Diante da importância das lectinas no sistema imunológico avaliamos o papel da Nattectina, lectina tipo C identificada no veneno de Thalassophryne nattereri, no desenvolvimento das respostas imunes inata e específica. A Nattectina induziu peritonite em camundongos, caracterizada pelo influxo de neutrófilos e macrófagos, acompanhada da liberação de PGE2, LTB4, IL-1<font face=\"symbol\">b, IL-6, KC, MCP-1, IL-10 e IL-12p70. A resposta imune específica induzida pela Nattectina foi caracterizada pela produção de anticorpos específicos IgG, IgG1 e principalmente IgG2a com síntese de IL-10 e IFN-<font face=\"symbol\">g pelas células esplênicas re-estimuladas in vitro. A incubação de células dendríticas imaturas com a Nattectina gerou maturação destas células com aumento da expressão de moléculas MHC classe II, CD40, CD80, CD86 e expressão de MMP-2 e MMP-9 distribuídas no núcleo e no citoplasma celular, produção das citocinas IL-10 e IL-12p70 e eficiente apresentação antigênica. Concluímos que a Nattectina é capaz de induzir inflamação e resposta imune específica do tipo Th1 mediante a ativação de células dendríticas. / Due to the importance of the lectins in the immunological system we evaluated the role of Nattectin a C-type lectin identified in the venom of Thalassophryne nattereri on development of the innate and specific immune responses. Nattectin induced a significant cellular recruitment into peritoneal cavity of mice, mainly by influx of neutrophils, followed by macrophages, with synthesis of PGE2, LTB4, IL-1<font face=\"symbol\">b, IL-6, KC, MCP-1, IL-10, and IL-12p70. The specific immune response induced by Nattectin was characterized by the production of specific antibodies IgG, IgG1 and mainly IgG2a with IL-10 and IFN-<font face=\"symbol\">g synthesis by splenic cells. Incubation of immature dendritic cells with Nattectin resulted in maturation with up-regulation of MHC class II, CD40, CD80, CD86, and expression of MMP-2 e MMP-9 distributed in nucleus and cytoplasm. Mature dendritic cells produced and release IL-10 and IL-12p70 and present the antigen efficiently. We concluded that Nattectin is able to induce inflammation and Th1 specific immune response through the activation of dendritic cells.

Diante da importância das lectinas no sistema imunológico avaliamos o papel da Nattectina, lectina tipo C identificada no veneno de Thalassophryne nattereri, no desenvolvimento das respostas imunes inata e específica. A Nattectina induziu peritonite em camundongos, caracterizada pelo influxo de neutrófilos e macrófagos, acompanhada da liberação de PGE2, LTB4, IL-1<font face=\"symbol\">b, IL-6, KC, MCP-1, IL-10 e IL-12p70. A resposta imune específica induzida pela Nattectina foi caracterizada pela produção de anticorpos específicos IgG, IgG1 e principalmente IgG2a com síntese de IL-10 e IFN-<font face=\"symbol\">g pelas células esplênicas re-estimuladas in vitro. A incubação de células dendríticas imaturas com a Nattectina gerou maturação destas células com aumento da expressão de moléculas MHC classe II, CD40, CD80, CD86 e expressão de MMP-2 e MMP-9 distribuídas no núcleo e no citoplasma celular, produção das citocinas IL-10 e IL-12p70 e eficiente apresentação antigênica. Concluímos que a Nattectina é capaz de induzir inflamação e resposta imune específica do tipo Th1 mediante a ativação de células dendríticas. / Due to the importance of the lectins in the immunological system we evaluated the role of Nattectin a C-type lectin identified in the venom of Thalassophryne nattereri on development of the innate and specific immune responses. Nattectin induced a significant cellular recruitment into peritoneal cavity of mice, mainly by influx of neutrophils, followed by macrophages, with synthesis of PGE2, LTB4, IL-1<font face=\"symbol\">b, IL-6, KC, MCP-1, IL-10, and IL-12p70. The specific immune response induced by Nattectin was characterized by the production of specific antibodies IgG, IgG1 and mainly IgG2a with IL-10 and IFN-<font face=\"symbol\">g synthesis by splenic cells. Incubation of immature dendritic cells with Nattectin resulted in maturation with up-regulation of MHC class II, CD40, CD80, CD86, and expression of MMP-2 e MMP-9 distributed in nucleus and cytoplasm. Mature dendritic cells produced and release IL-10 and IL-12p70 and present the antigen efficiently. We concluded that Nattectin is able to induce inflammation and Th1 specific immune response through the activation of dendritic cells.

