This thesis analyses new evidence for both the architectural and social histories of the late-medieval Archbishops of Canterburys‘ house at Knole in Sevenoaks, Kent. Built and occupied by a succession of archbishops between 1456 and 1538, Knole is today regarded as one of the most significant medieval houses in Great Britain. Using newly discovered summary building accounts the thesis suggests a new interpretation of the building phases of the house. This has reattributed most of the major phases to Archbishop Bourchier (c.1411 – 1486) and suggests that by the time of his death much of the extant fabric had been completed. Significantly it also suggests, for the first time, that Bourchier may have been responsible for building the ranges surrounding Green Court; a part of the house that has previously been attributed to later owners of Knole. The thesis also suggests that of Bourchier‘s successors at Knole only Archbishop Warham (c.1450 – 1532) made any significant alterations to the building and attributes to him the timber-framed ranges around Pheasant Court and the east front, including the Brown Gallery. In addition to its architecture, the thesis also considers how a house like Knole was used by the archbishops and discusses the evidence for its differing functions. It compares Knole to other late-medieval houses and palaces, most significantly to the nearby house at Otford; another property built by the Archbishops of Canterbury. The thesis concludes that, alongside some ritual and business functions, Knole‘s primary role was as a country retreat away from the demands of Court and politics.

This thesis is a study of the social and cultural significance of Standen from the perspective of the Beale family's lived experience of the property from 1890 to 1914. The Beales commissioned architect Philip Webb to design Standen in 1891, they were sole owners of the property until it was bequeathed to the National Trust in the early 1970s. Although Standen is recognised by architectural historians as a fine and complete example of Art and Crafts architecture of the period and is celebrated for its William Morris wallpapers, little is known about how the family experienced the house. Drawing on Henri Lefebvre's theory which understands a user's space as lived and not represented, this thesis moves away from traditional architectural accounts to focus on the family's lived experience and the role they played in the creation of Standen. It analyses family and estate archives, the property and its collection of objects and photographs to reveal that Standen's decorative interior, as an ‘eclectic' mix of styles blending Arts and Crafts with Aestheticism, was interwoven with social and cultural meaning. Representing original and innovative research into the history of domestic interiors and living space, this thesis aims to encourage new ways of engaging with and critically understanding the late-nineteenth century Arts and Crafts Movement.

by Chan Yuen Yee, Irene, Chung Wing Sze. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 64-65). / Questionnaire also in Chinese. / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.v / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.vi / LIST OF TABLES --- p.ix / Chapter / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Background --- p.1 / Elderly People and the Living Environment --- p.2 / The Role of the Living Environment to Elderly People --- p.2 / The Housing and Environment Needs of Elderly People --- p.3 / Physical Aspects --- p.4 / Social Aspects --- p.4 / Objectives --- p.5 / Chapter II. --- SCOPE OF STUDY --- p.6 / Marco Environment --- p.6 / The Changing Profile and Characteristics of Elderly People in Hong Kong --- p.6 / Ageing population --- p.6 / Education Level --- p.8 / Earlier Retirement and Retirement Population --- p.8 / Economics --- p.9 / Policy and Regulations --- p.10 / Age of Retirement and Pension Scheme --- p.10 / Tax Allowance for Maintaining Dependents --- p.11 / Old Age Allowances and Senior Citizen Cards --- p.11 / Public Medical Service --- p.11 / Financial Assistance to the Aged --- p.12 / Increasing Needs of Personal Financial Planning --- p.12 / Staying Period for Hong Kong Citizens in China --- p.13 / Social Cultures --- p.13 / Self-financing and Living Independently at Old Ages --- p.13 / More Life & Health Conscious --- p.13 / Better Perception on the Living Quality in China --- p.14 / Trend of Cross-boundary Traveling Between Hong Kong and China --- p.14 / Micro Environment --- p.15 / Demand for Residential Service for Hong Kong Elderly in China --- p.15 / Increasing Market Size --- p.15 / Market Potentials --- p.15 / Needs of Community Development for the Elderly --- p.16 / Demand on Residential Service in China --- p.17 / Limitations of living in China --- p.17 / Supply of Elderly Accommodation Service in Hong Kong --- p.17 / Private Housing --- p.17 / Public Housing --- p.18 / Residential Care House --- p.18 / Supply of Elderly Accommodation Service in China --- p.19 / Residential Care Homes --- p.19 / Private Housing --- p.19 / Product Features --- p.20 / Price --- p.21 / Location --- p.21 / Promotion --- p.21 / Chapter III. --- METHODOLOGY --- p.23 / Primary Data --- p.23 / Survey Objectives --- p.23 / Sampling Population --- p.24 / Sampling Method --- p.24 / Process of Survey --- p.24 / Limitations --- p.25 / Data Analysis --- p.25 / Secondary Data --- p.25 / Chapter IV --- SURVEY RESULTS AND DISCUSSION --- p.26 / Profile of the Respondents --- p.26 / Lifestyle and Consumption Behavior after Retirement --- p.27 / Living Arrangement after Retirement --- p.27 / Daily Activities after Retirement --- p.28 / All Respondents --- p.28 / Difference between Retired and Non-Retired People --- p.28 / Demographic Factors --- p.29 / Average Monthly Expenditure after Retirement --- p.30 / Proportion of Different Expenses on Monthly Spending after Retirement --- p.31 / All Respondents --- p.31 / Difference between Retired and Non-Retired People --- p.31 / Correlation between Monthly Expenditure and Percentages of Different Expenses --- p.32 / Correlation between Different Expenses and Likelihood of Retirement in China --- p.32 / Demographic Factors --- p.32 / Retirement Plan in China --- p.33 / Reasons for Retirement in China --- p.35 / Reasons for not to retire in China --- p.36 / Buying Property in China --- p.38 / Ideal Dwelling for Retirement in China --- p.39 / Chapter V --- RECOMMENDATIONS --- p.43 / Market Size --- p.43 / Target Customers --- p.44 / Expected Expenditure --- p.44 / Product --- p.45 / Interior Design --- p.46 / Supplementary Property Management Service --- p.46 / Supplementary Community Facilities --- p.47 / Place --- p.48 / Price --- p.49 / Promotion --- p.49 / Chapter VI --- CONCLUSION --- p.51 / APPENDIX --- p.53 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.64

