Content: Air temperature and humidity are fundamental in the milling operation. There is a complicated correlation between air conditions and leather moisture that is practically impossible to predict in industrial process. Many important characteristics like softness, grain, pebble, yield depend on leather moisture. This patented system is the latest improvement in milling drums technology that keeps the leather cooler and allows a precise and optimal humidity control. Designed for soft, tight-grained leathers, especially from organic tannages and opened to a wide range of new operating conditions impossible with traditional machinery. The original new design makes the milling drum completely independent from the outside environment with many advantages: consistency over seasons, shorter transition time, energy savings. The original design is recognized by international patent, laboratory results on leather will be displayed during the presentation. Take-Away: The original new Cold Milling technology design makes the milling drum completely independent from the outside environment with many advantages: consistency over seasons, shorter transition time, energy savings. Nappa leather and all tight-grained leathers, especially organic tannaed, are beneficiary of this new technology.

The basic of this work is the construction realization of welding machines, components and in the ideal choice of the technological action by the production of galvanic drums. The work deals with the problem of the production of plastic galvanic drums from the construction point of view as well as the technological point of view. It contains the individual surface modifications outline. In detail is focused on the galvanic metal plating and the technical equipment needed to complete this action. Describe to the methods of thermoplastic materials precisely with focus on the method Hot Plate Welding by Heating Element.

This thesis deals with a design of a circular draining machine. The aim is to design a machine that complies with the respective requirements. The machine is assembled in a line for the preparation of paper stock, which is further processed for final paper production.

This thesis deals with the drying of biomass, especially drying of small wood mass. The various drying methods, such as belt drying, fluidized bed drying and drum drying are compared including their advantages and disadvantages. It is suggested basic technological scheme of drying line. The last part of the thesis deals with a calculation of drum dryer of specified performance and economic balance is made.

Unter dem Druck der ökonomischen Rahmenbedingungen entstehen in der Landwirschaft immer grössere Betriebe. Familienbetriebe von 500 ha sind keine Seltenheit mehr. In Verbindung mit den ökonomischen Anforderungen hat sich die Anzahl der Arbeitskräfte ebenfalls reduziert. All diese Faktoren haben die Entwicklung von leistungsfähigen Maschinen beschleunigt. Auf dem Gebiet der Mädruschtechnik wurden Maschinen mit beträchtlichen Flächenleistungen entwickelt, die unterschiedliche Dreschsysteme besitzen. Das tangentiale Dreschwerk mit Wendtrommel wurde weiter entwickelt und besitzt gegenwärtig noch weitere rotierende Abscheideelemente. Es entstand das axiale Dreschsystem, das sich in Mitteleuropa auch durchgesetzt hat. Das Hybridsystem stellt eine Kombination von Tangential- und Axialdreschwerk dar. Durch die Optimierung der Arbeitselemente der einzelnen Systeme sind gegenwärtig kaum noch Leistungssteigerungen möglich. Leistungsreserven gibt es nach wie vor bei der Gestaltung des kontinuiertlichen Gutflusses, der Verringerung der Strohzerstörung und der Vergrößerung der Abscheidefläche. Ausgehend von diesen Zielstellungen werden zwei Dreschtrommeln mit Schlagleisten übereinander angeordnet. Dabei soll das Dreschgut möglichst tangential zugeführt werden. Durch die Anordnung der Dreschtrommeln werden große Umschlingungswinkel und große Abscheideflächen erreicht. Als Versuchparameter wurden der Zuführwinkel des Dreschgutes, die Korbabstände und der Durchsatz festgelegt. Gemessen wurden das Drehmoment an der ersten Dreschtrommel, die Kräfte am Dreschkorb, die Korn- und die Beimengungsabscheidung in 5 verschiedenen Klassen. Gleichzeitig erfolgte die Ermittlung des Körnerrestes nach dem Dreschwerk. Aus den Untersuchungen und komplexen Betrachtungen können folgende Ergebnisse formuliert werden: 1. Die Anordnung von zwei Dreschtrommeln hintereinander ermöglicht eine tangentiale Gutzuführung bei beiden Dreschtrommeln. 2. Durch eine zweckmäßige Anordnung ist keine Wende- oder Abweisertrommel notwendig. 3. Die tangentiale Gutzuführung bei beiden Trommeln bewirkt, dass die Strohzerkleinerung gering bleibt und der spezifische Energieverbrauch kann gesenkt werden. 4. Es wird durch die zwei Dreschtrommeln ohne großen technischen Aufwand ein Korbumschlingungswinkel von 270° erreicht. 5. Mit großem Korbumschlingungswinkel werden große Abscheideleistungen erreicht. Damit ist eine Leistungssteigerung möglich. 6. Durch den großen Korbumschlingungswinkel kann mit großen Korbabständen schonend gedroschen werden. Der Körnerbruch wird geringer. 7. Durch die geringere Strohzerkleinerung wird die NKB-Abscheidung kleiner und die Reinigungsbelastung geringer. 8. Die Kräfte am Dreschkorb lassen sich als eine Kraft zusammenfassen. Die Kraftrichtung schwankt um die horizontale Ebene im Bereich von – 5° bis +6°. 9. Weitere Untersuchungen, wie das Korn-NKB-Gemisch zur Reinigung des Mähdreschers transportiert wird, sind erforderlich. Aus den Untersuchungen kann geschlussfolgert werden, dass ein derartiges Dreschsystem zur weiteren Leistungssteigerung beitragen kann, wobei die Gesamtkonzeption der gegenwärtigen Mähdrescher zu verändern ist.