Chaque cadre doit contenir un résumé de 1700 caractères maximum, espaces compris. En cas de dépassement, la coupure sera automatique. Le doctorant adresse son texte sous forme électronique selon les recommandations de la bibliothèqueLes "Liver X receptors " (LXR) sont des récepteurs nucléaires impliqués dans Phoméostasie du cholestérol. Dans les macrophages, la stimulation de la voie LXR accroît la clairance des corps apoptotiques et réprime la réponse inflammatoire. Les LXR inhibent également la prolifération et la survie de cellules malignes.L'activation des LXR dans les cellules dendritiques plasmocytoïdes (PDG) augmentent la clairance des microparticules (MP), via l'induction du récepteur au phosphatidylsérines BAIL L'internalisation des MP active la voie NF-KB ou la voie LXR pour des MP dérivées respectivement, de cellules endothéliales (EMP) ou plaquettaires (PMP). Ces deux voies de signalisation se réprimaient mutuellement, déterminant la réponse inflammatoire des PDG.La contrepartie leucémique des PDC (LPDC) est à l'origine d'une leucémie aiguë agressive, la BPDCN. Nous avons observé une dérégulation de Phoméostasie du cholestérol dans ces cellules. L'activation de la voie LXR entraine un efflux du cholestérol associé à un effet cytotoxique et antiprolifératif. Ils peuvent impliquer : la répression de NF-KB ; ainsi que l'inhibition de la signalisation induite par le facteur de survie IL-3 (incluant STAT5 et Akt). L'utilisation d'un modèle xénogénique murin de BPDCN traitée par agoniste LXR montre une diminution de la cytopénie induite par les LPDC et des infiltrats spléniques et médullaires.Ces travaux démontrent la fonctionnalité de la voie LXR dans les PDC et LPDC, ainsi qu'une régulation croisée avec NF-KB. L'activation de cette voie a démontré son implication dans la clairance des MP et la régulation de la réponse inflammatoire des PDC, ainsi qu'un effet anti-leucémique sur les LPDC. / Nuclear Liver X Receptors (LXR) are involved in cholesterol homeostasis. In macrophages, LXR promote apoptotic body/cell clearance and repress inflammatory responses. LXR are also shown to inhibit proliferation and survival of malignant cells.In plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDC), LXR stimulation increases microparticle (MP) engulfment via the increased expression of the PS receptor, BAIL MP engulfment induced NF-icB or LXR activation, depending on the endothelial (EMP) or platelet (PMP) origin of MP, respectively. Overall, we show a crosstalk involving LXR and NF-KB, which dictates the inflammatory fate of PDC engulfing MP.The leukemic PDC counterpart (LPDC) is responsible of an aggressive hematologic malignancy, called blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN). In contrast to healthy PDC and other acute leukemias (including lymphoid and myeloid acute leukemias), we report here a specific downregulation of cholesterol homeostasis-related genes in LPDC. LXR pathway activation increases cholesterol efflux and inhibits cell proliferation and survival. This may involve: inhibition of NF-KB signaling pathway and of signaling pathways induced by the survival factor IL-3 (involving Akt and STAT5). Using a xenogeneic mouse model of BPDCN, LXR agonist treatment reduces BPDCN-induced cytopenia as well as bone marrow and spleen LPDC infiltration.Overall, we demonstrate that LXR receptors are functional in PDC and LPDC and are involved in a cross-regulation mechanism with NF-KB. LXR receptors promote MP clearance and control inflammatory responses in PDC, as well as exert an anti-leukemic therapeutic effect in BPDCN via several mechanisms, including cholesterol efflux.