Available in Afrikaans only Die navorsingsverslag dokumenteer die instruksionele ontwerpproses van 'n rekenaar gesteunde tutoriaal (RGT), "Random Variables", een van 'n reeks van nege soortgelyke tutoriale wat as aanvulling tot die geskrewe studiegids vir 'n eerstejaar kursus in Statistiek by die Universiteit van Suid?Afrika (Unisa) gebruik word. Die instruksionele benadering wat in die RGT gebruik is, probeer om kognitiewe ondersteuning te verskaf en om 'n intuitiewe begrip van abstrakte konsepte aan te moedig. Die doel is om die geisoleerdheid waarin afstandsonderrig studente verkeer, te verlig en om groter interaktiwiteit met die studiemateriaal tot stand te bring. Formatiewe evaluering het 'n sentrale plek in die instruksionele ontwerpmodel, wat analise, ontwerp, onwikkeling en implementering insluit, ingeneem. Die formatiewe evaluering is in vier mikro?stadia, naamlik vakkundige resensie, prototipe, loodstoetsing en veldtoetsing gedoen. Die navorsingsresultate het daartoe gelei dat die tutoriale as sulks verbeter is. Dit kan ook verdere navorsing op die gebied van summatiewe evaluering rig en lei. Die navorsingsverslag moet saamgelees word met die loop van die program "Random Variables", wat op disket beskikbaar is. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2002. / Humanities Education / PhD / Unrestricted

<p>The decline in Americans’ civic knowledge and engagement is alarming and concerning for U.S. democracy. Over the years, there has been an increasing concern about the amount of civic knowledge and content taught in schools, students’ civic scores, equipping classrooms with civic learning opportunities, and federal funding for students in civics and civic programs. Thus, extant literature shows four critical gaps of concern: 1) curriculum gap, 2) knowledge gap, 3) research gap, and 4) funding gap. As a result, studies on civic readiness have become essential due to the growing concern for reinforcing civic readiness in U.S. classrooms. However, despite the National Council for the Social Studies (NCSS) advocacy for inquiry as the best practice for social studies teaching and using the Inquiry Design Model (IDM) in teaching inquiry across all social studies disciplines [history, civics, geography, economics], few studies examine the civic readiness of middle-graders using inquiry-based approaches, such as the IDM. Likewise, research examining how different schools are equipped with civic learning opportunities, practices, and access to resources for students is limited. This study employed a multiple-case design to investigate how inquiry-based instructional approaches, such as IDM, foster the civic readiness of middle graders in seven middle-grade social studies classrooms in a midwestern school. Multiple datasets were used, including 14 teacher interviews with seven middle-level social studies teachers, 162 class observation hours, and 246 documents/content analyses. This study argues that there are barriers to middle graders’ civic readiness, and teachers employ different strategies in diagnosing and addressing the barriers; however, inquiry teaching, using the IDM, is an effective instructional approach and plays a pivotal role in fostering civic readiness of middle graders. The findings highlight seven barriers for middle graders in their preparation for civic readiness. Participants shared five strategic ways to diagnose those barriers and five approaches to address them. The study further highlights practical implications for teachers and students, teacher preparation programs, policymakers and teacher educators, and future research. </p>

