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Why people run for elective office? : Study of political motives among local elites in KebumenWidhianto, Agung January 2019 (has links)
Why do people run for elective office? Indeed, it is a central topic in political science that arguably is controversial to reveal, but always appealing since public authority remains in office. This study provides an explorative analysis to investigate local elites’ motives running for local parliament and village offices respectively in Kebumen, Indonesia. In examining individual’s motives, experiences and meanings of candidates are analysed using thematic analysis methods to capture emerging ideas of initial motives, enabling and constraining factors that affect the motives, and how both motives alter. The empirical findings of this study show that “people demand” and “community service” are both socially driven motives which act as a catalyst for the initial motives in candidacy process. In contrast, “monetary incentives” and “personal satisfaction” are both individually driven motives, which in turn replace the initial motives in response to high-cost political competition, that is so-called money politics. This study also captures the emergence of religious motive in the shifting process of the socially driven to the individually driven motives. Eventually, the study affirms that both motives, in combination, constitute a political motive as a desire of power to hold an elective office.
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Desynchronized pathways of contentious politics : The interplay between digital social movements and political parties on the digital electoral arenaÖstin, Emma January 2021 (has links)
This thesis explores the interplay between digital social movements and political parties on social media. The overarching aim of the thesis is to contribute to the understanding of how the digitalization of the electoral arena has transformed social movements, and how this affects the political parties' perceptions of them. The theoretical framework consists of three analytical lenses to conceptualize this interplay, these are George and Leidner’s (2019) categorization and classification of digital activism, Gunnar Sjöblom’s (1968) theory on partystrategies in a multiparty system, and Anne Kaun’s (2017) concept desynchronization. Acombination of methods is used, including network analysis and interviews, to explore this interplay. The results of the study indicate that there is a desynchronization in the practices of digital social movements and Swedish political parties.
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Emendas ao orçamento e conexão eleitoral na Câmara dos Deputados / Amendments on budget and electoral connection in brazilian chamber of deputiesMesquita, Lara 13 March 2009 (has links)
Esse trabalho aborda a questão da conexão eleitoral no Brasi l, sendo o objetivo principal a avaliação do impacto que a execução das emendas individuais que os deputados federais apresentam ao orçamento da União exercem sobre as suas chances de reeleição. As emendas são tradicionalmente associadas à manutenção de uma estrutura arcaica de relação entre políticos e eleitores, baseada em políticas distributivistas que buscariam levar benefícios concentrados à base eleitoral de cada deputado. Para essa pesquisa foram analisadas a execução das emendas individuais nas 50ª, 51ª e 52ª legislaturas, e o desempenho dos deputados que concorreram à reeleição nos pleitos subseqüentes, a saber, 1998, 2002 e 2006. O que o esforço analítico empreendido nesta dissertação indica é que não se pode afirmar que a execução das emendas individuais ao orçamento produza o retorno eleitoral apregoado. Mais do que isso, não foi possível identificar um padrão claro na alocação das mesmas , o que reforça a hipótese de que são múltiplas as estratégias para a alocação das emendas, e variam conforme a ambição de cada parlamentar. / This thesis considers the electoral connection in Brazil. Its main goal is to evaluate the impact of the individual budget amendments proposed by federal deputies on their chances of reelection. These amendments are traditionally associated to the maintenance of an archaic structure of relationship between politicians and their electorate, based on distributivist politics that seek to deliver concentrated benefits to the particular constituency of each deputy (pork barrel). This research analyzes the implementation of individual amendments during the 50ª, 51ª and 52ª legislatures, as well as the performance of the deputies that ran for the subsequent elections of 1998, 2002 and 2006. The conclusions of this thesis reveal that the implementation of individual budget amendments does not produce the expected positive electoral return. Moreover, the research did not identify any clear pattern for the allocation of the budget amendments, which strengthens the hypothesis that there are multiple strategies for the allocation of these amendments and that they vary according to the ambitions of each member of the parliament.
