Texte remanié de: Th.--Lett.--Bordeaux III, 1984. / Bibliogr. p. 583-598. Th. soutenue sous le titre : " Douala, une grande ville africaine sous l'Équateur. Croissance et mutations de la métropole camerounaise "

Texte remanié de: Th. doct.--Sociol.--Paris 1, 1999. / Recherche menée dans le cadre de l'IRD, Institut de recherche pour le développement. En appendice, choix de documents. Bibliogr. p. 253-270.

Texte remanié de: Diss.--Historisches Seminar--Universität Hamburg, [ca 1990]. / Contient une préface en anglais et des documents en français. Bibliogr. p. 328-347.

La dimension territoriale est devenue un enjeu majeur ces vingt dernières années autant au niveau des entreprises qu'au niveau des institutions. Pour les premières, les préoccupations territoriales résident essentiellement dans le choix des localisations des activités et des formes de coopération entrepreneuriale. Pour les secondes, la problématique récurrente est celle de l'aménagement des territoires qui s'appuie sur la gouvernance territoriale. Ainsi, partant de l'idéologie inhérente à cette thèse, notre objectif central était de déterminer et d'évaluer les facteurs de gouvernance mettant en avant le rôle du territoire et de la proximité dans le développement industriel à Douala. Le développement de nos idées s'est articulé autour d'un exposé se présentant en deux parties comportant, chacune, deux chapitres. Ainsi, avant d'aborder le cadre analytique de la gestion spatiale et de la prolifération industrielle à Douala (deuxième partie), nous avons passé en revue le cadre théorique et empirique de la localisation industrielle et la dynamique territoriale (première partie). L'objectif de la première partie a été de retracer les grandes lignes de l'évolution de la localisation des activités industrielles telles qu'elles sont établies par certains travaux à l'instar d'une part, de ceux d'A. MARSHALL (1890), P. KRUGMAN (1991) et les théories territoriales et, d'autre part, de spécifier les analyses empiriques du développement industriel à Douala. L'approche régulationniste (deuxième partie), interpelle les règles de coordinations réciproques entre les interventions publiques et les stratégies des acteurs du secteur privé dans les processus de localisation industrielles et de développement local à Douala. Ceci est généralement rendu efficace suite aux interactions et coordinations véhiculées entre les collectivités locales et les acteurs territoriaux. La combinaison de la coordination à l'intérieur de la sphère publique, avec la coordination à l'intérieur de la sphère privée dans un partenariat élargi, constitue vraisemblablement le mode opératoire le plus efficace de la gouvernance territoriale bien comprise pour traiter les problèmes transversaux de cette ville et la zone CEMAC. / The territorial dimension has become a major issue in the last twenty years both at level of enterprises and institutions. For the first, territorial concerns lie mainly in the choice of locations of activities and forms of business cooperation. For the second, the recurring issue is that of regional planning that lean to the territorial governance. Thus, starting from the inherent idéology in this thesis, our main objective was to determine and assess the governance factors highlighting the role of territory and proximity to industrial development in Douala. The development of our ideas was structured in a lecture divided into two parts, each comprising two chapters. Before discussing the analytical framework for space management and industrial proliferation in Douala (part two), we reviewed the theoretical and empirical framework of industrial location and territorial dynamics (first part). The objective of the first part was to trace the outline of the evolution of the location of industrial activities such as they are set by certain works like those of A.MARSHALL (1890), P.KRUGMAN (1991), and territorial theories on the one hand, and to specify the theoretical analysis of the setting regulation on the other hand. The regulation approach (part two) challenges the rules of mutual coordination between government interventions and strategies of private actors in the process of industrial location and local development in Douala. This is usually made following the effective interaction and coordination conveyed between the local and territorial actors. The combination of coordination within the public sphere with coordination within the private sphere in a broader partnership probably constitutes the most effective mode of operation of territorial governance which is most indicated to address transversal problems across the city and CEMAC area.

Texte remanié de: Diss.--Historisches Seminar--Universität Hamburg, 1995. / Bibliogr. p. 444-495. Index.

Preventing teenagers’ pregnancies and improving teenagers’ reproductive health are important as pregnancies in teenagers still represent an important health challenge in Cameroon. The purpose of this dissertation of a limited scope was to describe the perception of peer educators who underwent the ‘100% young’ peer education training and the effect it had on their own sexual behaviour. A qualitative descriptive, explorative and contextual research design was conducted. Data collection was done using in-depth interviews. Fifteen peer educators were purposively selected. Two questions were asked namely; please describe how you perceived the peer education training that you underwent and, describe how this training affected your own sexual behaviour. Findings revealed that participants had a positive education experience, positive personal growth and for many, that was enough to become mentors for their peers and build awareness. Recommendations propose that interventions such as the ‘100% young’ are urgently required to prevent teenage pregnancy. / Health Studies / M.P.H.

