O processamento de sinais EEG permite interpretar, analisar, estudar, pesquisar e experimentar a atividade elétrica do cérebro como resposta para diferentes processos cognitivos, efeitos de drogas ou fármacos, estudo de doenças psiquiátricas ou neurológicas, entre outras. Esta dissertação é orientada ao reconhecimento de padrões cerebrais que permitam classificar estados cognitivos mediante os sinais de EEG registrados em sujeitos realizando tarefas programadas. Ademais espera-se obter a maior quantidade de padrões para cada estado cognitivo e procurar os parâmetros que oferecem maior informação, analisando as principais bandas cerebrais e todos os eletrodos disponíveis na base de dados. A metodologia usada compreende o registro de cinco tarefas cognitivas analisadas com três abordagens diferentes: análises de longe-range tenporal correlations com o algoritmo de Detrended Fluctuations Analysis (DFA), análise da potência dos sinais cerebrais utilizando a Transformada Ondeleta e finalmente o estudo da sincronia cerebral usando a Transformada de Hilbert. Conclui-se que as abordagens utilizadas nesta dissertação reportam alentadores resultados para diferenciar as tarefas cognitivas estudadas, demonstrando que a utilização da informação de todos os eletrodos e de suas principais bandas cerebrais contribuem de forma positiva. Também se consegue reconhecer e identificar quais parâmetros produzem maior informação para esta análise. / EEG signal processing allows interpreting, analyzing, studying, researching and experiencing the brain electrical activity in response to different cognitive processes, effects of drugs or drugs, the study of neurological or psychiatric diseases, among others. This thesis is oriented to the recognition of brain patterns to classify cognitive states using the EEG signals recorded from subjects performing mental tasks. Also, we expect to collect as many patterns as possible for each cognitive status and to seek parameters that provide more information, examine the major bands and all brain electrodes available in the database. The methodology used includes the registration of five cognitive tasks analyzed with three different approaches: analysis of long-range temporal-correlations with the Detrended Fluctuations Analysis (DFA) algorithm, the power analysis of brain signals using the Wavelet Transform and finally the study of phased looked brain using the Hilbert transform. The approaches used for this research report excellent results for differentiating the cognitive tasks studied, showing that the use of information from all the electrodes and their main brain bands contribute positively. Also, one can recognize and identify which parameters produce more information for this analysis.

Cette thèse porte sur la conception d’un système de mesure in-situ permettant de détecter les perturbations variables dans l’environnement proche d’un réseau d’antennes. Une première partie est consacrée à l’étude du bénéfice d’un tel système appliqué à un réseau de goniométrie. Une étude quantitative de la dégradation des performances de goniométrie sur porteur en présence d’obstacles variables est réalisée. Le deuxième point majeur de cette thèse est le choix de la technologie pour la conception du système de diagnostic. La Technique de diffusion modulée par l’optique (OMS) est sélectionnée. Un modèle de prédiction de la puissance rétrodiffusée par la sonde OMS a été élaboré afin de choisir la dimension de sonde optimale. Suite aux études théoriques, une sonde de 12 cm chargée par la photodiode (PDCS30T) a été réalisée. Des mesures en chambre anéchoïque ont été menées afin de valider le bilan de liaison et mesurer la sensibilité de la sonde à des obstacles proches. Finalement, une étude est réalisée afin d’étudier la sensibilité exigée par le réseau de diagnostic pour détecter la présence d’obstacles. Un dimensionnement du système global est calculé. / This thesis focuses on the design of an in-situ measurement system to detect variable disturbances in the near field of antenna arrays. The first part was focused on the study of the benefit of the monitoring system for direction finding antennas (DFA). A quantitative study of degradation of performances of DFA installed on a carrier in presence of variable obstacles was done. The second point of the study concerns the choice for the technology for the diagnostic system design. The Optically Modulated Scatterer Technique (OMS) is selected. A model that predicts the OMS backscattered power is developed to select the optimal dimension of the probe. Following the theoretical studies, a 12 cm OMS probe coupled to the nonlinear device (PDCS30T) was designed. Measurements in anechoic chamber were conducted to validate the budget link model and measure the sensitivity of the probe to nearby objects. Finally, a study is conducted to investigate the sensitivity required by the diagnostic probes for detecting the presence of obstacles. A dimensioning of the overall system is computed.

