP using the Multicriteria Decision Aid methodology. Strategies and/or MSW treatment methods associated with hierarchy\'s policies were initially identified through literature revision. Afterwards, decision criteria were identified through the construction of cognitive maps with 6 experienced people of accepted importance for the MSW management in the city\'s context. Cognitive maps also restricted decision alternatives to those susceptible of being taken by public law in the county. Ten decision criteria were selected and eleven scenarios were constructed based on the alternatives, composing the decision support model for multi-criteria analysis. Decision criteria included economical, environmental, public health and social aspects. Scenarios were composed of material recovery strategies (composting and recycling), energy recovery (biogas and incineration) and source reduction (fee collection, environmental education and reuse incentive). For criteria importance evaluation, Delphi methodology (associated to Analytic Hierarchy Process) was used involving 18 specialists that also evaluated scenarios performance according to each criterion objective. Regarding the criteria, those related to public health and material recovery obtained the highest relative importance, and the lowest relative importance were obtained by criteria of energy recovery and generation of carbon credits. The information obtained by specialists model evaluation supported the application of Multicriteria Decision Aid methods Compromise Programming, Cooperative Game Theory, ELECTRE II and PROMETHEE II, available for decision support in MCDA-FEC software. Its results show that the most preferable scenarios are those conjugate material and energy recovery strategies, and those that use the incineration process are less preferable, with or without energy recovery system.

For a little less than twenty years, researchers have worked on integrating Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Multi-Criteria Decision Aid (MCDA). Several contributions have been done by integrating DEA with different MCDA methods to bring this field to what it is today. After studying the course of Multi-Criteria Data Envelopment Analysis (MCDEA) integration through numerous works, the future of such an attempt can be questionable. For this aim, the PROMETHEE method in MCDA has been integrated with DEA. To the best of our knowledge, this synergy has been done for the first time in this thesis.Two synergies have been conducted: Using PROMETHEE in DEA and vice versa. The first contribution applies PROMETHEE in DEA to develop a new weight restricted DEA model. This new model has two main characteristics: more discrimination power between efficient units and engaging a priori information of decision makers in DEA. The second contribution uses both DEA and PROMETHEE to propose a new ranking technique. DEA is employed to generate a pairwise comparison matrix to be used in PROMETHEE for the purpose of ranking alternatives. The last contribution uses DEA in PROMETHEE. It presents a new algorithm to propose weights in the context of the PROMETHEE II method based on DEA. Furthermore, these two methods can be used in parallel. Comparing the results obtained from DEA and PROMETHEE in evaluating the performance of units enriches the analysis of decision-making problem by confirming the robustness of answers. The purpose of this integration is to provide some tools to help decision makers in the process of evaluating the performance of alternatives and analyzing the multicriteria decision-making problems. / Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur et technologie / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Actuellement, le marché aéronautique est en constante augmentation. Pour faire face à cela, les avionneurs doivent se restructurer et revoir les processus de fabrication des pièces. En effet, il est nécessaire d’augmenter les cadences et réduire les prix tout en conservant les performances des pièces (poids et résistance mécanique). Cependant, ces trois objectifs sont contradictoires et un compromis est difficile à trouver. Ces travaux de thèse abordent cette problématique dans le cadre du CORAC. Ils proposent une manière originale d’optimiser une pièce de structure aéronautique qui vise à développer une nouvelle approche de la conception de pièces et de processus de fabrication pour tendre vers des solutions de compromis performantes. Pour ce faire, une méthodologie multicritère en trois étapes est proposée. D’abord, l’expertise industrielle est formalisée afin de formuler le problème mathématiquement. Ensuite, un algorithme génétique est utilisé afin de déterminer une population de solutions dont les performances sont placées sur un front de Pareto.Enfin, une étape de choix parmi la population finale prenant en compte le contexte industriel est mise en place. Cette méthodologie est appliquée à une porte d’avion moyen-courrier fabriquée par matriçage puis usinage. Dans ce cas, elle permet de choisir la solution la plus adaptée au contexte industriel parmi mille solutions de compromis. / Nowadays, the aeronautical market grows constantly. To face this, aircraft industry has to restructure and the manufacturing processes must be revised. Indeed, production rate must increase and manufacturing cost decrease while keeping the performances of the parts (weight and mechanical resistance). These objectives are contradictory and compromises must be found. This thesis broaches this problematic in relation to the CORAC. A novel method to optimize an aeronautical structural part and its manufacturing process is developed to tend toward performing compromise solutions. To do so, a three steps multi-criteria method is proposed. First, the industrial expertise is formalized to mathematically express the problem. Then, a genetic algorithm is used to determine a population in which every solution is located on a single Pareto front. At least, a decision step is set up to find the best solution in the population considering the industrial environment of the part. This methodology is applied to an aircraft door manufactured by forging and machining. In this case, it allows choosing the solution that fit the most the industrial environment within a one thousand solutions’ population.