Cette thèse analyse, à travers le cas du Cameroun, les transformations du lien social en Afrique subsaharienne, dans un contexte où la modernité juridico-normative portée par l’universalisme des droits de la personne transforme l’espace social qui semble désormais se moduler de façon à laisser une marge de manœuvre plus grande aux aspirations individuelles plutôt qu’aux règles communautaires. Elle s'appuie sur une recherche qualitative qui repose sur un travail de terrain mené dans la ville de Douala au Cameroun et qui a permis de recueillir une trentaine de récits de vie d’hommes et de femmes âgés de vingt-cinq ans et plus. L'analyse du contenu de ces biographies permet de constater la complexité des recompositions des modes de vie où, avec l’avènement des droits de la personne, les individus proposent des formes d’individualisations originales et très différentes de l'autonomie et de la déliaison que l’idéologie des droits confère à la notion d'individu comme abstraction, et avec elle toute une conception de la rationalité et de l’individualisme dont la pertinence universelle comme catégorie d’analyse est plus ou moins acquise. Cette thèse montre comment, dans les sociétés d’Afrique subsaharienne, la conscience des droits implique pour la conscience de soi une remise en question des règles communautaires et des appartenances non choisies qui ne signifie pas un rejet des cadres communautaires, mais la naissance d’un individu qui cherche à se positionner comme sujet de droit à l'intérieur d'un système communautaire hiérarchisé et contraignant. La conscience des droits induit un processus d’individualisation dans lequel l’individu en quête de ses droits et d'une identité choisie est dans un constant balancement entre le respect des règles communautaires et son épanouissement personnel. Un individu qui gagne du terrain, et qui assume de plus en plus la responsabilité de son originalité, mais aussi la coresponsabilité du devenir des relations communautaires indispensables à sa vie ; puisque ce sont ces relations qui lui apportent soutien matériel, intégration et reconnaissance sociale. L’individualisation se négocie sans rupture entre individu et société, entre tradition et modernité, entre sujet de droit et sujet communautaire dans un environnement résolument engagé dans la dynamique d’une modernité singulière. / This thesis analyzes, through the case of Cameroon, the transformations of the social link in sub-Saharan Africa, in a context where the juridico-normative modernity embodied by the universalism of human rights is transforming the social space so as to leave more room to individual choices by loosening community constraints. It is based on a qualitative research with fieldwork carried out in the city of Douala in Cameroon during which thirty life stories of men and women of twenty five years and above were collected. The analysis of the contents of these biographies reveals the complexity of the reconfiguration of the lifestyles whereby, with the advent of human rights discourses, individuals fashion original forms of individualization. These are very different from the loose autonomy that the ideology of human rights confers to the abstract notion of individual and to concepts of rationality and individualism whose universal relevance as categories of thought are taken for granted. This thesis shows how, in sub-Saharan African societies, the consciousness of human rights involving self-consciousness challenges community rules and ascribed identities. However, this does not implies the rejection of the communitarian framework, but rather the evolvement of an individual who manages to forge a place as a subject of rights within a hierarchical and constraining communitarian system. The consciousness of human rights infers a process of individualization in which the individual longing for his/her rights and for a chosen identity constantly navigates between allegiance to community rules and self-fulfillment. It is an individual who asserts himself and assumes more and more responsibility for his/her choices, but at the same time take responsibility for the future communal relationships which are essential to his/her life; because these relationships bring him/her material support, recognition and social integration. Individualization is negotiated without breaking down the dialectics between individual and society, between tradition and modernity, between the subject of the law and community subject in an environment subjected to the dynamics of a singular modernity.

Th. 3e cycle--Géogr. hum.--Paris 1, 1987.

Thesis (MTech (Entrepreneurship))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2020 / Often effectively excluded by formal financial systems, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in developing countries have found in Mobile Money services an efficient and cost effective means of availing themselves of financial services without holding bank accounts. In order to provide meaningful recommendations to the stakeholders of the banking sector of Cameroon, small and medium-sized enterprises, Mobile Money service providers, and relevant state organs, this study was conducted to investigate the influence of Mobile Money services on the financial performance of SMEs in two markets in Douala in Cameroon. A mixed methods research design was employed to conduct the study. The quantitative data was collected through the administration of a survey questionnaire and the qualitative data from one-on-one in-depth interviews. By means of snowball sampling, a sample of 285 SMEs was obtained to respond to the survey questionnaire, while the researcher used purposive sampling to select the owners or managing directors of twelve of the respondents to participate in the interviews. Version 25 of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software was used to analyse the quantitative data, while the qualitative data was subjected to thematic analysis. Correlation and regression analyses yielded that independent variables pertaining to the adoption of Mobile Money services by the respondents to the questionnaire predicted of the order of 73 percent of variance with respect to increased sales turnover. Most of the twelve interviewees perceived that their business operations had improved significantly after they had begun making and receiving payments in the form of Mobile Money transactions. The participants in the study used Mobile Money mainly to receive money, send money, and buy airtime and a significant majority perceived that Mobile Money services were more cost effective than those of banks. Convenience, safety, and accessibility were the attributes of Mobile Money which the participants cited as having provided their principal motivations for electing to register as users of Mobile Money services. It could be concluded that Mobile Money services exerted a significant positive influence on the financial performance of the SMEs of the participants in the study. On the basis of the conclusions which were drawn from the findings, recommendations were made to the owners of SMEs in Douala, the Ministry of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises, Social Economy, and Handicrafts and Mobile Money service providers. The findings of the study underscore the role of Mobile Money services as an effective means of increasing financial inclusion and financial performance and could be useful to academics, owners and managers of SMEs, financial institutions in Cameroon and elsewhere, and also relevant policy makers.

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