Recent scholarship has revealed that the representation of Karnatic music as a “classical” art form in South Indian society was a complicated process bound to the agendas of larger early twentieth-century nationalist projects in India. This thesis explores the notions of classicalness as they are enacted in Karnatic music society through the oral transmission process from guru to shishya, or disciple. Still considered one of the most important emblems of the “classical,” the gurukula (lit. “guru-family”) system has been transformed to accommodate more contemporary lifestyles and reinscribed within many other social and musical processes in South Indian classical music society. This thesis examines the everyday interactions between members of Karnatic music society, particularly the clapping of t?la during a Karnatic music concert and the musical exchanges between percussionists onstage during the tani ?vartanam (Karnatic percussion solo), as public performances reminiscent of the relationship between guru and shishya.

The purpose of this master thesis is to provide a reliable methodology to predict the forced response of a monoblock bladed drum from a low pressure compressor. Pre-test forced response calculations have already been made at Techspace Aero in 2013. Now that experimental data are available, the methodology has to be adapted to ensure the best numerical-experimental correlation possible. The final goal is that, at the end of the thesis, engineers at Techspace Aero will be able to launch reliable forced response simulations within a short amount of time. For the sake of confidentiality, some data are not revealed, such as the engine name, some numerical values (forced response, aerodynamic damping, frequency of the mode etc…) and axis scales. In this paper, the study focuses on the forced response of a rotor blade from the first stage under the excitation from the upstream stator. The mode under investigation is the 2S2, the one that responded during the experiment. The TWIN approach is used to compute the forced response of the rotor blade. With this approach, a steady stage computation has first to be carried on as an initialization. Then two unsteady computations are necessary. The first, without blade motion, will provide the excitation aerodynamic forces. The aerodynamic damping will be extracted from the second one, where the motion of the blade is imposed on a given eigenmode. The forced response can then be computed with these two results and some additional structural data.  The results will be compared to the experimental value.

Performing optimization of structures is always of great interest. There are several different ways to optimize steel structures. Today, several companies are having difficulties with their cable drums during transport. Cable drums with full cable load become heavy and make it difficult to transport. This paper aims to examine existing published research and approaches, with a focus on steel optimization. This paper has two research objectives, the first one is to examine the possibilities for optimizing cable drums in terms of mass without compromising load capacity or yield stress. The second question is to determine how much of the weight/mass of cable drums may be reduced via optimization. To optimize it, measurements, cable drum modeling, research studies, and connecting suitable software's will be carried out in this paper. Participation Action Research and Reverse Engineering methodologies were implemented in combination. A literature review was performed to get a deeper understanding of the methods. A systematic literature review was done to identify available approaches and techniques for structural steel optimization. In order to optimize the cable drum, Excel and Autodesk Inventor were connected through Visual Basic Applications (VBA). The optimization process workflow acted with a server and two clients, where Excel acted as the server and Autodesk Inventor and MATLAB acted as clients. It was found that this was a suitable method for optimizing the cable drum were to work with an optimization process that included connecting a server with clients. The MATLAB function fmincon was applied with both interior-point algorithm and Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP). The optimal design variables for the cable drum were established, and the objective minimization was accomplished by reducing the cable drum mass of 2495.20 kg. The cable drums mass was minimized to 101.86 kg. The literature review was systematically conducted to find available approaches and methods for structural steel optimization. The combination of Participatory Action Research (PAR) and Reverse Engineering (RE) was ideal for this project since it enabled both approaches to gather data on cable drum capacity and alternative optimization strategies.The schematic optimization workflow was appropriate to apply throughout the implementation phase. The workflow gave the user complete control over the optimization process, and the automated process saved time and was simple to adapt.