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The adoption of Geographic Information System (GIS) technology in social studies classroom practices has helped accelerate the achievement of educational goals. However, despite the value that GIS possesses for supporting student learning skills, few schools have adopted it so far. A reason for this deficiency lies in the absence of specific instructional models that demonstrate possible methods for incorporating GIS into class curriculum. This study sought to address this problem, tailored specifically for Kuwaiti social studies classrooms, with the design, development, and validation of a GIS Instructional Model to facilitate AIW. The study employed a design and development research methodology, comprised of five major phases, (i) selection of model components and theoretical foundation, (ii) analysis and development, (iii) formative feedback, (iv) revision, and (v) usability evaluation. In phase one, the Inquiry Design Model (IDM) format and components with AIW framework were selected to provide basic guidelines for the GIS Instructional Model. In phase two, following a comprehensive review of relevant academic literature, and in combination with personal experience, the researcher developed a preliminary GIS Instructional Model. In phase three, two expert reviewers evaluated the model, delivering their opinions by completing an online survey and taking part in follow-up interviews. The expert reviewers were primarily tasked with determining the model's ability to facilitate AIW in a social studies classroom, and providing suggestions for improving its performance. In phase four, the details gleaned from this formative feedback phase were then used to revise the model and enhance its effectiveness. In the last phase, six Kuwaiti expert reviewers assessed this updated version of the GIS Instructional Model to determine what barriers it might face regarding its implementation in the Kuwaiti educational system. They completed an online survey as part of this process and provided possible solutions to address perceived barriers. The data gained from expert reviewer feedback in these formative and usability evaluation phases were analyzed using qualitative methodologies. This step-by-step procedure helped to validate the model. As a result, a ready-to-implement teaching model, with all necessary teaching materials and instructions, was developed for Kuwaiti social studies classrooms. This model is proposed to enable social studies teachers to better understand how to integrate GIS into their classrooms to support AIW. Recommendations are provided for Kuwaiti educational policymakers and stakeholders to help overcome perceived obstacles that may hinder model implementation; suggestions for future research are also included. / Doctor of Philosophy / Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are software-based technologies which simplify the gathering, storing and manipulation of spatially-related data in ways which allow users to visually represent complex geographic phenomena more easily, bringing greater understanding for the world around us. As a result, the integration of GIS technology into social studies classroom practices has assisted student learning and achievement. However, despite the value which GIS possesses, few schools have integrated this technology so far. A significant reason for this limitation is the lack of clear guidelines or models which demonstrate how to employ this technology in the classroom. To help address the problem, this study developed a GIS Instructional Model for Kuwaiti social studies teachers to facilitate student authentic intellectual work, i.e. the student's demonstration of their deeper understanding for the knowledge and skills they are learning. The study employed a design and developmental research methodology, comprised of five major phases, (i) selection of model components and theoretical foundation, (ii) analysis and development, (iii) formative feedback, (iv) revision, and (v) usability evaluation. Phase one involved the selection of the study's theoretical foundation. In phase two, following a comprehensive review of relevant academic literature and, in combination with personal experience, the researcher developed a preliminary GIS Instructional Model. Two expert reviewers evaluated the model in phase three, delivering their opinions by completing an online survey and taking part in follow-up interviews. This feedback was analyzed in phase four, leading to revisions in the GIS Instructional Model to improve its quality for supporting student learning. In the final phase, six Kuwaiti expert reviewers assessed the newly-updated model to determine what barriers it might face regarding its implementation in the Kuwaiti educational system. They completed an online survey as part of this process and provided possible solutions to address these perceived obstacles. This step-by-step procedure helped to validate the model. The overall result was the development of a ready-to-implement teaching model, with all necessary educational materials and instructions, for employing GIS technology in Kuwaiti social studies classrooms to support student authentic intellectual work. In addition, recommendations were provided for Kuwaiti educational policymakers and stakeholders to help overcome perceived obstacles that may hinder model implementation; suggestions for future research are also included.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceptions of learners in the blended course relative to the use of Seven Principles for Good Practice in Undergraduate Education. Additionally through the motivational requirements specified by Keller&rsquo / s ARCS motivational design model, students&rsquo / motivations were analyzed. Thus the study was designed to determine student motivation in a blended environment in relation to Keller&rsquo / s ARCS motivational design model. For these research aims, a traditional course was redesigned with the support of online applications by taking Good Practice Principles as the framework. A triangulation mixed method approach was utilized as the primary design of the study by employing both qualitative and quantitative methods in a single study. The study participants included 47 preservice teachers in an undergraduate teacher education program of Computer Education and Instructional Technology Department in the Middle East Technical University who took the course (School Experience I) in blended design mode in 2005-2006 spring semester. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected through three different surveys, student interviews, and forum transcripts. The data were analyzed concurrently according to both qualitative and quantitative data analysis techniques. The analyses of qualitative and quantitative data showed that students&rsquo / perceptions in the blended course and perceptions in relation to each good teaching principles were mostly positive. Results reveal that students perceive six of the principles including student faculty contact, cooperation, time on task, diversity and ways of learning, feedback, and active learning helpful to their learning. Additionally, the students think that the other one principle which is expectations needs to be improved. In addition, high motivation scores were gathered in the blended course. Results show that attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction subscores revealed significantly higher levels of motivation among students.

