Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T14:57:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Elisabete T Kowata.pdf: 2397519 bytes, checksum: df1ed4bd74a16c5e66a0ff4d7f8f9825 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-11 / Information about a particular subject can be stored in different repositories such as databases, digital libraries, spreadsheets, text files, web pages etc. In this context of heterogeneous data sources, to query, possibly in natural language, to integrate information and to promote interoperability are tasks that depend, among other factors, on the prior knowledge that an user has regarding location, owner, content description of each information source etc. More specifically, in the case of database, this information are not usually stored in a catalogue of the database management system and to obtain is necessary to resort to the administrator s knowledge database. Another factor is the absence of search engines to databases in the web that access and make available the information in those repositories, data are limited due to the organizations themselves. In a shared information environment, it is highly relevant to make possible access to metadata that describe a data source, regardlessly of the device and format in which is stored. This study aims to describe a mechanism to promote interoperability of relational databases with other sources of information through the extraction and exposing of metadata using OAI-PMH / Informações sobre um determinado assunto podem estar armazenadas em diferentes repositórios como banco de dados, bibliotecas digitais, planilhas eletrônicas, arquivos textos, páginas na web etc. Nesse contexto de fontes de dados heterogêneas, consultar, possivelmente em linguagem natural, integrar informações e promover interoperabilidade são tarefas que dependem, dentre outros fatores, do conhecimento prévio que um usuário tem sobre a localização, o proprietário, a descrição do conteúdo de cada fonte de informação. Mais especificamente, no caso de bancos de dados, essas informações não são, em geral, armazenadas no catálogo de um sistema gerenciador de bancos de dados; para obtê-las é necessário recorrer ao conhecimento do administrador desse banco. Outro fator que evidencia essa dependência é a ausência de mecanismos de busca a bancos de dados na web que acessam e tornam disponíveis as informações contidas nesses repositórios, devido ao fato desses dados estarem limitados às próprias organizações. Em um ambiente de compartilhamento de informações, é altamente relevante tornar possível o acesso aos metadados que descrevem uma fonte de dados, independentemente do meio e do formato em que esteja armazenada. Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever um mecanismo para promover interoperabilidade de bancos de dados relacionais com outras fontes de informações, por meio da extração e exposição dos metadados usando o protocolo OAI-PMH.

The purpose of this Master's thesis is to study metadata and its use at Web sites of six Swedish universities and colleges. Each Web site has been examined at three different hierarchical levels and the total number of examined Web pages is 258. 16 questionnaires have also been sent to webmasters at the six universities and colleges. The results show that metadata refers to the data which can assist to organize, describe, identify, locate, evaluate and retrieve resources on the Internet. Even though there are several different metadata formats available on the Internet, the commercial search engines only support the HTML's title tag and the meta tags with the attributes keywords and description. The six examined Web sites use the meta tag to some extent. The metadata format Dublin Core is represented in a small number of the examined Web pages. Search engines usually present the title tag and the description tag of Web pages in the search results. Therefore, it seems especially important to provide good title and description tags. The study of the three different hierarchical levels at each Web site shows a difference in the use of metadata. At some levels the HTML's meta tag is not used at all. In the questionnaires, the webmasters describe the Web sites as decentralized, where each webmaster only answers for his/her part of the Web site. The differences in the use of metadata could be due to each webmaster's interest and knowledge of metadata. / Uppsatsnivå: D

The aim of this bachelor thesis is to study how libraries handle metadata in institutional repositories. The methodology of the study is semi-structured interviews with librarians from all Swedish libraries that currently use the institutional repository system DSpace. Metadata schemes from the different libraries have also been studied. As analytical tools the study uses the user tasks presented in Functional Requirement for Bibliographic Records, as well as a study of metadata quality made by Jung-Ran Park. The study shows a rather big difference between the ways the libraries use institutional repositories. Some of the libraries use their repository as a full text database, while others use it for all publications within the organization with bibliometric functions. The study also shows that there is a difference in the use of metadata. Some of the libraries use the metadata elements created by Dublin Core Metadata Initiative, while others create their own elements. / Program: Bibliotekarie

