The objective of this work was to assess the health risk of local muscular stress of the upper limbs associated with the operator's job at a workplace of a selected plant in the Olomouc administrative region and to propose adequate provisions. Three research questions were asked: (i) "Are the permitted levels, set as percent fractions of the maximum load, complied with in the operator's job?" (ii) "Are the hygiene limits regarding the numbers of movements complied with in the operator's job?" (iii) "Which preventive actions are suitable to counteract the risk of local muscular stress during machinery assembling work?" This research was conceived as qualitative investigation. The group examined comprised employees at the position of operator at a workplace of a selected plant in the Olomouc administrative region. The research work comprised data collection by using the method of direct, non-participating and overt observation, and study of professional literature, applicable legislation and test protocols and reports. I processed the results of measurement and compared them with the hygienic limits laid down by Government Decree No. 361/2007 Coll. (as amended). Based on the assessment of the data obtained, I classed the operator's job as Category 3 with respect to the local muscular stress factor examined, based on the criteria set by Regulation No. 432/2003 Coll. (as amended). Based on the risk assessment and categorization of labour I proposed appropriate preventive measures to mitigate the effect of local muscular stress during the operators' work. I set up a simple questionnaire asking for a subjective assessment of the locomotive system stress during work as a tool for a more comprehensive assessment of the operators' local muscular stress. Based on the research I formulated the following hypothesis: "In view of the increasing trend of incidence of occupational diseases of the limbs due to overload, and taking into account the appreciable social and economic impacts of such diseases, more attention should be devoted to a systematic search, assessment and evaluation of the local muscular stress factor risk during work."

Zur ergonomischen Analyse manueller Arbeitsprozesse wird an der Professur Arbeitswissenschaft ein Modell für dynamische Beanspruchungen entwickelt. Dazu wurden diese analytisch zerlegt und parametrisiert. In einem Laborversuchsstand werden elementare dynamische Beanspruchungen einzelner Körperteile systematisch mittels elektromyografischer Messung der beteiligten Muskeln untersucht und anschließend analysiert. Es konnten Zusammenhänge zwischen den Belastungsgrößen Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit, Bewegungswiderstand (Moment) und Bewegungsrichtung und der Beanspruchungsgröße der elektrischen Muskelaktivität gezeigt werden.

1 Abstract The purpose of this study was to describe the degree of bilateral asymmetry of lower limbs' muscle activity in the dance movement Cha-cha-cha and to determine the cause of bilateral asymmetries of lower limbs' muscle activity. Differences in muscle activity of contralateral lower limbs might be caused by the factor of bilaterally asymmetrical movement patterns, the factor of neural pathways or the factor of training. We hypotetize that comparing the direction of bilateral asymmetry in muscle activity between asymmetrical dance movement and its mirror alternative can determine the cause of bilateral asymmetry in muscle activity of lower limbs within the movement. We studied 14 volunteers (7 men, 7 women), all were actively dancing at competitive level. We tested the muscle activity of musculus vastus lateralis (VL), musculus biceps femoris (BF), musculus tibialis anterior (TA) a musculus gastrocnemius lateralis (GL) using surface electromyography. The dance movement Cha-cha-cha was bilaterally asymmetrical in the muscle activity of VL, TA and GL. Direction of lower limbs' muscle activity indicates, that TA, being a muscle responsible for foot movement, might be affected by the factor of neural pathways and brain laterality, while VL and GL might be more affected by the factor of training. Key...

Title: Analysis of upper limbs muscles involvement during playing the drums. Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to compile information about playing the drums and summerize the most frequent musculosceletal disorders of upper extremities of these musicians. The main aim is analyzing and comparing the involvement of muscles or muscles groups of the right upper limb while drumming. Methods: The theoretical part follows up the given issue as a research and theoretical overview of the current findings based on czech and foreign literature. The practical part is dedicated to evaluation of surface electromyography and 3D kinematics analyses of movements while drumming under specified conditions of one single proband. Results: Results of measurement demonstrate that m. biceps brachii is the most active muscle during playing on hi-hat, snare drum and floor tom with forte dynamics and m. extenzor carpi uln. is is the most muscle active during play with piano dynamics. Wrist flexors were the least active during all measurements. M. extenzor carpi rad. was measured too and its activity was on second place. A close relation between changes of muscles activity and changes of angles of the elbow and wrist have not been established in this study. This research was implemented only with one proband so the...