Vibrio cholerae é uma bactéria autóctone do ambiente aquático e pode causar sérios riscos à saúde quando cepas patogênicas são acidentalmente consumidas. V. cholerae se encontra associada aos copépodes em concentrações que podem alcançar mais de 1000 vezes a densidade das bactérias livres na água. Se ingerido, um único copépode pode conter a dose mínima de bactérias necessária para a manifestação da doença. Verificar a presença e a distribuição dos sorogrupos O1 e O139 no complexo estuarino de Santos-Bertioga e plataforma continental adjacente em associação com o zooplâncton e seus distintos grupos taxonômicos foi o objetivo desse trabalho. O zooplâncton (>330 µm) foi coletado e a detecção dos sorogrupos O1 e O139 realizada nas amostras totais e nos táxons mais abundantes através das técnicas DVC-DFA e DFA (Contagem direta de bactérias viáveis e ensaio de imunofluorescência direta). Amostras fixadas em formol foram maceradas e preservadas numa solução tampão estéril, previamente aos experimentos. Para o DVC-DFA, animais vivos foram selecionados, lavados, macerados e uma alíquota transferida para meio de cultura. A presença da bactéria no zooplâncton foi correlacionada a parâmetros abióticos e bióticos. O sorogrupo O1 foi detectado em 88% e O139 em 77% das amostras de plâncton no complexo estuarino de Santos-Bertioga, valores mais altos do que os publicados na literatura mundial para outros estuários. Para a plataforma, a presença dos sorogrupos foi menor devido à salinidade mais elevada. Foram testados isoladamente 43 táxons, pertencentes a 9 filos. Dados inéditos da associação entre Vibrio cholerae e quetognatos, estágios larvas de equinodermos, urocordados e ovos de peixes foram registrados. Este trabalho sugere a existência de um gradiente costa-oceano para V. cholerae aderido ao zooplâncton de águas costeiras e ampla capacidade de V. cholerae O1 e O139 em aderir a diversos táxons do zooplâncton marinho. / Vibrio cholerae is an autochthonous bacterium in the sea and may cause serious health problems when pathogenic strains are accidentally ingested. V. cholerae are found associated with copepods in concentrations up to a thousand times higher than the free bacteria in the water. If ingested, a single copepod may have enough bacteria necessary for human infection. The objective of this study was to verify the presence and distribution of Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 serogroups over Santos-Bertioga estuarine complex and adjacent continental shelf in association with zooplankton and over its distinct taxa. Zooplankton (>330 µm) sampling was carried out and detection of V. cholerae O1 and O139 assessed in whole samples and on most abundant taxa by the DFA and DVC-DFA (Direct Viable Count and Direct Fluorescence Assay) methods. Briefly, formalin-fixed samples were grinded and preserved in a sterilized buffer solution previously to the experiments. Live animals were selected, washed and grinded and an aliquot transferred to culture media for the DVC-DFA assay. Presence of these bacteria on zooplankton was correlated with physical and biological parameters of the seawater. Serogroup O1 was found on 88% while O139 on 77% of the samples from Santos-Bertioga estuarine complex, values higher than the ones found in other estuaries in global literature. For the adjacent shelf, detection was smaller due to higher salinity. 43 taxa, belonging from 9 phyla were individually tested. Inedited data from the association of V. cholerae and chaetognaths, Urochordata, larval stages of Polychaeta, Echinodermata, and fish eggs were documented. This study suggests the existence of an inshore-offshore gradient in V. cholerae attached to zooplankton from coastal waters and the high ability of V. cholerae O1 and O139 to adhere on diverse marine zooplanktonic taxa.

