This thesis deals with the algorithm of division with a remainder in connection with the development of cognitive abilities of Czech pupils. Due to the usual inclusion of this thematic unit (division with a remainder) in the third year of primary school, theoretically focused chapters dedicated to human ontogenesis, with regard to the child's cognitive development and educational system in the Czech Republic, are incorporated. From the thematic perspective, the work analyzes selected comprehensive series of textbooks for first grade of primary school, differentiating the exercises from propaedeutic through an introduction and application to non-standard tasks. Thesis examines the commonalities and differences in the concept of the analyzed textbooks by various authors. One of the criteria is the evaluation of approach to teaching based on identifying elements of constructivism or transmission. Another objective of the work is a research of selected problem-solving strategies of students dealing with tasks comprising division with a remainder. Solution methods were obtained by assigning of diagnostic test to pupils of a first grade of primary school. KEYWORDS division with a remainder, a primary school aged child, cognitive development of a child, teaching styles - transmission, constructivism,...

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T12:23:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoselitoEulampioNobrega.pdf: 2960688 bytes, checksum: 07f8c978de1913db448d010ff048cb80 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-09-14 / This work is the result of an identity study in a mestizo countryside community (black and caboclo ) known as "Talhado", in the municipal district of Santa Luzia, Paraíba. The community began to be inhabited from 1860 on, It faced a semi-isolation phase and from 1970 on, suffered an emigratory process that reduced considerably its population. In 2004, "A Fundação Cultural Palmares (a cultural foundation) emitted the solemnity-recognition certificate of "Talhado" as a remainder of the quilombos communities, bringing new expectations to the group and generating in the academic world other interpretative possibilities and even explanatory ones about its ethnic specifications. Making use of a methodological triangular process that combines the History of Life (one of the classes in Oral History) with the ethnographical model developed by "Arruti" (2006), we investigated the process of formation of the "quilombolas" identity in "Talhado". Theoretically, we analyzed the existent academic references on the subject, that is to say, the documentary "Aruanda" by Linduarte Noronha and the two dissertations on master's degree produced by anthropologist Josefa Salete Barbosa Cavalcanti and by sociologist José Vandilo dos Santos, as well as, we worked with the definitions of Ethnic Identity, "Quilombola" remainder (included the idea of Quilombo ) and Memory. We discovered that "Talhado" itself doesn't present a knowledge about that "quilombolas" identity that is attributed on it, therefore, being constituted in an external construction. In this way, through the oral expression, we emphasized the subject of the Identity while taking part in the formation of the own group. / Este trabalho é resultado de um estudo de identidade numa comunidade rural mestiça (negros e caboclos) denominada Talhado , no município de Santa Luzia, Estado da Paraíba. A comunidade começou a ser habitada a partir de 1860, viveu uma fase de semi-isolamento e sofreu, a partir de 1970, um processo emigratório que reduziu consideravelmente sua população. Em 2004, a Fundação Cultural Palmares emitiu a certidão de auto-reconhecimento do Talhado como remanescente das comunidades dos quilombos, despertando novas expectativas para o grupo e gerando, para o mundo acadêmico, outras possibilidades interpretativas e até explicativas sobre sua especificidade étnica. Utilizando-se de um processo metodológico triangular que combina a História de Vida (um dos gêneros da História Oral) com o modelo etnográfico desenvolvido por Arruti (2006), investigamos o processo de construção da identidade quilombolas do Talhado. Teoricamente, analisamos os referenciais acadêmicos existentes sobre o assunto, a saber: o documentário Aruanda de Linduarte Noronha e as duas dissertações de mestrados produzidas pela antropóloga Josefa Salete Barbosa Cavalcanti e pelo sociólogo José Vandilo dos Santos, bem como, trabalhamos com as definições de Identidade Étnica, Remanescência Quilombola (incluso a idéia de Quilombo) e Memória. Averiguamos que Talhado não apresenta um conhecimento sobre essa identidade quilombolas que lhe é atribuída, constituindo-se, portanto, numa construção externa. Assim sendo, pela oralidade, enfatizamos a questão da Identidade enquanto construção do próprio grupo.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T13:57:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao- Rita de Cassia Abreu Mascarenhas.pdf: 947995 bytes, checksum: 101de5a6ac535cec24d203cf4201b180 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-09-01 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The major issue to be dealt with in this research work consists in reviewing the transparency of the accounting information made public by the Federal Government in respect of remainder payables. In the attainment of this general research objective three specific objectives were drafted, namely: (i) to identify the necessary accounting requirements to the production of transparent information; (ii) to verify the existence of cancellation of remainder payables and their respective effects, both as to the Remainder Payables and the Executed Expenses; (iii) to examine the research findings under the light of the applicable theory, so as to indicate possible failures related to the transparency matrix. With a view towards attaining the first specific objective, still at the theoretical foundation, a transparency matrix was designed, representing the necessary presuppositions to the production of a transparent accounting information system. The research work is classified as explanatory as to its objectives; as documental analysis as to the procedures and a qualitative approach was carried as to the problematique. The period was delimited to the 2002-2006 period and the data have been drawn from the functional classification of the expenditure. The results of the work have indicated a compromising in the transparency ranging from null to full in the functions under review. Such results, therefore, have allowed us to conclude that the publication carried out by the Government relative to the remainder payables and the executed expenses have failed to present themselves as transparent in a great number of functions. / A problemática fundamental desse trabalho de pesquisa consiste em analisar a transparência de informações contábeis divulgadas pelo Governo Federal, no que concerne a Restos a Pagar. Para consecução desse objetivo geral de pesquisa, foram elaborados três objetivos específicos, quais sejam: (i) identificar os requisitos contábeis necessários à produção de informação transparente; (ii) averiguar a existência de cancelamento de Restos a Pagar e seus respectivos efeitos, tanto nas contas de Restos a Pagar quanto de Despesa Executada; (iii) examinar os achados da pesquisa, a luz da teoria concernente, de modo a apontar possíveis falhas relacionadas à matriz de transparência. Com vistas a cumprir o primeiro objetivo específico, foi elaborada, ainda, na fundamentação teórica, uma matriz de transparência com base na teoria existente, a qual apresenta os pressupostos necessários à produção de informação contábil transparente. A pesquisa é classificada em explicativa, quanto aos objetivos; em análise documental, quanto aos procedimentos e foi realizada abordagem qualitativa da problemática. A pesquisa foi delimitada no período de 2002 a 2006 e os dados foram extraídos com base na classificação funcional da despesa. Os resultados do trabalho apontam para um comprometimento da transparência, variando de nulo a pleno, nas funções sob análise. Desse modo, esses resultados permitem concluir que a divulgação realizada pelo governo, no que concerne a restos a pagar e despesa executada, não se apresenta, para um grande número de funções, de forma transparente.