The purpose of this study was not to disprove the effects of the current, common remedial literacy course design and the literacy practices within that help adolescent RLLs pass statewide assessment tests, but to describe the potential long-term impact of an innovative comprehensive approach to literacy (CAL) framed through an integrated course design model. In this study I sought to determine if the 2012 CAL design with a particular demographic of student produced "significant" or lasting learning as defined by Fink (2003). In other words, did the 2012 CAL design promote sustained or increased practices of literacy and PYD over time with adolescent remedial literacy learners? Findings were documented through the participants' voices one year after participation in the CAL design. These findings demonstrate metadiscursivity with literacy and personal development in all six of Fink's taxa, thus indicating the design produced significant learning as defined by Fink (2003). All four participants demonstrated evidence of sustained or increased growth in their awareness of their learning practices and purposes, as well as their personal development. A major conclusion of this study was that remedial literacy educators and policy makers who impact the current remedial curriculum designs in secondary schools can no longer assume that students who enter the secondary remedial classroom with a deficiency in literacy do not have the potential for academic success and personal growth. Findings from this study demonstrate that this demographic of student can move from a negative to a positive trajectory and come to see themselves as successful and thriving individuals.

This dissertation is the developmental research report on the design and development of a multimedia tutorial on Anthropometry for university-level health science students. The practical implication of using Merrill's Model of Instructional Design for developing course work for senior students in the health sciences was investigated. The multimedia tutorial was designed and developed, and the prototype evaluated by a team consisting of subject and education experts. The prototype was tested by third-year dietetic students who had completed the lecture-based and paper-based course. The students were observed while using the program, then completed a structured questionnaire and finally were given the opportunity to express their views in an informal group discussion. It was found that if the activation of relevant existing knowledge does not take place, Merrill's Model will be turned inside-out: the student's own problem replaces the instructional problem. / Thesis (MEd (Computer-integrated Education))--University of Pretoria, 2003. / Social Studies Education / unrestricted

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Klientsidesrenderade webbapplikationer med JavaScript-ramverk har blivit vanligt inom den moderna programutvecklingen. Modelleringsunderlag för dessa webbapplikationer kan vara relevant inom IT-industrin eftersom modellering är relevant för utveckling av mjukvara. För att ta fram detta underlag genomförs en fallstudie där modelleringsexempel med UML tas fram för en klientsidesrenderad webbapplikation som även implementeras. Detta resultat ger ett exempel för hur modellering av klientsidesrenderad webbapplikation kan utföras med UML- utökning för designmodeller och implementationsmodell. Baserat på resultatet dras slutsatser om att modellering med UML- utökning för klientsidesrenderad webbapplikation kan underlätta implementation av webbapplikationen och göra den underhållbar. / Client side rendered web applications with JavaScript frameworks have become common in modern software development. Modelling support for these web applications could be relevant for people in the IT industry since modelling is relevant for development of software. For producing this modelling support a case study is done where modelling examples with UML are made for a client side rendered web application that also gets implemented. This result gives an example for how modelling of client side rendered web application can be performed with UML extension for design models and implementation model. Based on the result conclusions are drawn that modelling with UML extension for client side rendered web application can ease implementation of the web application and make it maintainable.

Research has shown that widespread misperceptions prevail regarding the use and sustainability of America's forest resources. Elementary school students receive only a general foundation in the area of wood science and many elementary school resources have shown to be inadequate. Virginia Tech and a few other universities have adopted Wood Magic (originated at Mississippi State University) which presents active, hands-on, and engaging science-based education to third, fourth, and fifth graders, allowing them the opportunity to obtain both a theoretical and practical knowledge in these areas of study. A distance education version of the Wood Magic Program, utilizing interactive videoconferencing, is the focus of this thesis. An instructional design model has been developed to meet the needs of designers or instructors looking to expand into the distance education environment. This model describes all steps necessary to develop and implement a distance course or program. A survey was conducted of all randomly selected third, fourth, and fifth grade elementary school science teachers in Virginia. The intentions of the survey were to discover the barriers to implementing the Wood Magic Distance Education Program into their current curriculum. The three largest barriers to implementation were cost of materials, time, and travel resources. / Master of Science