O processamento de sinais EEG permite interpretar, analisar, estudar, pesquisar e experimentar a atividade elétrica do cérebro como resposta para diferentes processos cognitivos, efeitos de drogas ou fármacos, estudo de doenças psiquiátricas ou neurológicas, entre outras. Esta dissertação é orientada ao reconhecimento de padrões cerebrais que permitam classificar estados cognitivos mediante os sinais de EEG registrados em sujeitos realizando tarefas programadas. Ademais espera-se obter a maior quantidade de padrões para cada estado cognitivo e procurar os parâmetros que oferecem maior informação, analisando as principais bandas cerebrais e todos os eletrodos disponíveis na base de dados. A metodologia usada compreende o registro de cinco tarefas cognitivas analisadas com três abordagens diferentes: análises de longe-range tenporal correlations com o algoritmo de Detrended Fluctuations Analysis (DFA), análise da potência dos sinais cerebrais utilizando a Transformada Ondeleta e finalmente o estudo da sincronia cerebral usando a Transformada de Hilbert. Conclui-se que as abordagens utilizadas nesta dissertação reportam alentadores resultados para diferenciar as tarefas cognitivas estudadas, demonstrando que a utilização da informação de todos os eletrodos e de suas principais bandas cerebrais contribuem de forma positiva. Também se consegue reconhecer e identificar quais parâmetros produzem maior informação para esta análise. / EEG signal processing allows interpreting, analyzing, studying, researching and experiencing the brain electrical activity in response to different cognitive processes, effects of drugs or drugs, the study of neurological or psychiatric diseases, among others. This thesis is oriented to the recognition of brain patterns to classify cognitive states using the EEG signals recorded from subjects performing mental tasks. Also, we expect to collect as many patterns as possible for each cognitive status and to seek parameters that provide more information, examine the major bands and all brain electrodes available in the database. The methodology used includes the registration of five cognitive tasks analyzed with three different approaches: analysis of long-range temporal-correlations with the Detrended Fluctuations Analysis (DFA) algorithm, the power analysis of brain signals using the Wavelet Transform and finally the study of phased looked brain using the Hilbert transform. The approaches used for this research report excellent results for differentiating the cognitive tasks studied, showing that the use of information from all the electrodes and their main brain bands contribute positively. Also, one can recognize and identify which parameters produce more information for this analysis.

Vibrio cholerae é uma bactéria autóctone do ambiente aquático e pode causar sérios riscos à saúde quando cepas patogênicas são acidentalmente consumidas. V. cholerae se encontra associada aos copépodes em concentrações que podem alcançar mais de 1000 vezes a densidade das bactérias livres na água. Se ingerido, um único copépode pode conter a dose mínima de bactérias necessária para a manifestação da doença. Verificar a presença e a distribuição dos sorogrupos O1 e O139 no complexo estuarino de Santos-Bertioga e plataforma continental adjacente em associação com o zooplâncton e seus distintos grupos taxonômicos foi o objetivo desse trabalho. O zooplâncton (>330 µm) foi coletado e a detecção dos sorogrupos O1 e O139 realizada nas amostras totais e nos táxons mais abundantes através das técnicas DVC-DFA e DFA (Contagem direta de bactérias viáveis e ensaio de imunofluorescência direta). Amostras fixadas em formol foram maceradas e preservadas numa solução tampão estéril, previamente aos experimentos. Para o DVC-DFA, animais vivos foram selecionados, lavados, macerados e uma alíquota transferida para meio de cultura. A presença da bactéria no zooplâncton foi correlacionada a parâmetros abióticos e bióticos. O sorogrupo O1 foi detectado em 88% e O139 em 77% das amostras de plâncton no complexo estuarino de Santos-Bertioga, valores mais altos do que os publicados na literatura mundial para outros estuários. Para a plataforma, a presença dos sorogrupos foi menor devido à salinidade mais elevada. Foram testados isoladamente 43 táxons, pertencentes a 9 filos. Dados inéditos da associação entre Vibrio cholerae e quetognatos, estágios larvas de equinodermos, urocordados e ovos de peixes foram registrados. Este trabalho sugere a existência de um gradiente costa-oceano para V. cholerae aderido ao zooplâncton de águas costeiras e ampla capacidade de V. cholerae O1 e O139 em aderir a diversos táxons do zooplâncton marinho. / Vibrio