For a little over twenty years, researchers have worked on integrating multi-criteria aggregation procedures (MCAP) to GIS. Several notable contributions have brought this field to what it is today. After studying the course of MCDA-GIS integration through several works, we question the future of such an attempt. Indeed most works that aim for an integration do not survive long after their direct purpose has been fulfilled. We end up understanding through a critical review of the existing systems that technical integration means nothing if it is not visible to the user on an operational level.<p><p>We therefore propose several contributions to improve the usability of MCDA methods in a geographic context. One of our works consists in adapting the PROMETHEE-GAIA methodology to be used on maps for spatially referenced problems. To do so, we define symbols/glyphs that display select parts of the results obtained through the PROMETHEE and GAIA methods. This allows for the comparison of alternatives' profiles and characteristics based on their geographic location which wasn't possible before. This adaptation helps us combine multicriteria and geographic aspects in an entirely new way.<p>We also propose some extensions of the GAIA method to improve the quality of the results and reduce the risk of wrong interpretations to be made due to losses of data. / Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Use of Performance Measurement Systems through multi-criteria analysis to support the decision is constituted as an important tool that can support the diagnosis of competitiveness of organizations. Since the approach is intertwined with the business results and more specifically to the competition, this work focuses on measuring the performance of companies in the wine industry in southern Brazil, from business and industry dimensions. For this we opted for a qualitative and quantitative research, exploratory and descriptive, conducted through a multi case study. From the development of modeling and application in the wine sector in the region under study, it became possible to verify the criteria and critical success factors in the competitive landscape, that through multi-criteria analysis and use of performance indicators enabled the identification of prioritizing factors and the distinction regarding organizational performance in the context of the evaluated dimensions. The overall picture shows that only one of the companies surveyed can be considered fully competitive, confirming the strength of the pressures on the sector and the absence of strategies that allow companies a representative expansion. / O uso de Sistemas de Medição de Desempenho (SMD) através da análise multicritério como suporte a decisão se constitui como uma importante ferramenta capaz de subsidiar o diagnóstico da competitividade das organizações. Visto que a abordagem se entrelaça com os resultados empresariais e de maneira mais específica com a competição, esse trabalho concentra-se em medir o desempenho das empresas do setor vitivinícola na região sul do Brasil, a partir das dimensões empresarial e setorial. Para isso optou-se por uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa e quantitativa, exploratória e descritiva, realizada através de um estudo multicaso. A partir do desenvolvimento da modelagem e aplicação no setor vitivinícola da região em estudo, tornou-se possível verificar os critérios e os fatores críticos de sucesso do cenário competitivo, que através da análise multicritério e utilização de indicadores de desempenho viabilizaram a identificação da priorização dos fatores e da distinção, no que tange o desempenho organizacional no contexto das dimensões avaliadas. O panorama geral mostra que apenas uma das empresas pesquisadas pode ser considerada plenamente competitiva, o que confirma a intensidade das pressões sobre o setor e a ausência de estratégias que permitam as empresas uma representativa expansão.