Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-10-03T20:00:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Alyne Fonseca Bessa.pdf: 1928833 bytes, checksum: 24cc780b570d047a4ef2e0d355541b75 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-03T20:00:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Alyne Fonseca Bessa.pdf: 1928833 bytes, checksum: 24cc780b570d047a4ef2e0d355541b75 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-28 / CAPES / This study aims to analyze the initiative to discuss school from the approach and dialogue of members of a remnant black quilombo community with members from a nearby rural school community amid the process of recognition of the group. In this way, are exploited in the work school practices and educational projects in a rural school, which caters to a remnant quilombo community, and the social dynamics in which it operates and the demands of the local community. The case study refers to the Municipalized School of Rio das Pedras and the Quilombo Community of Alto da Serra, located in the city of Rio Claro (RJ), in Lidice district. The work approach revolves around the idea of ?differentiated education?, more specifically the Field Education and the Quilombolas Education as teaching modalities as well as the implementation of initiatives of Law 10.639 in the basic education curriculum. In this sense, the text is thought from the experience of members of the Alto da Serra of Quilombo Community in the debate on school and educational formation, understanding school as a tool to stay in the territory. / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a iniciativa de discutir escola a partir da aproxima??o e do di?logo de membros de uma comunidade negra remanescente de quilombo com membros de uma escola rural pr?xima a comunidade, em meio ao processo de reconhecimento do grupo. Desta forma, s?o exploradas no trabalho as pr?ticas escolares e projetos educacionais de uma escola rural, que atende a uma comunidade remanescente de quilombo, bem como a din?mica social na qual est? inserida e as demandas da comunidade local. O estudo de caso refere-se ? Escola Municipalizada do Rio das Pedras e ? Comunidade Quilombola do Alto da Serra, localizadas no munic?pio de Rio Claro (RJ), no distrito de L?dice. A abordagem do trabalho gira em torno da id?ia de ?educa??o diferenciada?, mais especificamente a Educa??o do Campo e a Educa??o Quilombola como modalidades de ensino, bem como das iniciativas de implementa??o da Lei n? 10.639 no curr?culo de ensino b?sico. Nesse sentido, o texto ? pensado a partir da experi?ncia dos membros da Comunidade Quilombola do Alto da Serra no debate sobre escola e forma??o educacional, entendendo escola como um instrumento para a perman?ncia no territ?rio.

This program evaluation study addressed a critical deficiency in early childhood math proficiency for a local urban school district. To strengthen students' skills in mathematics, the district adopted the Common Core State Standards and piloted an inquiry-based instructional program called My Math. The purpose of this project study was to determine the extent to which My Math met the goals of improving Grades K-2 students' math proficiency. The conceptual framework was based on theories of multiple intelligences, social learning, and foundations of social development. The National Program Evaluation Standards were used to guide the program evaluation. The research questions centered on the implementation of My Math in terms of usability, lesson coherence, support provided by program materials and effectiveness of materials in enhancing students' mathematical processes based on teachers' perspectives. Data were collected from 57 teachers who completed an electronic survey and from 6 teachers who participated in focus groups and interviews. Survey data were descriptively analyzed and interview and focus group data were coded for development of common themes. Teacher participants reported gains in students' mathematical processes after using the My Math program. The program evaluation report reflected support for My Math as an effective instructional program for Grades K-2 along with recommendations for supplementation of the program with additional resources to address individual needs among students. Positive social change at the local level includes enhancing students' learning and achievement in mathematics, and assisting other districts in understanding the benefits of the My Math program on student achievement for early childhood students.