cholerae is an autochthonous bacterium in the sea and may cause serious health problems when pathogenic strains are accidentally ingested. V. cholerae are found associated with copepods in concentrations up to a thousand times higher than the free bacteria in the water. If ingested, a single copepod may have enough bacteria necessary for human infection. The objective of this study was to verify the presence and distribution of Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 serogroups over Santos-Bertioga estuarine complex and adjacent continental shelf in association with zooplankton and over its distinct taxa. Zooplankton (>330 µm) sampling was carried out and detection of V. cholerae O1 and O139 assessed in whole samples and on most abundant taxa by the DFA and DVC-DFA (Direct Viable Count and Direct Fluorescence Assay) methods. Briefly, formalin-fixed samples were grinded and preserved in a sterilized buffer solution previously to the experiments. Live animals were selected, washed and grinded and an aliquot transferred to culture media for the DVC-DFA assay. Presence of these bacteria on zooplankton was correlated with physical and biological parameters of the seawater. Serogroup O1 was found on 88% while O139 on 77% of the samples from Santos-Bertioga estuarine complex, values higher than the ones found in other estuaries in global literature. For the adjacent shelf, detection was smaller due to higher salinity. 43 taxa, belonging from 9 phyla were individually tested. Inedited data from the association of V. cholerae and chaetognaths, Urochordata, larval stages of Polychaeta, Echinodermata, and fish eggs were documented. This study suggests the existence of an inshore-offshore gradient in V. cholerae attached to zooplankton from coastal waters and the high ability of V. cholerae O1 and O139 to adhere on diverse marine zooplanktonic taxa.

Fokus i detta arbete ligger i att konstruera om vissa delar av produkten för lättare och snabbare montering. Huvudproblemen som upptäcks i detta arbete handlar om skymd sikten vid monteringen samt bristande utrymme för installation av komponenter. Arbetet börjar med att formulera undersökningsproblemet och sedan presenteras olika vetenskapliga metoder, relevanta teorier samt genomförandet av arbetet. Nulägesbeskrivning, nulägesanalys samt förbättringsförslag till problemen utförs i genomförandet. På grund av att ingen egen tillverkning sker på företaget har författarna valt att utföra beräkningar istället för att verifiera att lösningarna till problem håller. Resultatet i detta arbete blir att antalet delar och skruvar har minskats samt att sikten och tillgängligheten vid insättning av komponenter har förbättrats, vilket kommer att minska monteringstiden till en viss del.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:08:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RobivalAR_DISSERT.pdf: 2720305 bytes, checksum: 83d53344a02e589555a480f021157774 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-14 / This work aims to study the fluctuation structure of physical properties of oil well profiles. It was used as technique the analysis of fluctuations without trend (Detrended Fluctuation Analysis - DFA). It has been made part of the study 54 oil wells in the Campo de Namorado located in the Campos Basin in Rio de Janeiro. We studied five sections, namely: sonic, density, porosity, resistivity and gamma rays. For most of the profiles , DFA analysis was available in the literature, though the sonic perfile was estimated with the aid of a standard algorithm. The comparison between the exponents of DFA of the five profiles was performed using linear correlation of variables, so we had 10 comparisons of profiles. Our null hypothesis is that the values of DFA for the various physical properties are independent. The main result indicates that no refutation of the null hypothesis. That is, the fluctuations observed by DFA in the profiles do not have a universal character, that is, in general the quantities display a floating structure of their own. From the ten correlations studied only the profiles of density and sonic one showed a significant correlation (p> 0.05). Finally these results indicate that one should use the data from DFA with caution, because, in general, based on geological analysis DFA different profiles can lead to disparate conclusions / Esta disserta??o tem como objetivo estudar a estrutura de flutua??o de propriedades f?sicas dos perfis de po?os de petr?leo. Usou-se como t?cnica a an?lise de flutua??es sem tend?ncia (Detrended Fluctuation Analysis DFA). Fizeram parte do estudo 54 po?os de petr?leo do Campo de Namorado localizado na Bacia de