Metadata is an increasingly central tool in the current web environment, enabling large-scale, distributed management of resources. Recent years has seen a growth in interaction between previously relatively isolated metadata communities, driven by a need for cross-domain collaboration and exchange. However, metadata standards have not been able to meet the needs of interoperability between independent standardization communities. For this reason the notion of metadata harmonization, defined as interoperability of combinations of metadata specifications, has risen as a core issue for the future of web-based metadata. This thesis presents a solution-oriented analysis of current issues in metadata harmonization. A set of widely used metadata specifications in the domains of learning technology, libraries and the general web environment have been chosen as targets for the analysis, with a special focus on Dublin Core, IEEE LOM and RDF. Through active participation in several metadata standardization communities, a body of knowledge of harmonization issues has been developed. The thesis presents an analytical framework of concepts and principles for understanding the issues arising when interfacing multiple standardization communities. The analytical framework focuses on a set of important patterns in metadata specifications and their respective contribution to harmonization issues: Metadata syntaxes as a tool for metadata exchange. Syntaxes are shown to be of secondary importance in harmonization. Metadata semantics as a cornerstone for interoperability. This thesis argues that the incongruences in the interpretation of metadata descriptions play a significant role in harmonization. Abstract models for metadata as a tool for designing metadata standards. It is shown how such models are pivotal in the understanding of harmonization problems. Vocabularies as carriers of meaning in metadata. The thesis shows how portable vocabularies can carry semantics from one standard to another, enabling harmonization. Application profiles as a method for combining metadata standards. While application profiles have been put forward as a powerful tool for interoperability, the thesis concludes that they have only a marginal role to play in harmonization. The analytical framework is used to analyze and compare seven metadata specifications, and a concrete set of harmonization issues is presented. These issues are used as a basis for a metadata harmonization framework where a multitude of metadata specifications with different characteristics can coexist. The thesis concludes that the Resource Description Framework (RDF) is the only existing specification that has the right characteristics to serve as a practical basis for such a harmonization framework, and therefore must be taken into account when designing metadata specifications. Based on the harmonization framework, a best practice for metadata standardization development is developed, and a roadmap for harmonization improvements of the analyzed standards is presented. / QC 20101117

Das hierzu passende Leitreferat lieferte Prof. Dr. Jürgen Krause, Leiter des Informationszentrums Sozialwissenschaften, Bonn. Sein Thema: “Informationswesen / Sacherschliessung in Deutschland. Lösungsansätze für eine Welt der polyzentrischen Informationsversorgung“. Ausgehend von einer Informationsversorgung, die in Zeiten des Web unvermeidlich polyzentrisch ist, konzentrierte Krause sich auf die in der heutigen Informationslandschaft vorhandene – und zu überwindende - Heterogenität. Seine Leitlinie: „Standardisierung von der Heterogenität her zu denken“. Ein Beispiel: Mit dem genormten Schlagwort „Evaluationsforschung“ aus der SWD finden sich in der Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek 56 Treffer, in der Datenbank SOLIS dagegen 0. Die Suche in SOLIS, durchgeführt mit dem entsprechenden gültigen Schlagwort „wissenschaftliche Begleitung“ hätte zu 327 Treffern geführt. Krauses Fazit: angemessenes Retrieval (zu erreichen durch Standardisierung) hilft die „offene Zange“ schließen. Seine Rezepte hierzu: Crosskonkordanzen und algorithmische Metadatenermittlung. Beispiele für erste Einsätze dieser Instrumente waren VASCODA und infoconnex. Wobei weitere Forschungen zur bilateralen Vagheitsbehandlung anstehen.

Das Original-Dokument wurde in das Format pdf umgewandelt. Das hierzu passende Leitreferat lieferte Prof. Dr. Jürgen Krause, Leiter des Informationszentrums Sozialwissenschaften, Bonn. Sein Thema: “Informationswesen / Sacherschliessung in Deutschland. Lösungsansätze für eine Welt der polyzentrischen Informationsversorgung“. Ausgehend von einer Informationsversorgung, die in Zeiten des Web unvermeidlich polyzentrisch ist, konzentrierte Krause sich auf die in der heutigen Informationslandschaft vorhandene – und zu überwindende - Heterogenität. Seine Leitlinie: „Standardisierung von der Heterogenität her zu denken“. Ein Beispiel: Mit dem genormten Schlagwort „Evaluationsforschung“ aus der SWD finden sich in der Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek 56 Treffer, in der Datenbank SOLIS dagegen 0. Die Suche in SOLIS, durchgeführt mit dem entsprechenden gültigen Schlagwort „wissenschaftliche Begleitung“ hätte zu 327 Treffern geführt. Krauses Fazit: angemessenes Retrieval (zu erreichen durch Standardisierung) hilft die „offene Zange“ schließen. Seine Rezepte hierzu: Crosskonkordanzen und algorithmische Metadatenermittlung. Beispiele für erste Einsätze dieser Instrumente waren VASCODA und infoconnex. Wobei weitere Forschungen zur bilateralen Vagheitsbehandlung anstehen.