The operation of a large and complex electric power system requires meticulous and rigorous study and incessant planning. All the players involved, must plan ahead to account for the uncertainties that can affect the hour-to-hour, day-to-day, medium-term and long-term supply of electricity. Medium-term operations and planning provides the players with guidelines and strategies for short-term operating decisions vis-à-vis the market. Adequate planning helps the players to mitigate or be prepared for unforeseen circumstances encountered during scheduling of electricity generation at any stage. This thesis focuses on some aspects of the least explored medium-term operations and planning issues in power systems in the deregulated electricity market environment. The issues addressed in the thesis are diverse but inter-linked as medium-term problems, which have surfaced due to deregulation or are outcomes of unique thought-processes emerging from the restructuring phenomenon. The thesis presents a novel approach to security coordinated maintenance scheduling in deregulation wherein the ISO does not generate a maintenance schedule by itself, but assesses the maintenance schedules from individual gencos by incorporating them in a medium-term security constrained production scheduling model, and verifying whether they result in unserved energy at one or more buses. Based on the information on bus-wise unserved energy, the ISO generates corrective signals for the genco(s), and directs them to alter their maintenance schedules in specific periods and re-submit. The proposed scheme exploits the concept of commons and domains to derive a novel factor to allocate the unserved energy at a bus to a set of generators responsible. The coordination scheme is based on individual genco’s accountability to unserved energy at a bus. Another important question addressed in the thesis is whether there is a need to consider customer’s locations in the power system when the utility provides service to them. In other words, whether the reliability of the load service provided by the utility varies across the system, from bus to bus, and if so, how are the Locational Marginal Prices (LMPs), which are determined from market auctions, affected by such variations. The thesis also answers the important question of how the LMPs can be differentiated by the Load Service Probability (LSP) at a particular location, so that it is fair to all customers. A new approach to determining the bus-wise LSP indices in power systems is proposed in the thesis. These LSP indices are arrived at by defining and computing bus-wise Loss of Load Probability (LOLP) indices. The discrepancy in LMPs with respect to the bus-wise LSP is then investigated and the bus-wise LSP indices are thereafter utilized to formulate a novel proposition for LSP-differentiated LMPs for electricity markets. The thesis furthermore addresses the medium-term Transmission Reinforcement Planning (TRP) problem and proposes a practical approach to TRP by making use of standard design practices, engineering judgement, experience and thumb-rules to construct a Feasibility Set. The Feasibility Set helps in limiting the type and number of reinforcement options available to the transmission planner in selected existing corridors. Mathematical optimization procedure is then applied considering the Feasibility Set, to attain an optimal set of reinforcement decisions that are economical and meets the system demand in the medium-term, without overloading the transmission system. Two different solution approaches- the Decomposition Approach and the Unified Approach are proposed to solve the TRP optimization problem.

The operation of a large and complex electric power system requires meticulous and rigorous study and incessant planning. All the players involved, must plan ahead to account for the uncertainties that can affect the hour-to-hour, day-to-day, medium-term and long-term supply of electricity. Medium-term operations and planning provides the players with guidelines and strategies for short-term operating decisions vis-à-vis the market. Adequate planning helps the players to mitigate or be prepared for unforeseen circumstances encountered during scheduling of electricity generation at any stage. This thesis focuses on some aspects of the least explored medium-term operations and planning issues in power systems in the deregulated electricity market environment. The issues addressed in the thesis are diverse but inter-linked as medium-term problems, which have surfaced due to deregulation or are outcomes of unique thought-processes emerging from the restructuring phenomenon. The thesis presents a novel approach to security coordinated maintenance scheduling in deregulation wherein the ISO does not generate a maintenance schedule by itself, but assesses the maintenance schedules from individual gencos by incorporating them in a medium-term security constrained production scheduling model, and verifying whether they result in unserved energy at one or more buses. Based on the information on bus-wise unserved energy, the ISO generates corrective signals for the genco(s), and directs them to alter their maintenance schedules in specific periods and re-submit. The proposed scheme exploits the concept of commons and domains to derive a novel factor to allocate the unserved energy at a bus to a set of generators responsible. The coordination scheme is based on individual genco’s accountability to unserved energy at a bus. Another important question addressed in the thesis is whether there is a need to consider customer’s locations in the power system when the utility provides service to them. In other words, whether the reliability of the load service provided by the utility varies across the system, from bus to bus, and if so, how are the Locational Marginal Prices (LMPs), which are determined from market auctions, affected by such variations. The thesis also answers the important question of how the LMPs can be differentiated by the Load Service Probability (LSP) at a particular location, so that it is fair to all customers. A new approach to determining the bus-wise LSP indices in power systems is proposed in the thesis. These LSP indices are arrived at by defining and computing bus-wise Loss of Load Probability (LOLP) indices. The discrepancy in LMPs with respect to the bus-wise LSP is then investigated and the bus-wise LSP indices are thereafter utilized to formulate a novel proposition for LSP-differentiated LMPs for electricity markets. The thesis furthermore addresses the medium-term Transmission Reinforcement Planning (TRP) problem and proposes a practical approach to TRP by making use of standard design practices, engineering judgement, experience and thumb-rules to construct a Feasibility Set. The Feasibility Set helps in limiting the type and number of reinforcement options available to the transmission planner in selected existing corridors. Mathematical optimization procedure is then applied considering the Feasibility Set, to attain an optimal set of reinforcement decisions that are economical and meets the system demand in the medium-term, without overloading the transmission system. Two different solution approaches- the Decomposition Approach and the Unified Approach are proposed to solve the TRP optimization problem.