Campos, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Foram estudados cinco perfis, quais sejam: s?nico, densidade, porosidade, resistividade e raios gama. Para a maioria dos perfis, a an?lise de DFA j? estava dispon?vel na literatura; entretanto o perfil s?nico foi estimado com o aux?lio de um algoritmo padr?o. A compara??o entre os expoentes de DFA dos cinco perfis foi feita usando correla??o linear de vari?veis; assim t?nhamos 10 compara??es de perfis. Nossa hip?tese nula ? que os valores de DFA para as diversas propriedades f?sicas s?o independentes. O principal resultado indica a n?o refuta??o da hip?tese nula. Isto ?, as flutua??es apresentadas pelos DFA dos perfis n?o apresentam um car?ter universal; ou seja, em geral, as grandezas exibem uma estrutura de flutua??o que lhes ? pr?pria. Das dez correla??es estudadas, apenas os perfis de densidade e o s?nico apresentaram uma correla??o significativa (p<0,05). Enfim, estes resultados indicam que se devem usar os dados de DFA com cautela, pois, em geral, an?lises geol?gicas baseadas em DFA de perfis diferentes podem levar a conclus?es d?spares

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-03T13:59:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoWFA.pdf: 1362232 bytes, checksum: 33548c2a28a5c7d6034cf165f163a691 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-05-22 / ?Peng was the first to work with the Technical DFA (Detrended Fluctuation Analysis), a tool capable of detecting auto-long-range correlation in time series with non-stationary. In this study, the technique of DFA is used to obtain the Hurst exponent (H) profile of the electric neutron porosity of the 52 oil wells in Namorado Field, located in the Campos Basin -Brazil. The purpose is to know if the Hurst exponent can be used to characterize spatial distribution of wells. Thus, we verify that the wells that have close values of H are spatially close together. In this work we used the method of hierarchical clustering and non-hierarchical clustering method (the k-mean method). Then compare the two methods to see which of the two provides the best result. From this, was the parameter ? (index neighborhood) which checks whether a data set generated by the k- average method, or at random, so in fact spatial patterns. High values of ? indicate that the data are aggregated, while low values of ? indicate that the data are scattered (no spatial correlation). Using the Monte Carlo method showed that combined data show a random distribution of ? below the empirical value. So the empirical evidence of H obtained from 52 wells are grouped geographically. By passing the data of standard curves with the results obtained by the k-mean, confirming that it is effective to correlate well in spatial distribution / Peng foi o primeiro a trabalhar com a T?cnica DFA (Detrended Fluctuation Analysis), uma ferramenta capaz de detectar auto-correla??o de longo alcance em s?ries temporais com n?o-estacionaridade. Nesse trabalho, a t?cnica de DFA ? utilizada para obter o expoente de Hurst (H) do perfil el?trico de Porosidade Neutr?nica dos 52 po?os petrol?feros Campo de Namorado, situado na Bacia de Campos ? RJ. A finalidade ? saber se o expoente de Hurst pode ou n?o ser usado para se caracterizar uma distribui??o espacial dos po?os. Assim, queremos verificar se os po?os que apresentam valores pr?ximos de H est?o espacialmente pr?ximos entre si. Neste trabalho foi utilizado o m?todo de agrupamento hier?rquico e o m?todo de agrupamento n?o hier?rquico (m?todo do k-m?dia). Em seguida comparamos os dois m?todos para ver qual dos dois fornece o melhor resultado. A partir disso, foi criado o par?metro (?ndice de vizinhan?a) o qual verifica se um conjunto de dados gerados pelo m?todo km?dia, ou de forma aleat?ria, forma de fato padr?es espaciais. Altos valores de indicam que os dados est?o agregados, enquanto que baixos valores de indicam que os dados est?o espalhados (sem correla??o espacial). Com aux?lio do m?todo de Monte Carlo observou-se que dados agrupados aleatoriamente apresentam uma distribui??o de inferior ao valor emp?rico. Portanto os dados emp?ricos de H obtidos dos 52 po?os est?o agrupados espacialmente. Ao cruzar os dados das curvas de n?vel com os resultados obtidos pelo k-m?dia, confirmam que este ? eficaz para correlacionar po?os em distribui??o espacial