Title: Corrected arm hang as a compensatory element in physioterapy Objective: The main objective of this master thesis is to measure and compare the level of engagement of muscles stabilizing the scapula during arm hang and supported exercise. Methods: Our study included nine probands whose measurement results were evaluated quantitatively. The age of probands at the time of measurement was from 18 to 25 years. A condition for inclusion in the investigated group was absence of subjective symptoms, functional impairment, traumatic injury, orthopedic defects or diseases of the upper limb. All probands were active athletes. Biomonitor ME 6000 manufacturer Mega Electronics Ltd. was used for recording the electrical activity of the muscles. The obtained data were processed by the Megawin software. All measurements for the purposes of the study took place in the laboratory of biomechanics FTVS UK. The resulting data were compared intraindividual and interindividual. Results: The results demonstrated that middle and lower portions of m. Trapezius is more active in the corrected arm hang. In contrast, the supported exercise leads to greater activity of m. Serratus anterior and lower activity of upper portion of m. Trapezius. Keywords: arm hang, supported exercise, surface electromyography, stabilization...

Author: Bc. Veronika Szabóová Title: Comparative analysis of selected muscles activity during ropeclimbing, pull-up and its modifications. Objectives: The aim of the theoretical part of this thesis is to make a search of the available studies in the field of ropeclimbing and its training methods. The aim of this study is to evaluate the coordination of the selected muscles in terms of its timing during three specific training exercises compared to legless ropeclimbing. Methods: The theoretical part of the thesis was elaborated on the basis of information from printed and electronic sources in the Czech and English language in the form of a research. In the practical part of the thesis the activity of ten selected muscles during ropeclimbing, pull-up and its modifications was monitored. The main research method was the surface electromyography. The representative sample of 11 participants examined in the study was properly chosen from active competitors in ropeclimbing. The study evaluates the order of muscle activation compared to the legless ropeclimbing as the reference movement. The treshold method was used for detection of the muscle activity. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the relationship between the variables and for statistical testing. Results: In terms of timing...

Bibliographical record: KUDLÁČEK, Jiří. EMG study: Nordic hamstring exercises vs. isometric training. Prague: Charles Univerzity, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, 2020, 79p. Supervisor MUDr. Kryštof Slabý. Abstract This thesis is an EMG study, which examines an electric activity of knee flexors and m. quadriceps femoris during 3 types of exercises: Nordic hamstring exercise, single leg sliding leg curl, and isometric contraction. The theoretical part summarizes anatomy, physiology, and kinesiology of the musculoskeletal system, as well as the principle of surface EMG. In the experimental part, the EMG study was conducted on 20 healthy individuals aged 20 to 30 years-old. Each patient underwent an applied kinesiology procedure and subsequently went through an 16 channel surface EMG technique. The aim of this work is to compare the maximal and average value of the EMG amplitude of particular muscles during each exercise. While providing Nordic hamstring exercise and single leg slide, the light was shed on a question of whether there is a statistically significant difference between activation of m. biceps femoris and m. semitendinosus in terms of EMG values. The following phase of the thesis scrutinized the timing of hamstring muscles during Nordic hamstring...