Black Carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) is an invasive fish species native to Asia that has become increasingly abundant within the Mississippi River Basin during the past decade. Originally introduced to control snails that are an intermediate host for trematode parasites of fishes in aquaculture ponds, Black Carp are now present in several rivers in the U.S. and represent a potential threat to threatened and endangered mussel populations. Black Carp have historically been classified as molluscivores; however, a recent study that examined gut contents of Black Carp collected from the Mississippi River Basin indicated that Black Carp are opportunistic consumers that prey upon a wide variety of invertebrates and are flexible in their feeding modes. Despite the potential for Black Carp to compete with native riverine fish species for invertebrate prey, only one published study has compared Black Carp trophic position with that of native fishes in a small portion of the Black Carp’s invaded range. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to assess trophic overlap between Black Carp and two fish species native to the Mississippi River Basin using isotopic niche analysis and gut contents analysis. Dorsal muscle tissue samples were collected from Black Carp, Freshwater Drum (Aplodinotus grunniens), and Blue Catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) and analyzed for δ13C and δ15N to assess each species’ isotopic niche. Freshwater Drum and Blue Catfish gut contents were also removed and analyzed and compared to published Black Carp stomach contents data. Gut contents analysis indicated differences in diet composition between Black Carp and the two native fish species. Chironomidae had the highest frequency of occurrence (67%) and percent of taxa by number (47%) for Freshwater Drum. Trichoptera had the highest frequency of occurrence (58%) and percent of taxa by number (30%) for Blue Catfish, and Gastropoda had the highest frequency of occurrence (16.5%) of any specific prey taxa for Black Carp. Black Carp showed low isotopic niche overlap (≤47%) with both native species when muscle tissue δ13C and δ15N data from all fish collection locations were combined and when assessment of isotopic niches was restricted to the subset of locations where all three species were collected. Isotopic niche overlap was also low (10-48%) between Black Carp and both native species when isotopic niches were compared at individual collection locations. Intraspecific isotopic niche overlap among fish collection locations was highly variable (0-69%) within each of the three species, highlighting the need to assess interspecific isotopic niche overlap by collection location. Broad isotopic niches exhibited by Black Carp in the Mississippi River and tributaries are indicative of substantial trophic diversity among individuals and use of multiple basal energy sources, consistent with a recently published study which found that Black Carp diet composition differed among individuals and that Black Carp consumed a variety of invertebrates, including non-benthic taxa.

The majority of the Middle Cambrian Wheeler Formation in the Drum Mountains was deposited during a single 3rd order sequence. Superimposed onto this sequence are three indistinct 4th order cycles and twenty distinct 5th order cycles. These higher order cycles were likely deposited within short intervals of geologic time (204 to 405 ky). The lower sequence boundary zone occurs within the Swasey Formation. The Transgressive Surface is the contact between the Swasey and Wheeler Formations. The Maximum Flooding Surface is located near the top of the lower Wheeler Formation, which also approximates the base of the Ptychagnostus atavus range zone. The upper sequence boundary is marked by stromatolites, which occur near the top of the upper member of the Wheeler Formation in the Drum Mountains. Deposition of the Wheeler Formation in the Drum Mountains was controlled by eustacy and tectonics. Local normal faulting associated with Middle Cambrian postrifting thermal subsidence may have caused some of the 5th order cycles. The cycles and surfaces defined in this stratigraphic analysis, and the base of the Ptychagnostus atavus and P. gibbus range-zones, can be used to correlate strata occurring in other localities in the eastern Great Basin. In addition, this study enables the evaluation of the effect of tectonics (faulting) versus global eustacy on the sedimentary regime occurring within the Middle Cambrian House Range Embayment.