We developed a price-based resource allocation scheme for Differentiated Service (DiffServ) data networks. The DiffServ framework was proposed to provide multiple QoS classes over IP networks. Since the provider supports multiple service classes, we need a differentiated pricing scheme, as supposed to the flat-rate scheme employed by the Internet service providers of today. Charging efficiently is a big issue. The utility of a client correlates to the amount of bandwidth allocated. One difficulty we face is that determining the appropriate amount of bandwidth to provision and allocate is problematic due to different time scales, multiple QoS classes and the unpredictable nature of users. To approach this problem, we designed a pricing strategy for Admission Control and bandwidth assignment. Despite the variety of existing pricing strategies, the common theme is that the appropriate pricing policy rewards users for behaving in ways to improve the overall utilization and performance of the network. Among existing schemes, we chose auction because it is scalable, and efficiently and fairly shares resources. Our pricing model takes the system's availability and each customer's requirements as inputs and outputs the set of clients who are admitted into the network and their allocated resource. Each client proposes a desired bandwidth and a price that they are willing to pay for it. The service provider collects this information and produces parameters for each class of service they provide. This information is used to decide which customers to admit. We proposed an optimal solution to the problem of maximizing the provider's revenue for the special case where there is only one bottleneck link in the network. Then for the generalized network, we resort to a simple but effective heuristic method. We validate both the optimal solution and the heuristic algorithm with simulations driven by a real traffic scenario. Finally, we allow customers to bid on the duration for which the service is needed. Then we study the performance of those heuristic algorithms in this new setting and propose possible improvements.

La présente recherche de type qualitatif veut décrire, analyser et comprendre la pratique de différenciation pédagogique chez des enseignants québécois du premier cycle du secondaire. Cette pratique s’insère au cœur des programmes de formation dont la principale visée est la réussite pour tous. Cependant, elle est constituée d’un flou théorique qui la rend parfois difficile à définir et à mettre en application, particulièrement chez les enseignants du secondaire. Ce travail dresse donc le portrait de trois enseignantes du premier cycle du secondaire qui choisissent tout de même de la comprendre et de la mettre en œuvre. À ce titre, l’étude des pratiques sous l’angle du travail tel que décrit par Tardif et Lessard (1999) permet de cerner la nature complexe et composite de leur travail et de tenir compte des facteurs personnels, internes et externes qui régissent leur travail d’adaptation des programmes, appelé travail curriculaire. Ainsi, une grille d’analyse inédite, construite au regard de ces facteurs et à partir des concepts inhérents à la différenciation pédagogique, permet d’étudier trois cas de manière complète et approfondie. De manière générale, l’analyse des facteurs personnels, internes et externes à la pratique de différenciation pédagogique des enseignantes donnent des informations pertinentes sur leurs façons de différencier, sur leur motivation à différencier et sur l’influence de leur milieu de travail dans l’exercice de cette pratique. Ces résultats permettent non seulement de mieux comprendre cette pratique effectuée par des enseignants du secondaire, mais permet aussi l’élaboration des principaux facteurs pouvant faciliter sa mise en œuvre ou au contraire la limiter. Au final, les propos recueillis chez les enseignantes interrogées signalent qu’au-delà de la réussite éducative, d’autres éléments entrent en jeu dans l’exercice de cette pratique. En fait, malgré plusieurs contraintes liées aux ressources matérielles, organisationnelles et humaines, la pratique de différenciation pédagogique génère entre autres une grande source de motivation scolaire pour les élèves et contribue à augmenter la satisfaction professionnelle de ces enseignantes dans leur travail au quotidien. / This qualitative research will describe, analyze and understand the practice of differentiated instruction for teachers of the Quebec junior high. This practice fits in the heart of the training programs whose main sight is the success for all. However, it consists of a conceptual confusion makes it difficult to define and implement, particularly among secondary school teachers. This work gives us a picture of three teachers from junior high who still choose to understand and implement. As such, the study of practices in terms of work, as described by Tardif and Lessard (1999) identifies the complex and composite character of their work and to consider personal factors, both internal and external governing their adaptation work program, called travail curriculaire. Thus, an entirely new framework, built with respect to these factors and applying the concepts inherent in differentiated instruction, used to study three cases of complete and thorough. Overall, the analysis of personal factors, both internal and external to the practice of differentiated instruction teachers provide relevant information on their ways to differentiate, their motivation and to differentiate the influence of their workplace in this practice. These results provide not only better understand the practice carried out by secondary school teachers, but also allows the development of the key factors that facilitate its implementation or otherwise limiting. Finally, the comments collected by the teachers surveyed reported that beyond educational success, other factors come into play in carrying out this practice. In fact, despite several constraints related to material resources, organizational and human resources, the practice of differentiated instruction generates among other great source of motivation for school students and helps increase job satisfaction of teachers in their daily work.