THESIS ABSTRACT Svetlana R. Osadchuk Master of Arts
 Russian, and East European, and Eurasian Studies Program
 June 2018
 Title: The Physiology of Literature: A.A. Ukhtomskii and The Principle of The Dominant Russian physiologist Aleksei Alekseevich Ukhtomskii played exceptional role in the development of Russian humanities in general and Russian literary studies in particular; of special interest is his significant influence on the early works of Mikhail Bakhtin. He discovered and introduced into the scientific circulation the dominant principle that has become a point of departure in developing different important concepts such as dominant, chronotope, dialogue and others. This thesis, in a way, is a genealogical recounting of early 20th century Russian literary theory in light of its associations with the work of Ukhtomskii and a demonstration how his ideas can be used in further literary studies.

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The jealousy derives from the interaction of difference and comparison. It is mainly reflected in wealth, reputation, status and love. This study reveals what¡¦s the dominant strategy and who can survive in the society via game theory to analyze and describe the result of the interaction between a jealous one and his rival for wealth on the different levels of jealousy. It is found as below: (1).Whether the jealous person takes offensive action or not, he will receive the most harm or punishment; so it is a dominant strategy for him. (2). If someone tortures by themselves, he will suffer misery from jealousy; so it is a dominant strategy for him. (3). If the jealous person desires to catch up with his rivals via honest means, he will turn jealousy into competitive ability; as a result, those that have opposite intention will gradually be eliminated through competition. (4). If the jealous person defames, or even attacks his rivals, and attempts to benefit from them, it is happened that the extra return will make up for the cost based on jealousy; consequently it is a dominant strategy so that they will be replaced step by step.

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