Local food and the localisation of food are beset by many problems in the UK. We have still yet to agree on a consensus view of the term ‘local food’ despite the call for an enforceable definition. The continued absence of rules around products and their relative spatial determinacy has lead to the development of both fluid, and subjective interpretations around the term ‘local’, as well as a willingness by key actors to readily conflate ‘local’ with ‘regional’ as a pluralistic device in a market worth £4.6 billion in sales from farm shops and farmers’ markets alone. This research sets out to identify and diffuse the problems we have in defining what local food is, and presciently, what it may become. The research itself utilises a qualitative multiple case study approach, engaging with a final cohort of 23 producers of similar products, but at different scales of supply, and across a broad geographic spread of England. In encompassing areas which do not have a reputation for local food, the research mitigates against previous micro-analytical research and adds both construct and internal validity to its data, gathered by semi-structured interviews, process mapping and questionnaires. Template analysis is used as a data extraction tool in this research, which seeks to provide disambiguation around the sector and suggest a way forward which has the potential to offer greater derived benefit to current and future stakeholders.

Tourism has a long history but research on tourism is recent and linked to the modern mass tourism. Tourism research deals with the subject from three perspectives. First it is treated as a social phenomenon, second as an economic phenomenon and third as a geographic phenomenon. Even in the geographer's eye tourism has many faces ranging from interaction between people and places to land use patterns and influence on the landscape. The aim of the study is to analyse tourism travel patterns during the summer vacation period in Sweden. A number of questions are addressed: Who is a tourist? Why do people travel in their leisure time? Why do they choose a particular destination? Do people travel during their vacations and if so, where do they go? Is it possible to genera-lise about the scattered pattern of tourism travel into regions with similar catchment areas and catchment profiles? Although tourism as a word has been in the language for a long time and people have an intuitive understanding of the concept, it is still a concept that defies definition. This study uses a partly instrumental and partly role-related definition in the empirical sections. A tourist is a person visiting a place other than his home municipality and staying over night The visit shall have purely recreational purposes and no connection with the visitor's business or employment After deciding who is a tourist, the next question is: Why does a tourist travel? Many empirical studies show that personal motives are the most important reasons for leisure time travel. Going to another town to visit a relative is tourism. Thus, tourism travel may be viewed partly as a reflection of migration.which thus increases tourism. The tourism is associated with "tour", but the real touring tourist is fairly rare. An interview survey conducted as part of this study showed that about 50 % of the popu­lation is at home at the same time during their vacation period. Habits are stable; this has not changed significantly over the last 20 years. On the other hand, a majority leave home for some period during their vacation, but make only one short over night visit away from home. Only four of Sweden's 24 counties received more travellers from counties other than themselves. Travel within the home county is much greater than might be expected. This study includes a methodological experiment on regionalization. A normal cluster analysis has been performed with the addition of a neighbor constraint. Destinations for most journeys during the vacation period are secondary homes or places where friends and relatives live. Only approximately one third of all "tourism travel" is tourism in a "pure" sense. This means that most people, although they are travelling during vacations, rarely use tourist facilities. What are normally considered to be tourist attractions are not really attractive to these people. Thus, one conclusion is that the potential market for the tourist business for Swedes in Sweden may be smaller than expected. / digitalisering@umu

No description available.

Although archives hold vast amounts of travel records, these records have been virtually ignored in the archival literature. Thus research is needed on contextualizing them for the various functions archivists perform with such contextual knowledge. Other academic fields have produced much work on the history of travel, but little as yet on the records of travel. Within archival literature, journal articles have been published on documents created as a consequence of travel, but they have seldom been studied within the context of the history of travel. This thesis demonstrates the importance of historical context in the examination of travel records through a case study analysis of the travel records created between 1927 and 1979 by Lillian Beatrice Allen, a University of Manitoba professor, a photographer, and a frequent traveller. This thesis argues that the full value of travel records cannot be obtained if they are studied outside the context of the history of travel and of the particular travellers who created them. Allen’s travel records will be contextualized within the tradition of travellers’ records, and more specifically those of women travellers. By evaluating not just what she says in her travel records, but also how she records them, what types of travel records she keeps, what that says about her, and what that says about travel records and women travellers in general, I hope to demonstrate the value of applying the archival perspective to the history of travel and travel records. Archivists, as those responsible for the care and contextualization of such research tools, are well-placed to play a key role in illuminating the history of travel records and thus provide better archival representations of them and thereby better service to researchers. Also, although archivists have traditionally aimed to be neutral gatekeepers of information, this study of Allen’s travel records demonstrates the effect archivists can have (indeed must have) on the types and amounts of records kept to ensure that valuable sources of information are not lost to future generations.

Human travel affects important processes in public health and infectious disease dynamics. Refined spatial and temporal data are needed to accurately model how the dynamics of human travel contribute to epidemiological patterns of disease as well as access to healthcare resources. Here, I address a number of key issues related to modeling human mobility patterns and applications for understanding the spatial spread of infectious diseases and geographic access to public health resources. Using large sources of behavioral data anonymously collected from mobile phones within two African countries, I first analyze the utility of these data to quantify human mobility patterns as well as the usefulness of common modeling frameworks. Then I compare these data to two more common sources of human travel data: the national census and a comprehensive travel survey. Next, I use these data to assess the impact of human travel on the movement of malaria parasites. The final component of my thesis focuses on the utility of this data source to generally understand the role of geographic isolation on travel patterns to better understand the disparity between areas with various levels of access to public resources and the uptake of preventative healthcare such as immunizations and antenatal care.

A few stories about the time I rode my bike across the Southern United States.

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This thesis gives an overview and seeks to establish a framework for creating the built environments that would support an ethical and environmentally aware global counterculture in travel and tourism. It seeks to advocate for the use of natural building techniques, responsive architecture, and sustainability in hospitality design and demonstrates the positive impact that these strategies might have on the visitor as well as the host community. Such reciprocal benefits are achieved by encouraging respectful, ecologically, and culturally sustainable design of global hospitality facilities, while the visitor is immersed in contextually-conscious spaces and environments. This approach is illustrated in several global terroir-driven vineyard case-studies. A new design and development methodology is outlined, stemming from Goethean science and its emphasis on the relationship between people and environment, a methodology that involves reciprocity, wonderment, and gratitude. The thesis maintains that if a hospitality environment is developed as holistically as possible, the spirit of the place visited will be amplified to the extent that visitors will feel that un-namable sense of energy that comes from a deeper, almost spiritual, connection. In its detailed approach, this thesis examines the environmental design theories of Christopher Day. Additionally, the architectural theories of Christopher Alexander in his work 'The Timeless Way of Building', as they appear and have been adapted in built projects, and in the promise they hold for future of hospitality design, are reviewed. Overall, this thesis investigates the potential of the built environments of an alternative tourism. Responding to the evolving definitions of personal luxury and motivations for travel, this thesis is inspired by the notion that people are affected physically, mentally, and spiritually by the built environment that surrounds them. In its conclusion, this thesis outlines potential guidelines for the future of hospitality design and the interpretation of place as fundamental to the integrity of a destination and infinitely rewarding for the visitors that go there.

No description available.

Typescript. / Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1985. / Bibliography: leaves 81-87. / Microfilm. / vii, 87 leaves, bound 29 cm