The purpose of this study is to explore the beliefs, attitudes, and practices of principals with regard to equity and inclusion specific to hiring teachers from diverse backgrounds. A qualitative design and narrative analysis guided this study. Twelve principals and vice-principals from six high schools in one school district in Ontario participated in the study by answering questions on a self-completion web questionnaire. The findings were analyzed using four categories with regard to hiring diverse teachers: 1) current understanding of diversity in the school community; 2) current practices for diversity hiring; 3) beliefs and attitudes for diversity hiring and existing barriers; 4) solutions and future learning opportunities. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. The overall themes that emerged from the data were: a) valuing the importance of diversity, equity, and inclusion; b) not valuing diversity and providing rationale for not considering diversity and equity. The findings revealed that principals were able to define diversity in their own words. However, principals did not always value diversity in teacher candidates in their hiring practices. The questions used by principals to interview teachers – based on those recommended by the school board’s interview questions – did not include questions that would elicit and support responses from teacher candidates with regard to teaching diverse students or that reveal the value of their own diversity. The findings revealed that there are various barriers due to biases, hiring attitudes and current practices. Finally, the findings revealed that some principals are resistant to additional learning and professional development activities, saying they see no barriers for diverse teacher candidates being hired. However, some principals are open to more training and learning opportunities and see professional development as a catalyst in bringing positive change with respect to hiring practices and valuing diversity. A discussion of the findings with reference to current literature is provided. In conclusion, questions and approaches for further studies are identified.

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and adipose tissue hypoxia have been shown to independently affect adipocyte functions. The goals of this study were to (1) determine the effect of PCB-77, PCB-153, and DDE on the differentiation of human preadipocytes, and (2) investigate the cross-talk between PCB-77 and hypoxia in differentiated human adipocytes. First, human preadipocytes were exposed to PCB-77, PCB-153, or DDE during the entire 14-day differentiation period. We found no effect of low POP levels on lipid accumulation. Second, differentiated human adipocytes were exposed to a combination of PCB-77 and hypoxia. We demonstrated gene-specific cross-talk between PCB-77 and hypoxia, showing an additive effect of PCB-77 on VEGF, MCP-1, and adiponectin, as well as an inhibition of PCB-77-induced expression of CYP1A1 by hypoxia. This work has expanded our understanding of the role of POPs and hypoxia in differentiated human adipocytes.

abstract: ABSTRACT Research literature relating to the use of humor as a teaching method or curricula specifically designed to include humor was reviewed to investigate the effects of humor on student learning in various environments from elementary schools to post-secondary classrooms. In this multi-method study, four instruments and a humor treatment were selected to test the hypothesis that students who receive humor-embedded instruction would perform better on assessments than students who did not receive humor instruction. These assessments were analyzed to show student growth in achievement and memory retention as a result of humor-embedded instruction. Gain scores between a pre- test and two post-tests determined student growth in achievement and memory retention. Gain scores were triangulated with student responses to open-ended interview questions about their experiences with humor in the classroom. The gain score data were not statistically significant between the humor and non- humor groups. For the short-term memory gain scores, the non-humor group received slightly higher gain scores. For long-term memory gain scores, the humor group received higher gain scores. However, the interview data was consistent with the findings of humor research from the last 20 years that humor improves learning directly and indirectly. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ed.D. Educational Administration and Supervision 2011

