The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the use of green environments in dementia nursing-homes depending on the staff's educational level, the geographical position of nursing-homes and the time the elderly spend in green environments. This was a cross-sectional survey study with a total of 49 assistant nurses working in retirement homes for elderly with dementia in Gävleborg county, Sweden. The survey included a series of questions derived from four hypotheses:  There was predicted to be a difference in 1.     the nursing assistants use of green spaces for the health of residents depending on the nursing homes geographical position, 2.     the use of green spaces for the health of residents depending on the educational level of nursing assistants, 3.     the time the elderly residents spend in the green spaces depending on the nursing homes geographical position, and 4.     the time the elderly residents spend in the green spaces depending on the educational level of nursing assistants. The data was analysed using the analysis program IBM SPSS Statistics, version 27. The study findings suggests that there might be a relationship between nursing assistants use of green spaces to promote the health of elderly and geographical position of the nursing home. Further research is needed to determine which factors are at play regarding nursing assistants’ use of green spaces for residents of nursing homes. / Syftet med detta arbete var att undersöka relationen mellan användandet av gröna miljöer på demensboenden beroende på personalens utbildningsnivå, boendens geografiska position och tiden de äldre vistas i gröna miljöer. Detta var en tvärsnitts enkätundersökning med totalt 49 undersköterskor som arbetar på äldreboenden för äldre med demens i Region Gävleborg Sverige. Enkäten inkluderade en rad frågor formulerade utifrån fyra forskningshypoteser:  Det finns en skillnad i 1.     undersköterskors användning av gröna miljöer för de äldres hälsa beroende på äldreboendens geografiska position, 2.     användningen av gröna miljöer för de äldres hälsa beroende på undersköterskornas utbildningsnivå, 3.     tiden då de äldre vistas i gröna miljöer beroende på äldreboendens geografiska position, 4.     tiden då de äldre vistas i gröna miljöer beroende på undersköterskornas utbildningsnivå. Rådatat analyserades med hjälp av analysprogrammet IBM SPSS Statistics, version 27. Studiens resultat tyder på att det kan finnas en relation mellan undersköterskors användning av gröna miljöer för att främja de äldres hälsa och äldreboendens geografiska position. Ytterligare forskning behövs för att fastställa vilka faktorer som påverkar undersköterskors användning av gröna miljöer för äldres hälsa på äldreboenden.

[pt] Diversos estudos apontam o efeito do nível de escolaridade parental no desenvolvimento das funções cognitivas, em especial a linguagem e as funções executivas. Evidenciam a importância da interação entre o cuidador e a criança, a qualidade da estimulação e a promoção de experiências de desenvolvimento, propiciadas a criança, como fundamentais para o desenvolvimento das funções executivas. Há poucos estudos desse efeito no desenvolvimento de crianças brasileiras. O objetivo da dissertação foi investigar o efeito do nível de escolaridade dos pais, separadamente, no desempenho em tarefas de memória de longo prazo, memória de trabalho, controle inibitório e flexibilidade cognitiva de crianças e adolescentes com baixo nível socioeconômico na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Participaram do estudo 352 crianças entre 7 a 15 anos de escolas privadas com perfil de baixo nível socioeconômico na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Os instrumentos utilizados foram a Figura Complexa de Rey, a Aprendizagem auditivo verbal de Rey, o paradigma de Stroop e as tarefas de Fluência Verbal fonêmica e semântica. Os resultados mostraram efeitos para a escolaridade de ambos os pais. Resultados sistemáticos aconteceram na fluência verbal, na faixa de 9-10 anos. Não foram encontrados efeitos significativos em controle inibitório e memória de trabalho. O efeito da escolaridade parental apareceu de forma sistemática em funções executivas, mas não em outras funções, em uma amostra homogênea, o que levanta a ideia de que outros fatores como a renda e a cultura, se somam ao efeito ambiental no desenvolvimento cognitivo. / [en] Several studies demonstrated the effect of parents educational level in the development of cognitive functions, especially language and executive functions. Highlight the importance of interaction between the caregiver and the child, the quality of stimulation and promotion of development experiences afforded the child, as fundamental for the development of executive functions. There are few studies of this effect in the development of Brazilian children. The objective of the study is to analyze the effect of the education level of parents, separately, in the cognitive performance of long-term memory, working memory, inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility in children and adolescents living at Rio de Janeiro with low socioeconomic status. The study included 352 children between 7-15 years of private schools with low socioeconomic profile students of city of Rio de Janeiro. The instruments used were the Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure Test, the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, the Stroop test (Victoria Version) and Verbal Fluency phonemic and semantic. The results showed effects on education of both parents. Systematic results happened in verbal fluency, in the 9-10 year group. There were no significant effects on inhibitory control and working memory. The effect of parental education appeared systematically in executive functions, but not in other functions, raises the idea that other factors such as income and culture add to the environmental effect on cognitive development.