I och med ökad konkurrens och ökade kundkrav behöver företag bedriva produktutveckling med en rapid approach. ESAB:s sätt att svara upp mot dessa krav har resulterat i ett brett produktsortiment av friktionssvetshuvuden. Deras långsiktiga mål är därför att inrätta en ny standard för att reducera kostnader. Planen är därför att aktivt bedriva produktutveckling tillsammans med universitet och högskolor runt om i landet. Detta produktutvecklingsprojekt kan beskrivas som en första etapp i ett hållbart produktutvecklingsarbete på ESAB mot ett långsiktigt mål om att sätta en ny standard inom FSW. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att analysera två friktionssvetshuvuden: FSW LEGIO 4UT och FSW LEGIO 5UT genom K-FMEA och DFA2. Därigenom kartlägga vilka potentiella brister som finns i de befintliga konstruktionerna och belysa var bristerna finns. Analysresultatet ska tillsammans med produktutvecklingsteori, forma ett informationsunderlag för bedrivande av fortsatt produktutvecklingsarbete. Tillvägagångssättet har bedrivits genom tre faser: 1) uppstart/förarbete, 2) genomförande och 3) avslut/presentation. Vetenskapssynen har präglats av positivism med vissa inslag av hermeneutik. Forskningsmetoden har både vad gäller datainsamling, analysmetodik och utvärderingsmetodik varit kvalitativ. Undersökningsansatsen har varit av abduktiv art medan undersökningsinriktningen har varit kombinerad explorativ och deskriptiv. Först analyserades ritningsunderlag, komponentlistor, STEP-filer och produktspecifikationer för sammanlagt åtta svetshuvuden. Ett strategiskt urval av tre gjordes för att sedan ytterligare exkludera ett av dessa. En djupdykning gjordes i det empiriska underlaget som gav upphov till två hypoteser: 1) komponenter som under drift är i rörelse torde vara högst belägna att utsättas för fel, 2) svetshuvudena kan möjligen komprimeras volymmässigt och komponenter reduceras till antalet. En semi-strukturerad fokusgruppintervju genomfördes för fyra respondenter med teknisk expertis på området. Resultatet av denna gjorde att hypoteserna kunde bekräftas. Detta empiriska datamaterial ställdes mot befintlig teori rörande K-FMEA och DFA2. Vidare utfördes K-FMEA enligt teorin i sju steg på såväl systemnivå som komponentnivå. Sedan gjordes detsamma för DFA2 vars arbetssätt sker i fyra steg. Resultatet av denna studie påvisar att de allra mest kritiska komponenterna rör spindeln, spindelhuset och lager. Påfrestningar finns också i hydrauliken som har tilldelats höga kriticitetstal. Det finns även feltyper med hög risk relaterat till tillverkning och montering. Vad gäller DFA2 visade resultatet att de befintliga konstruktionerna har låg grad av monteringsvänlighet. Detta då flera monteringsriktningar används, flera komponenter är stora, tunga och svårhanterade. En del komponenter har svåråtkomlig monteringsplats. Vidare behövs för vissa komponenter extra hjälpmedel och verktyg för att kunna genomföra monteringen. Rekommendationen till ESAB i en potentiell andra etapp av detta produktutvecklingsarbete, vore att komplettera denna studie med andra produktutvecklingsverktyg och kostnadskalkyler. Detta för att se till att göra rätt från början och eliminera risker för eventuella efterföljande kostsamma justeringar. / With increased competition and increased customer requirements, companies need to pursue product development with a rapid approach. ESAB’s way of responding to these demands has resulted in a wide product range of friction welding heads. Their long-term goal is therefore to set a new standard to reduce costs. The plan is to actively conduct product development together with universities in Sweden. This product development project can be described as a first step in sustainable product development work at ESAB towards a long-term goal of setting a new standard within FSW. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze two friction welding heads: FSW LEGIO 4UT and FSW LEGIO 5UT through K-FMEA and DFA2. Thereby, identify the potential shortcomings found in the existing constructions and highlight where the shortcomings exist. The analysis results, together with product development theory, will form an information base for the pursuit of continued product development. The approach has been conducted through three phases: 1) start-up/pre-work, 2) implementation, and 3) completion/presentation. The science view has been characterized by a positivistic nature with elements of hermeneutic in some respects. The research method has been qualitative in terms of data collection, analysis methodology and evaluation methodology. The research effort has been abductive, while the research focus has been a combination of exploratory and descriptive. First, drawing documents, component lists, STEP files and product specifications were analyzed for a total of eight friction welding heads. A strategic selection of three was made to further exclude one more. An in-depth dive into the empirical evidence was made which gave rise to two hypotheses: 1) Components that move relative