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The oil discoveries in Brazilian pre-salt began a strong mobilization of government and also private companies to the rescue of the shipbuilding industry in the country. With the objective to become the Brazilian industry globally competitive, various government incentives provided growth, expansion and modernization of this industry that already ranks fourth in the ranking of the largest craft producing countries of the world. In this context, despite not being a young industry in Brazil, shipbuilding, especially focused on oil exploration (offshore) proved to be important element for the growth of the economy, creating jobs, developing producing regions and boosting the entire chain productive. Despite the favorable environment in which shipbuilding and offshore industries are, there are still gaps that undermine competitiveness these organizations in the global market, as the skilled labor available, the adequacy of suppliers to their demands and the large need for investment in technology. Thus, this dissertation project aims at proposing a model able to measure the level of innovation in Brazilian shipbuilding and offshore, in the structural and business fields, based on a literature and documentary research on the characteristics of the industry sector, using for both assumptions regarding the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and the concepts of multi-criteria decision aid. The proposed model will be put to test in real companies, returning in its evaluation phase an index that represents the competitive performance of each industry evaluated, thus allowing comparison and discussion of the results. Subsequently, will be proposed recommendations able to leverage the innovation of those who submit the most unsatisfactory levels, thus demonstrating the relevance of modeling to increase the sector's competitiveness against the scenario that presents itself. / As descobertas de petróleo no pré-sal brasileiro iniciaram uma grande mobilização do governo e também de empresas privadas para o resgate da indústria de construção naval em todo país. Com o objetivo de tornar o setor brasileiro mundialmente competitivo, vários incentivos do governo proporcionaram o crescimento, expansão e modernização desta indústria que já ocupa a quarta posição no ranking dos maiores países produtores de embarcações do mundo. Neste âmbito, apesar de não ser um setor jovem no Brasil, a construção naval, em especial a voltada para exploração de petróleo (offshore) mostrou-se elemento importante para o crescimento da economia, criando empregos, desenvolvendo regiões produtoras e impulsionando toda a cadeia produtiva. Apesar do ambiente favorável em que se encontram as indústrias de construção naval e offshore na última década, ainda existem lacunas que prejudicam a inovação e a competitividade destas organizações no mercado global, como a qualificação da mão-de-obra disponível, as adequações dos fornecedores às suas demandas e a grande necessidade de investimento em tecnologia. Assim, este projeto de dissertação tem por objetivo propor uma modelagem capaz de mensurar o nível de gestão da inovação em indústrias de construção naval e offshore brasileiras, fundamentada em uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental sobre as características do setor, utilizando-se para tanto dos pressupostos referentes aos Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) e dos conceitos da abordagem multicritério de apoio à decisão. A modelagem proposta foi submetida a teste em empresas reais, retornando em sua fase de avaliação um índice que representa o desempenho em inovação de cada indústria avaliada, permitindo-se assim a comparação e discussão dos resultados obtidos. Posteriormente, foram propostas recomendações capazes de alavancar a gestão da inovação daquelas que apresentaram os níveis mais insatisfatórios, demonstrando-se assim a relevância da modelagem para elevar a inovação do setor frente ao cenário que se apresenta.

