Children with an attention deficit disorder (ADHD) exhibit a number of behavioural characteristics which include hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattentiveness. They may experience difficulties in cognitive, academic, and social tasks which, in turn, may lead to rejection, perceived failure, and emotional upset. No clear etiology has been confirmed, with current research focusing on the role of genetics, environmental toxins, neurological factors, and parenting style. Common therapeutic interventions include medication regimes, social skills training, cognitive-behavioural therapy, and parental training in behaviour modification. Yet, reviews of these techniques suggest disappointing findings, with positive results being attributed to the prolonged monitoring of behaviours by parents/school staff rather than increased ability of a child to self-regulate and self-control. The present study examined receptive, expressive, and pragmatic language abilities in 37 children, ages 6–10, diagnosed with an attention deficit disorder. A number of neuropsychological tests (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - III: Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals - 3; Test of Language Development - Primary and Intermediate; Test of Pragmatic Language; NEPSY Auditory Attention and Response Test) and questionnaires (Child Behaviour Checklist; Social Skills Rating System) were used to investigate the relationship between language functioning and social skills competency. Analyses revealed no deficits on measures of receptive language and no gender differences (25 boys, 12 girls). However, significant differences were shown on expressive language tasks. The sample performed below the average range, with the older group of children (ages 9–10) having significant difficulties compared with the younger group of participants (ages 6–8). These deficits in language ability were related to issues in social competency including the presence of Internalizing and Externalizing behaviours. The results support research that suggests this disorder is not exclusively a deficit of attention. / Graduate

The longitudinal relationship between borderline personality features, disordered eating behaviour, and the role of impulsivity were examined using a sample of 643 Canadian adolescents from the McMaster Teen Study. Participants were assessed annually, beginning in Grade 7 until Grade 12.Using path analysis, the results suggest that higher symptoms of impulsivity increase an adolescent’s risk of engaging in disordered eating behaviour, as well as developing borderline personality features in later years. Results also showed a bidirectional relationship between these variables, whereby borderline personality features and disordered eating influence one another throughout time. As well, disordered eating appeared as an antecedent for borderline personality features. The findings highlight the importance for clinicians to be aware of the high comorbidity of disordered eating, borderline personality features, and impulsivity, and that early interventions that target impulsivity and problematic eating behaviour may mitigate the risk of future borderline personality features. Clinical implications, limitations, and future directions are discussed.

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This study tested a model of objectification theory proposed by Fredrickson and Roberts (1997) as it applies to disordered eating in a sample of dancers and non-dancers. The methods in this study are based on a previous test of objectification theory done by Tiggeman and Slater (2001). Two samples of participants were given a survey to measure self-objectification and its anticipated consequences. The first sample included 155 women who participated in either ballet, modern, jazz, or hip-hop dance. The second sample included 199 women enrolled in undergraduate classes at the University of Central Florida during the fall semester of 2004. Participants in the two samples did not score differently on the measure of self-objectification. However, dancers scored significantly higher on the self-surveillance, body shame, appearance anxiety, flow, awareness of internal body states, and disordered eating measures than the non-dancers. None of the proposed mediating variables were found to mediate the relationship between self-objectification and disordered eating in either sample.

We use Monte Carlo simulations in order to investigate the density of states and the two-time density autocorrelation function for the two- and three-dimensional Coulomb glass as well as the Bose glass phase of flux lines in type-II superconductors. We find a very fast forming gap in the density of states and explore the dependence of temperature and filling fraction. By studying two scaling methods, we find that the nonequilibrium relaxation properties can be described sufficiently by a full-aging scaling analysis. The scaling exponents depend on both temperature and filling fraction, and are thus non-universal. We look at the trends of these exponents and found that as either the temperature decreases or the filling fraction deviates more from half-filling, the exponents reflect slower relaxation kinetics. With two separate interaction potentials, a comparison of relaxation rates and the gap in the density of states is made. / Ph. D.

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