to others in welding operation, are most likely to be subject to errors; 2) These friction welding heads may possibly be compressed in terms of volume, and the components reduced to the number. A semi-structured focus group interview was conducted with a total of four respondents who have technical expertise in the field. The result of the interview allowed the hypothesis to be confirmed. The empirical data was put against the existing theory regarding K-FMEA and DFA2. Furthermore, K-FMEA was performed according to the theory in seven stages at both system level and component level. Then the same was done for DFA2, whose mode of operation takes place in four stages. The result of this thesis shows that the most critical components relate to the spider, spider house and the bearings. There are also stains in hydraulics that have been awarded high risk priority numbers. Along with that, failure modes with high risk frequencies related to manufacturing and assembly are identified. When it comes to DFA2, the result shows that the existing designs has low degree of assembly ease. This is because several mounting directions are used, several components are large, heavy and difficult to handle. Some components also have difficult access point. In addition, external equipment such as fixtures and tools, are needed to install some components. The recommendation to ESAB in a potential second step of their product development work, would be to complement this study with other product development tools and cost calculations. This to make sure to do right from the start and eliminate risks for any subsequent costly adjustments.

ESAB har beslutat att analysera om en Design For Assembly (DFA) metodik går att implementera med syfte att sänka monteringstiden och utveckla deras produktutvecklings-process (PU-process). Målet för det här projektet är således att presentera hur en arbetsmetodik inom DFA kan tillämpas genom att undersöka en exempelprodukt, rullbock. För att förstå DFA och dess relaterade områden genomfördes en litteraturstudie. Studien utfördes för att få en djupare förståelse där undersökningar gjordes inom vetenskapliga artiklar, böcker och webbkällor. Undersökningarna utfördes med mål att samla information om andra lyckade DFA-implementeringar, tillämpningsområden och riktlinjer. Genomförandet följer en PU-process med DFA som fokus. Till en början av PU-processen framställdes en kravspecifikation och en rotorsaksanalys. En DFA-metodik utnyttjades för att framställa konceptförslag för rullbocken. Metodiken grundar sig i de riktlinjer och frågor som presenterats i litteraturstudien. Resultatet presenteras i former av CAD-ritningar och riktlinjer. CAD-ritningar framställs för att få en förståelse över konceptförslagen och hur metodiken har tillämpats. Riktlinjerna är kortare punkter som bör övervägas av användaren vid utveckling av produkter. Lösningarna viktades mot varandra med hjälp av Pughs matris. Syftet och frågeställningen för projektet har besvarats. En arbetsmetodik och riktlinjer för DFA presenterades genom att undersöka exempelprodukten och en litteraturstudie inom området. / ESAB has decided to analyze whether a Design for Assembly (DFA) methodology can be implemented with the aim of reducing assembly time and developing their product development process (PD-process). The aim of this project is thus to present how a working methodology within DFA can be applied by investigating an example product, roller bed. To understand DFA and its related areas, a literature study was conducted. The study was conducted to gain a deeper understanding where research was done in scientific articles, books, and web sources. The surveys were conducted with the aim of gathering information about other successful DFA implementations, areas of application and guidelines. The implementation follows a PD-process with DFA as the focus. At the beginning of the PD-process, a requirements specification and a rotor case analysis were created. A DFA methodology was used to produce concept proposals for the roller bed. The methodology is based on the guidelines and questions presented in the literature study. The results are presented in the form of CAD drawings and guidelines. CAD drawings were created to gain an understanding of the concept proposals and how the methodology has been applied. The guidelines are shorter steps that should be considered by the user when developing products. The solutions were weighted against each other using Pugh's matrix. The purpose and question of the project have been answered. A working methodology and guidelines for DFA were presented by examining the example product and a literature study in the area.