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-04-19T12:45:40Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação Renata Bib VF + Ficha Catalográfica.pdf: 1445099 bytes, checksum: df51246816f60be4bba2d6c27511f10a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-19T12:45:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação Renata Bib VF + Ficha Catalográfica.pdf: 1445099 bytes, checksum: df51246816f60be4bba2d6c27511f10a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-24 / Diante da necessidade de alinhamento entre a estratégia corporativa, a estratégia de produção e as decisões tomadas no âmbito da função produção, neste trabalho é apresentada uma proposta de modelo de decisão para priorização de projetos na manufatura sob uma ótica multicritério para integrar os aspectos estratégicos relevantes que devem ser priorizados conforme a estratégia de produção. A literatura apresenta procedimentos que permitem a identificação e definição de uma estratégia de produção alinhada com os objetivos da estratégia corporativa e requisitos da manufatura, para que esta possa alcançar os níveis de desempenho requeridos para atender à estratégia corporativa. A partir de procedimentos encontrados na literatura, a proposta deste trabalho busca integrar através de um modelo de apoio multicritério a decisão a priorização de projetos no âmbito da função produção e demais funções de apoio tomando por base as prioridades identificadas na estratégia de manufatura ou de produção da empresa. A motivação para desenvolver um modelo que pudesse ser aplicável em diferentes contextos levou à proposição de um modelo multicritério de apoio a decisão através da estruturação de um framework que pode ser facilmente adaptado para viabilizar sua aplicação em empresas com diferentes particularidades e requisitos de desempenho em relação aos objetivos estratégicos de produção. Para ilustrar a proposta deste trabalho, é apresentado um estudo de caso tomando por base uma indústria de transformação de plástico situada no Agreste pernambucano. Através da aplicação do modelo proposto, os resultados obtidos através do método PROMETHEE II com apoio da metodologia ROC indicam a prioridade entre os projetos para a manufatura e validam o modelo. / Due to the need of alignment amongst the corporate strategy, manufacturing strategy and the decision made within the system’s production function, this work presents a proposal for a decision model for establishing priorities over projects for manufacture considering multiple criteria to integrate strategic aspects, which should be prioritized according to the manufacturing strategy. The literature offers procedures that allow identifying and defining a manufacturing strategy aligned with the objectives defined in the corporate strategy considering manufacture requisites in order to achieve the required performance levels that shall meet the corporate strategy. Based on the procedures found on the literature, this work seeks to integrate through an MCDM model the prioritization of projects for the system’s production function and support functions based on the priorities identified on the manufacturing strategy. The motivation to develop a model that could be suitable for different contexts lead to the proposition of an MCDM model through a framework that can be easily adapted to enable its application in different types of companies regarding its particularities and performance requisites. To illustrate the proposal of this work is presented a case study on a plastic transformation manufacture located in midlands of Pernambuco. Through the case study, it was possible to observe the regional needs for projects and techniques that enable a management, control and improvements in order to achieve higher levels of productivity and quality for example. From the proposed model application, the results obtained by means of the PROMETHEE II method and the ROC technique reflects the priorities amongst the manufacture projects.

Constructing a road is a complex process that may be represented as a series of correlated steps, from the planning to the construction and usage of the new road. At the heart of this process, the preliminary and detailed design stages are key elements that will ensure the quality and the adequacy of the final solution regarding the constraints and objectives of the project. In particular, infrastructure layout and design will have a strong impact on the global performances of the road in operational conditions. Among them, road safety, mobility, environment preservation, noise pollution limitation, economic feasibility and viability of the project, or even its socio-economic impact at the local level. Consequently, it is crucial to offer engineers and road planners some tools and methods that may assist them in designing and selecting the most efficient solutions considering the distinctive features of each design problem. In this work, a multicriteria analysis methodology is developed to carry out an integrated and preventive assessment of road projects at the design stage by considering both their safety performances and some economic and environmental aspects. Its purpose is to support design engineers in the analysis of their projects and the identification of innovative, consistent and effective solutions. The proposed methodology is composed of two main research frameworks. On the one hand, the road design problem is addressed by focusing successively on the structuring of the multicriteria problem, the identification of the approximate set of non-dominated solutions using a genetic algorithm (based on NSGA-II), and the application of the methodology to a real road design project. On the other hand, the methodological development of a multicriteria interval clustering model was performed (based on PROMETHEE). Due to the applicability of this model to the studied problem, the interactions between the two frameworks are also analysed. / Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur et technologie / The present PhD thesis is an aggregation of published contributions related to the application of multicriteria analysis to the evaluation of road projects at the design stage. The aim of the two introductory chapters is to offer a synthesised and critical presentation of the scientific contributions that constitute the PhD thesis. The complete version of the journal articles and preprints are found in Chapters 3 to 6. In the appendices, we also provide reprints of conference papers that are usually related to one of the main contributions of the thesis. / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished