Creative design of topological structure of mechanism (Creative mechanism design) is one of the important works on mechanical design. It¡¦s also the weakest part for domestic education on mechanism engineering design. So developing a multimedia CAI system is a better fortified manner. Texts about creative mechanism design have been developed. After that, we should carry out the construction of multimedia CAI system. The purpose of this research is to develop and construct the multimedia CAI system which will provide learners with a friendly and interactive learning tool. First, we will develop the texts using multimedia authoring software into multimedia teaching materials. Second, the friendly and interactive user interface will be constructed in order to enhance the good effects of teaching and learning. Finally, to establish the web pages of multimedia teaching materials on the World Wide Web will provide a directly, attracting and convenient learning way to help teaching and learning vividly, automatically and popularly. The results of this research will improve the ability of creative mechanism design for domestic students and the public.

The purpose of this research was to gather the preferences of flight attendants for garment characteristics of the ideal flight attendant uniform, then translate those garment characteristics to design criteria. Using uniform silhouette, interior design lines and fabric characteristics as dependent variables, garment characteristics of clothing length and shape, sleeve length and shape, neckline, collar, pocket style, pocket placement, closing type, closing location, waist style, fabric care, color, type, stretch, weight, hand, surface and fabric design were selected as independent variables. The objectives of the study were to determine 1) the flight attendant preferences for an ideal uniform and 2) if a relationship existed between flight attendant age and garment characteristics and between flight attendant years of service and garment characteristics. A questionnaire was developed and tested as the instrument to be used to gather the wearer preferences and garment characteristics. The development of the questionnaire evolved through a series of pretests. Changes were made based on the reader comprehension of questions, terminology, illustrations and instructions. The data were analyzed using frequency counts, cross-tabulations and independent sample chi-square test. The data were gathered in the crew lounge of a major southeast airline. The sample consisted of 218 actively employed, Caucasian and non-Caucasian female flight attendants between the ages of 25 to 51 with 1 to 36 years of service. The findings indicated this group of flight attendants preferred three garments; shirt, slacks and cardigan sweater as uniform clothing, and no relationships existed between flight attendant age or flight attendant years of service and preferred garment characteristics. / Master of Science

<p>TOUCHE (Task-Oriented and User-Centered process model for developing interfaces for Human-Computer-Human Environments) is a process model for software development created to develop groupware. The creation of TOUCHE is part of a research project carried out at three Spanish universities. The aim of the project is to create a complete process model for the development of usable groupware. This thesis is part of this project and aims to further advance the TOUCHE process model so that it fulfills its aim on developing for usability. The thesis is based on research from the HCI (Human-Computer Interaction) and CSCW (Computer-Supported Cooperative Work) fields. In the thesis a new version of TOUCHE is created which has a strong focus on developing for usability.This is done by selecting four principles from the HCI field, incorporating what is considered to be most important when developing for usability. The principles are a strong focus on, and the involvement of users throughout the whole process, an iterative process, multidisciplinary design, and aim for groupware usability. TOUCHE is analyzed from these principles and missing elements are identified. The difficulties of integrating these elements into TOUCHE are discussed and finally elements are chosen to be integrated into TOUCHE. These elements include a usability guide, evaluation cycles, prototyping, pre-documentation and a multidisciplinary team.</p>

Non-planar lifting surfaces offer potentially significant gains in aerodynamic efficiency by lowering induced drag. Non-aerodynamic considerations, such as structures can impact the overall efficiency. Here, a panel method and equivalent beam finite element model are used to explore non-planar configurations taking into account the coupling between aerodynamics and structures. A single discipline aerodynamic optimization and a multidisciplinary aerostructural optimization are investigated. Due to the complexity of the design space and the presence of multiple local minima, an augmented Lagrangian particle swarm optimizer is used. The aerodynamic optimum solution found for rectangular lifting surfaces is a box wing, while allowing for sweep and taper yields a joined wing. Adding parasitic drag in the aerodynamic model reduces the size of the non--planar elements. The aerostructural optimal solution found is a winglet configuration when the span is constrained and a wing rake when there is no such constraint.

Non-planar lifting surfaces offer potentially significant gains in aerodynamic efficiency by lowering induced drag. Non-aerodynamic considerations, such as structures can impact the overall efficiency. Here, a panel method and equivalent beam finite element model are used to explore non-planar configurations taking into account the coupling between aerodynamics and structures. A single discipline aerodynamic optimization and a multidisciplinary aerostructural optimization are investigated. Due to the complexity of the design space and the presence of multiple local minima, an augmented Lagrangian particle swarm optimizer is used. The aerodynamic optimum solution found for rectangular lifting surfaces is a box wing, while allowing for sweep and taper yields a joined wing. Adding parasitic drag in the aerodynamic model reduces the size of the non--planar elements. The aerostructural optimal solution found is a winglet configuration when the span is constrained and a wing rake when there is no such constraint.