This thesis discusses how a variety of factors like socio-economic status and educational levels of family/parents affect Std 8 pupils' school performance in twelve selected secondary schools in Thohoyandou, Venda in the Northern Province. It further examines how parents motivate pupils to do well at school, and how the expectations of parents and other relatives as well as teachers as significant others contribute to the academic attainment of pupils.. It also focuses on the favourable conditions in the pupils' learning home environment such as availability of a private study-room, language used at home, adequacy of time for both relaxation and schoolwork, learning facilities, parental involvement and nutritional values that help in promoting and enhancing pupil school performance. Finally, the author provides some recommendations about how parents can actively involve themselves in their children's education. AFRIKAANS : Hierdie tesis bespreek die wyse waarop 'n aantal faktore, soos die sosioekonomiese status en die opvoedkundige peil van die familie/ouers, st. 8 leerlinge se skoolprestasies beinvloed in twaalf geselekteerde skole in Thohoyandou, Venda, in die Noordelike Provinsie. Dit ondersoek ook die wyse waarop ouers leerlinge motiveer om goed te doen op skoal, asook hoe dit wat betekenisvolle mense soos ouers, ooms, tantes en onderwysers van hulle verwag, bydra tot die bereik van die verlangde akademiese sukses van die leerlinge. Dit fokus ook op gunstige toestande in die leerling se tuisomgewing, byvoorbeeld die beskikbaarheid van 'n private studeerkamer, taalgebruik by die huis, genoeg tyd om te slaap en te eet, ontspanning en skoolwerk, leerfassiliteite, ouerlike betrokkenheid en die voedingsvlakke wat help om leerlinge se skoolprestasies aan te moedig en te verbeter. Ten laaste voorsien die outeur ook 'n paar voorstelle oor hoe ouers aktief betrokke kan raak by 'n leerling se opvoeding. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 1997. / Sociology / unrestricted

Measles is a highly contagious virus that can affect the entire population if an effective immunisation programme is not in place. This study was aimed at determining the measles immunisation coverage and the dropout rate among children aged between 6 months and 14 years and at assessing factors associated with caregivers’ knowledge and perception of, and attitude towards the measles immunisation programme. Between 14 May 2018 and 31 July 2018, a descriptive, cross-sectional study design was conducted using simple random sampling to sample 381 caregivers of children at nine public health facilities at Tshwane Sub-district 2, Hammanskraal town. Data were collected by means of a structured questionnaire and observational checklist, and analysed using IBM SPSS version 23.0. Overall, the measles immunization coverage was 95.8% (365/381) and the MCV1-MCV2 dropout rate was 4.1%. The association between educational level and employment status (correlation coefficient=0.157**, p=0.0002), measles knowledge (correlation coefficient=-0.244**, p=0.000), immunization importance (correlation coefficient=-0.194**, p=0.000) and measles vaccine schedule (correlation coefficient=-0.138**, p=0.007) were found to be significant at p<0.05. The findings in this study revealed that caregivers’ positive attitude towards, and knowledge of measles immunisation programme resulted in high measles immunisation coverage and low dropout rate. It is recommended that continuous positive immunisation education about the benefits and importance be emphasized in order to increase immunisation uptake. / Health Studies / M. P. H.