Storage, preservation and access of Master's and PhD theses as well as their abstracts in an electronic form provide unique opportunities to the academic community in Lithuania as well as worldwide. The main aims of this project were to establish an archive (Lithuanian ETD IS) of Lithuanian student final year projects, PhD theses and their abstracts in an electronic form (ETD). This archive should become a part of the Lithuanian academic library network (LABT), ensuring registration and storage of ETD documents, and should be accessible by the academic community in Lithuania and the rest of the world. In order to develop the Lithuanian ETD IS, the most widely used formats and methods for access, retrieval and exchange with NDLTD and other national ETD projects were employed. A solution, ensuring efficient ETD registration, preservation, retrieval and access by users, is presented and discussed. Application of the ExLibris programming products (ALEPH500™, MetaLib™, SFX™), developed during the LABT project, was used.

Please read the abstract in the section 00front of this document / Thesis (DPhil (Information Science))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Information Science / unrestricted

Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta para a publicação eletrônica de imagens e metadados do formato DICOM, visando à interoperabilidade de sistemas heterogêneos, que têm a capacidade de se adaptarem às particularidades do ambiente médico, através da Web, proporcionando assim, ambientes propícios à área da saúde. Atualmente, para desenvolver ambientes de visualização de imagens na Web, são utilizados padrões de imagens, conceitos de metadados e adaptação de tecnologias para este fim. Utilizando o formato padrão de imagens médicas DICOM, com este trabalho se propõe construir um Framework para visualizar e trocar informações através da Web. Entre as suas aplicações estão a telemedicina e a integração de imagens aos sistemas de informação na área da saúde. / The present work presents a proposal for electronic publishing of images and metadata of the DICOM format. It aims interoperation of heterogeneous systems, which have the capacity to adapt themselves to the specificities of medical environment, via Web, providing this way, proper environments to the health area. Nowadays, in order to develop environments for visualizing images on the Web, it is necessary to use patterns of images, metadata concepts and adaptations of technologies for this purpose. Throughout the use of standard format of medical images DICOM, this work proposes the construction of a Framework to visualize and exchange information via Web. Among its applications are the telemedicine and the image integration to the information systems in the health area.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2002-08-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:55:15Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 gracio_jca_dr_mar.pdf: 324329 bytes, checksum: 3ffd9c072e7ad8dd22a5764246309d9b (MD5) / Os avanços na Ciência e Tecnologia, particularmente na informática e nas telecomunicações, fizeram com que a Internet se tornasse uma das mais importantes fontes de informação. Ao mesmo tempo, a carência de dados adequados sobre os recursos disponíveis na Web leva à necessidade de criação de elementos descritivos que possam contribuir para a representação de tais recursos. Nesse sentido, a utilização de metadados parece ser a melhor solução para o problema. Metadados podem ser definidos como um conjunto de elementos que descrevem as informações contidas em um recurso, permitindo, assim, sua busca e recuperação. Desse modo, tem-se os metadados em, seu conceito, funcionamento, padrões existentes e formas de utilização, bem como as características e a estrutura do padrão Dublin Core para descrição de recursos na Web e, ainda, um estudo de diversos projetos que utilizam metadados. A análise dos projetos indica que o padrão Dublin Core, composto de um conjunto de 15 elementos, vem sendo amplamente utilizado por sua simplicidade de descrição, extensibilidade e interoperabilidade. Essa última característica é um requisito importante, considerando-se os diversos padrões de metadados existentes, pois a correspondência entre eles é fundamental para a troca de informações. Os resultados obtidos indicam que estudos de metadados conduzem à interoperabilidade entre os padrões existentes e sua representação por linguagens de marca, como a linguagem XML, juntamente com a arquitetura RDF. / Advances in Science and Technology, particularly in computing science and telecommunication, have made the Internet one of the most important sources of information. At the same time, the lack of adequate data about the resources available on the Web calls for the need to create descriptive elements which may contribute to represent such resources. In this sense, the development of metadata seems to be the best solution to the problem. Metadata are a set of elements designed to describe the information of a resource, thus allowing its search and retrieval. This work presents a discussion of metadata, how they work on the Web, the existing standards and their use, the concepts found in various domains, the characteristics and structure of the Dublin Core standard used to describe the Web resources, and also a study of several projects adopting metadata. The analysis of the projects shows that the Dublin Core standard, which is a 15-element set of descriptors, has been widely used for its simplicity, extensibility and interoperability. The latter characteristic is an important requirement when considering the various metadata standards currently in use, since their correspondence is fundamental to information exchange. The results obtained indicate that metadata studies lead to interoperability among the existing standards and their representation by markup languages like XML, as well as RDF architecture.