Title: Spectral Analysis of Electromyography Data of Power Lifters Objectives: The aim of this thesis is a description of muscle activity and its measu- rement using electromyography (EMG), description of parameters of EMG signal and their relationship to neuromuscular physiology. The aim of the practical part is an implementation of spectral analysis of EMG data of power lifters when performing 4 series of 5 split-squats carrying loading in one hand. Methods: The spectral analysis of EMG data of 35 athletes is presented. The athletes performed 4 series of 5 split-squats with one sided loading. The loading was 25% and 50% of their body mass and the carrying position was homolateral and contralateral to stance leg. Muscles chosen for measurement were vastus medialis obliquus, vastus lateralis obliquus, gluteus medius and biceps femoris of both sides. The implementation of digital signal proces- sing algorithm was done using Matlab and its Signal Processing Toolbox. The spectral analysis was implemented using discrete Fourier transform with sliding 256-sample window size and 32-sample window increment. The resulting spectrogram was divided into parts based on smoothed EMG. Median frequency for each split-squat was calculated. For the statistical processing we used median frequency differencies...

Arbeitswissenschaftliche digitale Menschmodelle werden als Werkzeuge virtueller Ergonomie zur Gestaltung menschengerechter Produkte und Arbeitsplätze genutzt. Der bislang nur qualitativ beschriebene Praxiseinsatz wird durch theoretische Analysen und eine empirische Studie systematisiert und darauf aufbauend werden die Schwachstellen der Systeme erörtert. Ein wesentlicher Ansatzpunkt für Weiterentwicklungen ist die Erarbeitung ergonomischer Bewertungsverfahren bzw. -modelle, insbesondere für Belastungen aufgrund von Bewegungen. Digitale Menschmodelle bieten das Potenzial, aus simulierten Bewegungsdaten und den damit zusammenhängenden Belastungen eine Bewertung der Arbeitsvorgänge zu generieren. In dieser Arbeit wird daher ein neues arbeitswissenschaftliches Bewertungsmodell für muskuläre Beanspruchungen erforscht, d.h. methodisch hergeleitet und evaluiert. Dazu ist ein Versuchsstand zur Standardisierung und Belastungserzeugung notwendig. In der darauffolgenden Laborstudie werden die Belastungsparameter statischer Momentanteil, Winkelgeschwindigkeit und Momentrichtung variiert und die daraus entstehende Veränderung der muskulären Beanspruchung von Probanden erforscht. Ein dafür benötigtes, neues Verfahren zur Normalisierung wird vorgestellt. Die Laborstudie zeigt, dass der statische Momentanteil linear steigend mit der Arbeitsbeanspruchung zusammenhängt. Die durchschnittliche Winkelgeschwindigkeit beeinflusst die Arbeitsbeanspruchung je nach Muskeltyp entweder linear steigend oder ohne Zusammenhang. / Digital human models for human factors are used as tools for virtual ergonomics and the design of products and workplaces. In this work the use of the systems is analysed with theoretical models and an empirical study. Therefore, disadvantages of the systems are identified. A main idea for further developments is the research on ergonomic approaches and models, especially for movements and the strain caused by movements. Digital human models are capable to assess work processes based on data from simulations. In this work a new human factors orientated rating model for muscular strains is developed and evaluated. A test stand generates and standardizes the stress. In a laboratory survey the stress parameters are analysed. The variation of the static torque part, the angular velocity and the torque direction cause changes in the muscular strains. Hence, these muscular strains are measured electromyographically. A new normalisation method, the normalized standard movement, is introduced. The survey shows the existence of a correlation of static torque part and work strain. Depending on the muscle type, the angular velocity either affects the work strain linear increasing or does not affect it.

Title: The reflection kinesiology analyse of cross country skiing Purposes: To compare coordination of chosen muscles on leg during reflection of cross country skiing classic technique, skating and herringbone. Methods: Comparative analysis: the dates were measured by surface electromyography and 2-D video-analysis. Results: We founded statistical significance by comparisons muscle activation on right leg during kick during cross country skiing: classic technique, diagonal stride and herringbone and V-1 skating and herringbone. In case the left leg the statistical significance was disprove by: m. peroneus longus sin during comparison of diagonal stride and herringbone and m. gastrocnemius medialis sin V-1 skating and herringbone. We founded high level of laterality of diagonal stride and herringbone. In case V-1 skating, the significant similarity was not founded for m. vastus lateralis and m. gluteus medialis. Key words: Cross country skiing, classical technique, skating, herring bone, kinesiology, surface electromyography (EMG), muscles activation