Thesis. 1976. M.ArchAS--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Architecture. / Microfiche copy available in Archives and Rotch. / Bibliography: p. 106. / by Mark Horne Butler and Nedret Tayyibe Butler. / M.ArchAS

Com o final da Idade do Bronze na Grécia Continental se tornou possível vislumbrar uma série de mudanças que afetaram o modo de vida de toda sociedade grega. Neste trabalho pretendemos estudar como as formas arquitetônicas registraram essas mudanças e quais interpretações são possíveis de serem formuladas a partir do registro arqueológico e análises das fontes textuais. Será dado destaque aos sentidos da monumentalidade em edificações de usufruto coletivo. O momento em questão abrange os séculos XII - VIII e as estruturas estudadas serão as Casas de Chefe com particular ênfase na função que possuíam, sua arquitetura e de que maneira sucederam os palácios da época Micênica. / With the end of the Bronze Age Continental Greece became possible to envisage a series of changes that have affected the way of life of the entire Greek society. In this paper we intend to study how architectural forms recorded these changes and interpretations which are possible to be made from the archaeological record and analysis of the textual sources. Emphasis will be placed to the senses of the monumentality in buildings of collective usufruct. The moment in question covers the centuries XII - VIII and the studied structures will be the Rulers\' Dwellings with particular emphasis on the function that had, its architecture and how succeeded the palaces of the Mycenaean era.