TOUCHE (Task-Oriented and User-Centered process model for developing interfaces for Human-Computer-Human Environments) is a process model for software development created to develop groupware. The creation of TOUCHE is part of a research project carried out at three Spanish universities. The aim of the project is to create a complete process model for the development of usable groupware. This thesis is part of this project and aims to further advance the TOUCHE process model so that it fulfills its aim on developing for usability. The thesis is based on research from the HCI (Human-Computer Interaction) and CSCW (Computer-Supported Cooperative Work) fields. In the thesis a new version of TOUCHE is created which has a strong focus on developing for usability.This is done by selecting four principles from the HCI field, incorporating what is considered to be most important when developing for usability. The principles are a strong focus on, and the involvement of users throughout the whole process, an iterative process, multidisciplinary design, and aim for groupware usability. TOUCHE is analyzed from these principles and missing elements are identified. The difficulties of integrating these elements into TOUCHE are discussed and finally elements are chosen to be integrated into TOUCHE. These elements include a usability guide, evaluation cycles, prototyping, pre-documentation and a multidisciplinary team.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A tatuagem é uma antiga forma de inscrição corporal que apesar de sua idade não sofreu alterações em termos de materiais e técnicas. O desenvolvimento de tecnologias para a concepção de novas modalidades de intervenção orgânica terá ramificações em diversas áreas, permitindo o uso de novas interfaces epiteliais interativas (tatuagens dinâmicas responsivas), e criando novas vias de interação e comunicação incorporada. Em contraste à prática tradicional de imagens estáticas, as tatuagens dinâmicas (TDs) permitem a geração de imagens dinâmicas e interativas na pele. Nosso objetivo aqui é apresentar este novo campo de pesquisa e refletir sobre o papel do designer no projeto de tatuagens dinâmicas e as implicações destas tatuagens que transformam a pele em uma nova fonte de inscrições interativas e reversíveis. / Tattoo art is a very old form of bodily inscription. In spite of its long history, tattoo art has not changed very significantly in terms of applying new materials and techniques. The impact of developing technologies for the conception of new modalities of organic interventions will have ramifications in unprecedented areas, allowing the use of new interactive epithelial interfaces (responsive dynamic tattoos), and creating new ways of interaction and embodied communication. In contrast to traditional tattoo art of static images, new tattoo art (NT) allows the generation of dynamic interactive images on the skin. Our purpose here is to present this new field of research and speculate on the role of the designer in the design of dynamic tattoo images, and the implications of these tattoos which transform the skin into a new source of interactive and reversible inscription.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A tatuagem é uma antiga forma de inscrição corporal que apesar de sua idade não sofreu alterações em termos de materiais e técnicas. O desenvolvimento de tecnologias para a concepção de novas modalidades de intervenção orgânica terá ramificações em diversas áreas, permitindo o uso de novas interfaces epiteliais interativas (tatuagens dinâmicas responsivas), e criando novas vias de interação e comunicação incorporada. Em contraste à prática tradicional de imagens estáticas, as tatuagens dinâmicas (TDs) permitem a geração de imagens dinâmicas e interativas na pele. Nosso objetivo aqui é apresentar este novo campo de pesquisa e refletir sobre o papel do designer no projeto de tatuagens dinâmicas e as implicações destas tatuagens que transformam a pele em uma nova fonte de inscrições interativas e reversíveis. / Tattoo art is a very old form of bodily inscription. In spite of its long history, tattoo art has not changed very significantly in terms of applying new materials and techniques. The impact of developing technologies for the conception of new modalities of organic interventions will have ramifications in unprecedented areas, allowing the use of new interactive epithelial interfaces (responsive dynamic tattoos), and creating new ways of interaction and embodied communication. In contrast to traditional tattoo art of static images, new tattoo art (NT) allows the generation of dynamic interactive images on the skin. Our purpose here is to present this new field of research and speculate on the role of the designer in the design of dynamic tattoo images, and the implications of these tattoos which transform the skin into a new source of interactive and reversible inscription.

Historically, haptics—all different aspects of the sense of touch and its study—has developed around very technical and scientific inquiries. Despite considerable haptic research advances and the obviousness of haptics in everyday life, this modality remains mostly foreign and unfamiliar to designers. The guiding motif of this research relates to a desire to reverse the situation and have designers designing for and with the haptic sense, for human use and looking beyond technical advances. Consequently, this thesis aims to nurture the development of haptics from a designerly perspective, leading to a new field of activities labeled haptic interaction design. It advances that haptic attributes and characteristics are increasingly part of the qualities that make up the interactions and the experiences we have with objects and the interfaces that surround us, and that these considerations can and ought to be knowingly and explicitly designed by designers. The book encompasses an annotated research through design exploration of the developing field of haptic interaction design, building on a considerable account of self-initiated individual design activities and empirical-style group activities with others. This extensive investigation of designing haptic interactions leads to the Simple Haptics proposition, an approach to ease the discovery and appropriation of haptics by designers. Simple Haptics consists in a simplistic, rustic approach to the design of haptic interactions, and advocates an effervescence of direct perceptual experiences in lieu of technical reverence. Simple Haptics boils down to three main traits: 1) a reliance on sketching in hardware to engage with haptics; 2) a fondness for basic, uncomplicated, and accessible tools and materials for the design of haptic interactions; and 3) a strong focus on experiential and directly experiencable perceptual qualities of haptics.  Ultimately, this thesis offers contributions related to the design of haptic interactions. The main knowledge contribution relates to the massification of haptics, i.e. the intentional realization and appropriation of haptics—with its dimensions and qualities—as a non-visual interaction design material. Methodologically, this work suggests a mixed longitudinal approach to haptics in a form of a well-grounded interplay between personal inquiries and external perspectives. The book also presents design contributions as ways to practically, physically and tangibly access, realize and explore haptic interactions. Globally these contributions help make haptics concrete, graspable, sensible and approachable for designers. The hope is to inspire design researchers, students and practitioners to discover and value haptics as a core component of any interaction design activities.

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