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Migração partidária na Câmara dos Deputados / Migration of party in the representatives houseFreitas, Andréa Marcondes de 05 February 2009 (has links)
Este trabalho procura analisar o fenômeno das trocas de legenda no Brasil, com um enfoque diferente do que tradicionalmente se aplica. Ao invés de buscar as ambições do migrante, procurei entender as trocas de legenda no agregado, buscando apreender como os atores coletivos, no caso os partidos políticos, utilizam as trocas de legenda para aumentar seu poder na arena parlamentar e na arena eleitoral. Não pretendo com isto afirmar que os parlamentares não busquem aumentar suas chances de sucesso quando trocam de partido, ao contrário, o que pretendo é mostrar que, se ocorre migração partidária, é porque os deputados percebem a importância dos partidos para seus objetivos. Mais do que isso, o que se pretende é mostrar que os partidos políticos não são vítimas de parlamentares ultra-individualistas, estes atuam no processo e estimulam a migração partidária na busca por aumentar seus recursos. E que aliciam parlamentares para aumentar seu acesso a cargos no legislativo e para aumentar seus votos em regiões onde não eram bem votados. / In this work we present an analysis of the party switching phenomenon in Brazil. We try to understand how political parties use the switching party strategy to increase their resources in both parliamentary and electoral arenas. The focus of this work is to explain the role played by the switching parties strategy in the aggregated level without, however, losing sight of the costs and benefits of each switch for individual representatives. It is not my intention to affirm that the parliamentarians do not look to increase his chances of success when they move from one party to another; what I intend to show is that, if party migration occurs, it is because deputies realize the importance of the parties to his own objectives. More than that, which is claimed, is to show that the political parties are not victims of ultra-individualist parliamentarian, they act in the process and stimulate the switching party to increasing his resources.
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Emendas ao orçamento e conexão eleitoral na Câmara dos Deputados / Amendments on budget and electoral connection in brazilian chamber of deputiesLara Mesquita 13 March 2009 (has links)
Esse trabalho aborda a questão da conexão eleitoral no Brasi l, sendo o objetivo principal a avaliação do impacto que a execução das emendas individuais que os deputados federais apresentam ao orçamento da União exercem sobre as suas chances de reeleição. As emendas são tradicionalmente associadas à manutenção de uma estrutura arcaica de relação entre políticos e eleitores, baseada em políticas distributivistas que buscariam levar benefícios concentrados à base eleitoral de cada deputado. Para essa pesquisa foram analisadas a execução das emendas individuais nas 50ª, 51ª e 52ª legislaturas, e o desempenho dos deputados que concorreram à reeleição nos pleitos subseqüentes, a saber, 1998, 2002 e 2006. O que o esforço analítico empreendido nesta dissertação indica é que não se pode afirmar que a execução das emendas individuais ao orçamento produza o retorno eleitoral apregoado. Mais do que isso, não foi possível identificar um padrão claro na alocação das mesmas , o que reforça a hipótese de que são múltiplas as estratégias para a alocação das emendas, e variam conforme a ambição de cada parlamentar. / This thesis considers the electoral connection in Brazil. Its main goal is to evaluate the impact of the individual budget amendments proposed by federal deputies on their chances of reelection. These amendments are traditionally associated to the maintenance of an archaic structure of relationship between politicians and their electorate, based on distributivist politics that seek to deliver concentrated benefits to the particular constituency of each deputy (pork barrel). This research analyzes the implementation of individual amendments during the 50ª, 51ª and 52ª legislatures, as well as the performance of the deputies that ran for the subsequent elections of 1998, 2002 and 2006. The conclusions of this thesis reveal that the implementation of individual budget amendments does not produce the expected positive electoral return. Moreover, the research did not identify any clear pattern for the allocation of the budget amendments, which strengthens the hypothesis that there are multiple strategies for the allocation of these amendments and that they vary according to the ambitions of each member of the parliament.
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Migração partidária na Câmara dos Deputados / Migration of party in the representatives houseAndréa Marcondes de Freitas 05 February 2009 (has links)
Este trabalho procura analisar o fenômeno das trocas de legenda no Brasil, com um enfoque diferente do que tradicionalmente se aplica. Ao invés de buscar as ambições do migrante, procurei entender as trocas de legenda no agregado, buscando apreender como os atores coletivos, no caso os partidos políticos, utilizam as trocas de legenda para aumentar seu poder na arena parlamentar e na arena eleitoral. Não pretendo com isto afirmar que os parlamentares não busquem aumentar suas chances de sucesso quando trocam de partido, ao contrário, o que pretendo é mostrar que, se ocorre migração partidária, é porque os deputados percebem a importância dos partidos para seus objetivos. Mais do que isso, o que se pretende é mostrar que os partidos políticos não são vítimas de parlamentares ultra-individualistas, estes atuam no processo e estimulam a migração partidária na busca por aumentar seus recursos. E que aliciam parlamentares para aumentar seu acesso a cargos no legislativo e para aumentar seus votos em regiões onde não eram bem votados. / In this work we present an analysis of the party switching phenomenon in Brazil. We try to understand how political parties use the switching party strategy to increase their resources in both parliamentary and electoral arenas. The focus of this work is to explain the role played by the switching parties strategy in the aggregated level without, however, losing sight of the costs and benefits of each switch for individual representatives. It is not my intention to affirm that the parliamentarians do not look to increase his chances of success when they move from one party to another; what I intend to show is that, if party migration occurs, it is because deputies realize the importance of the parties to his own objectives. More than that, which is claimed, is to show that the political parties are not victims of ultra-individualist parliamentarian, they act in the process and stimulate the switching party to increasing his resources.
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