A presente pesquisa teve por finalidade a avaliação da qualidade dimensional dos compartimentos que compõem as habitações através da análise do Uso, da Função e das Atividades desenvolvidas nestes ambientes. Inicialmente foram inventariados 216 apartamentos selecionados dentre os lançamentos imobiliários realizados no município de São Paulo, entre os anos de 2000 a 2005, universo estudado pelo Inventário das Recomendações Dimensionais dos Espaços, Equipamentos e Mobiliário da Habitação FAPESP 03/09.069-1, BOUERI J.J., (2004)1, do qual o autor foi colaborador com o detalhamento de todos os arranjos dos ambientes em trabalho programado Pesquisa de Composição de Mobiliário e Equipamentos da Habitação (2004). Posteriormente, foi realizado um aprofundamento nos apartamentos de quatro dormitórios, verificando o uso dos espaços em função das atividades ali exercidas no segundo trabalho programado do autor. Com base nesse aprofundamento, foram aplicados dois tipos de avaliação da Qualidade Habitacional, inicialmente o Método de Avaliação da Qualidade Arquitetônica Habitacional de PEDRO, João Branco (2003) nos quesitos relativos ao dimensionamento e posteriormente os Índices Ergonômicos da Habitação, Prof. Dr. BOUERI, J.J. (2001)2.Com base nos resultados obtidos na avaliação, a pesquisa buscou concluir com o tipo de qualidade dimensional existente nos apartamentos lançados no mercado imobiliário da cidade de São Paulo. A relevância do estudo criterioso do dimensionamento habitacional extrapola o âmbito do projeto arquitetônico devido à relação de interdependência com os preços dos apartamentos, principalmente nas grandes cidades, como é o caso de São Paulo. Este fator, associado ao custo da terra urbana, forma conjunto que compõe o valor de venda dos apartamentos. / The purpose of this research was to evaluate the dimensional quality of habitation compartments. Witch was accomplished by the analysis of Use, Function and Activities performed at these environments. Initially, 216 apartments were selected amongst the real state launchings in the São Paulo city, between the years of 2000 and 2005 were inventoried. Those units also belong to the Inventory of the Dimensional Recommendations for Spaces, Equipment and Furniture at the Habitation FAPESP 03/09.069-1, BOUERI J.J., (2004), having the rooms disposal (lay outs) already been studied in detail by the author. Afterwards, a deepening study on the four bedroom apartments was carried trough by the same author, verifying the space uses in function of the activities there developed. Based in this new study, two types of evaluation of dwelling quality were applied: at first Evaluation Method of Architectural Dwelling Quality PEDRO, João Branco (2003) in the sections of dimension and afterwards the Ergonomic Rate of Dwelling, BOUERI (2001).Based of the gotten results the research was directed to the type of dimensional quality of the apartments launched in the real estate market in the city of São Paulo.The importance of the careful study of dimension in the dwellings went beyond the scope of the architectural project due to the interdependent relationship between the market price and the measure of the building, mainly in the great cities, as it is in São Paulo. This factor plus the price of urban soil, compound the market value of the apartments.

Neste trabalho pretendeu-se identificar nos discursos arquitetônicos dos periódicos de Arquitetura publicados no Rio de Janeiro e em São Paulo, entre 1920 e 1940, a presença de um pensamento tecnológico relacionado aos processos construtivos, ao estudo dos materiais, à recepção das concepções modernas, à problematização da habitação econômica, às possibilidades de uma arquitetura nacional e à propugnação das novas possibilidades construtivas, articuladas a um contexto propício à conformação da arquitetura moderna brasileira. Verificou-se que houve desenvolvimento tecnológico e introdução de indústrias de materiais de construção nacionais e que a consolidação da arquitetura moderna brasileira ocorreu de forma paralela, articulada, mas não dependente, ora se apropriando dos recursos tecnológicos já disponíveis, ora demandando novas soluções que respondessem às preocupações de linguagem, ora também operando no interior das dificuldades técnico-construtivas e, apesar destas, sendo realizada. Nesse processo, a questão habitacional se manteve à margem dos debates presentes nos periódicos do período, não conformando um novo programa vinculado ao novo estatuto da nova arquitetura. / This work aims at identifying, in the architectonical speeches of Architecture magazines published in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo between 1920 and 1940, the presence of a technological thinking related to the constructive processes, as well as to the material study, reception of modern conceptions, problematization of the economic dwellings, possibilities of a national architecture and to the propagation of new constructive possibilities, articulated to a propitious context for the conformation of the Brazilian modern architecture. It was verified that there was a technological development and the introduction of national building material industries, and that the consolidation of the Brazilian modern architecture occurred in a parallel and articulated way, but not in a dependent one, sometimes taking hold of the already existent technological resources, sometimes demanding new solutions that would fulfill the language worries, sometimes operating in the inner of the technical-constructive difficulties, and despite them, being successfully performed. In this process, the housing matter stayed outside of the debates present in the periodical of the researched time, not conforming to a new program bounded to the new statute of the new architecture.

Thesis. 1979. M.Arch.--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Architecture. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH. / Bibliography: p. 101-102. / M.Arch.

A prototype hybrid knowledge-based advisory system for indoor radon mitigation has been developed to assist Pacific Northwest mitigators in the selection and design of mitigation systems for existing homes. The advisory system employs a heuristic inferencing strategy to determine which mitigation techniques are applicable, and applies procedural methods to perform the fan selection and cost estimation for particular techniques. The rule base has been developed employing knowledge in existing publications on radon mitigation. Additional knowledge has been provided by field experts. The benefits of such an advisory system include uniform record-keeping and consistent computations for the user, and verification of approved radon mitigation methods.

No description available.