Submitted by Alison Vanceto (alison-vanceto@hotmail.com) on 2017-05-08T13:19:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissEPCV.pdf: 1467851 bytes, checksum: b7e5546e118d4cb7d9afd6b8dab7b898 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-05-09T18:35:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissEPCV.pdf: 1467851 bytes, checksum: b7e5546e118d4cb7d9afd6b8dab7b898 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-05-09T18:35:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissEPCV.pdf: 1467851 bytes, checksum: b7e5546e118d4cb7d9afd6b8dab7b898 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-09T18:39:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissEPCV.pdf: 1467851 bytes, checksum: b7e5546e118d4cb7d9afd6b8dab7b898 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-15 / Não recebi financiamento / One of the most important activities and that is increasingly gaining importance in recent years, among the various activities undertaken by the public authorities is on the shopping area. The bidding is an administrative procedure in which aims to select, according to predetermined objective criteria, the most advantageous hiring proposal to the government. In this process should be ensured broad participation of stakeholders, as well as equal treatment, always permeated with the legal requirements. Law n. 8.666 / 93, the General Law of Tenders and Administrative Contracts, establishes all the legal system for public procurement. The Differentiated Regime Hiring - DRC - is permeated by several goals, innovative in relation to the rules established by Law 8.666 / 93. UFSCar has adopted this regiment in their hiring process works and engineering services since 2013. The main objective of this work is to promote a comparative study between the Differentiated Regime Signings, DRC and Competition mode, governed by Law n. 8666/93 regarding the efficient procurement of works and engineering services within the UFSCar. For that was used in the methodological procedure descriptive and exploratory research through two approaches: quantitative and qualitative. The first approach corresponded to the comparative analysis, obtained by hiring historical data from the modality competition, the years 2011, 2012 and 2013, and DRC mode the years 2013, 2014 and 2015, coming from the reports of the Purchasing Department - Decom / UFSCar and Comprasgovernamental. They were established some indicators whose purpose was to measure the efficiency of the new procurement regime in relation to the mode set by competition. The qualitative approach was used to analyze the perceptions of representatives of the units that are closely linked to the bidding process under the UFSCar. The main results show that there are many perspectives introduced by the DRC, of which some have already been implemented in the bidding process for procurement of works and engineering services in this federal public education institution. Among the challenges are the various requirements, legal, technical, economic, financial and regularity with which the government by constitutional and legal provisions, is obliged to demand.. It was found that there are many drivers listed in DRC of which is an instrument capable of providing more agile, economical and efficient procurement ways, especially compared to the competition mode. On the other hand, being a relatively new law, the DRC still lacks depth studies that aim to remedy many of the doubts in its various devices and mechanisms. These factors can be mitigated through exchange of experiences with other organizations that also use the DRC in order to refine and improve its use at the university. / Uma das atividades de maior importância e que vem, cada vez mais, ganhando relevância nos últimos anos, dentre as várias atividades desenvolvidas pela Administração Pública, é relativa à área de compras. A licitação constitui um procedimento administrativo no qual visa selecionar, segundo critérios objetivos previamente determinados, a proposta de contratação mais vantajosa para a administração pública. Neste processo deve ser assegurada ampla participação dos interessados, além de tratamento isonômico, sempre permeado com os requisitos legais exigidos. A Lei n. 8.666/93, Lei Geral de Licitações e Contratos Administrativos, estabelece todo o ordenamento jurídico para contratação pública. O Regime Diferenciado de Contratação – RDC - é permeado por diversos objetivos, inovadores em relação aos preceitos estabelecidos pela Lei 8.666/93. A UFSCar passou adotar este regimento em seus processos de contratação de obras e serviços de engenharia, desde o ano de 2013. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é promover um estudo comparativo entre o Regime Diferenciado de Contratações, RDC, e a Modalidade Concorrência, regido pela Lei n. 8.666/93, no que tange a eficiência na contratação de obras e serviços de engenharia, no âmbito da UFSCar. Para tanto foi utilizado no procedimento metodológico pesquisa descritiva e exploratória por meio de duas abordagens: quantitativa e qualitativa. A primeira abordagem correspondeu às análises comparativas, obtidos por meio de dados históricos de contratação provenientes da modalidade concorrência, dos anos de 2011, 2012 e 2013, e do RDC dos anos 2013, 2014 e 2015, provenientes dos relatórios do Departamento de Compras – DeCom/UFSCar e do site Comprasgovernamentais. Foram estabelecidos alguns indicadores cujo intuito foi medir a eficiência do novo regime de contratação em relação ao estabelecido pela modalidade concorrência. A abordagem qualitativa foi utilizada para analisar a percepção dos representantes das unidades que estão intimamente ligados ao processo licitatório no âmbito da UFSCar. Os principais resultados evidenciam que são muitas as perspectivas introduzidas pelo RDC, dentre as quais algumas já foram transpostas nos processos licitatórios para contratação de obras e serviços de engenharia nesta instituição de ensino público federal. Dentre os desafios encontram-se as diversas exigências, de ordem jurídica, qualificação técnica, econômico-financeira e regularidade com as quais a administração pública, por disposição constitucional e legal, é obrigada a exigir. Verificou-se que são muitas as inovações constantes no RDC capazes de proporcionar maneiras mais ágeis, econômicas e eficientes de contratação pública, principalmente se comparado com a modalidade concorrência. Por outro lado, por ser uma legislação relativamente nova, o RDC ainda carece de estudos aprofundados que visem sanar muitas das dúvidas existentes em seus diversos dispositivos e mecanismos. Estes fatores poderão ser amenizados por meio de trocas de experiências com outros órgãos que também utilizam o RDC com o intuito de aperfeiçoar e melhorar a sua utilização na universidade.