Orientador: Carlos Alberto Lobão da Silveira Cunha / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T09:26:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lima_GabrielaReginaCaldeiraPereira_M.pdf: 8623008 bytes, checksum: 3de8f657205bd8a7f633717e8a5dc99a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Apresenta-se aqui análise qualitativa de uma coleção de livros didáticos de Geografia do Ensino Fundamental. Investigou-se a coleção Geografia de Sonia Castellar e Valter Maestro composta de quatro volumes - um para cada série do Ensino Fundamental (ciclos III e IV). Assim, deu-se continuidade a projeto específico, o Projeto Cartografia no Ensino Fundamental/2005 (PROCAREF/05), a fim de verificar a importância dos mapas nos livros didáticos de Geografia para a aprendizagem do conhecimento geográfico; a coerência do trabalho realizado com os mapas ao longo da coleção com a proposta do autor e a contribuição dos livros didáticos para a formação dos alunos leitores críticos de mapas. O principal instrumento de coleta de dados foi uma ficha de análise elaborada a partir dos referenciais teóricos. Nessa ficha anotaram-se as quantidades de fotos, figuras, mapas e gráficos presentes em cada capítulo. No caso dos mapas investigou-se o seu tema; os elementos de identificação (título, escala, fonte, legenda, orientação) presentes ou ausentes; a função do mapa ¿ se temático ou de localização; as variáveis de retina utilizadas (cor, forma, valor, granulação, tamanho, orientação) bem como o modo de implantação ¿ se pontual, zonal ou linear; e o nível de organização ¿ se quantitativo, seletivo ou ordenado. Os resultados da investigação permitiram concluir que a coleção apresenta coerência entre o trabalho proposto e o realizado e que ela pode contribuir para a formação de alunos leitores críticos, sendo que o papel do professor é essencial para que tal fato se efetive pois, em muitos momentos, cabe ao aluno apenas desempenhar o papel de observador passivo da imagem presente, sem muitas vezes compreendê-la e conseguir avançar na construção do conhecimento geográfico. Caberá então ao professor auxiliar o aluno nesse processo de formação, sanando as deficiências dos livros didáticos utilizados (como mapas sem título, legenda, escala ou a forma de representação escolhida contra indicada para aquele tema etc.) / Abstract: A qualitative analyze of a Geography Didactic Book Collection for Elementary School is presented here. Sonia Castellar and Valter Maestro¿s Geography Book Collection, composed by four volumes ¿ one for each elementary school year (K10-K14) were inquired. Thus, was given continuance to a specific project, The Cartography in the Elementary School Project/2005 (PROCAREF/05), in order to verify relevance of maps in geography didactic books for the learning of geographic knowledge; the cohesion between the work developed with the maps content of the book collection and the author¿s proposal, and the didactic book¿s contribution for the formation of maps critical reader students. The main way to collect data was built from theoretic references. This main instrument considered several criteria: number of photographs, pictures, maps, images, and graphics existent in each chapter. For the maps, it was inquired: its theme; identification elements (title, scale, reference, legend, orientation) either presents or not; function ¿ thematic or locational; its retina¿s variations (color, form, value, granulation, size, orientation), as well as its implementation ¿ if it is punctual, zonal or linear; and organizational level ¿ if it is quantitative, selective or instructed. The research results enables to conclude the existence of cohesion between the author¿s proposal and the book collection written, and its possibility to contribute for the critical reader students¿ formation. The teacher¿s role is essential for this, since in some cases the student must act only as the image¿s passive observer, without comprehension to enhance geographic knowledge acquisition. The teacher must then, supervise the student in this acquisition process, and make amends for deficiencies existent in the chosen didactic book (as maps without title, legend, scale, or a representative form contrary to the theme etc) / Mestrado / Mestre em Ensino e Historia de Ciencias da Terra

The purpose of this 1-year case study was to understand how 5 elementary school teachers in an inner-city school foster social inclusion. Through classroom observations and interviews, the study examined the variations of classroom practices the teachers used to create inclusive environments, the challenges they faced in the process, and the strategies they developed to address these challenges. How their work in the classroom interacted with the school's organizational structures was also explored. Three concepts frame the study: a broad conception of social inclusion that addresses multiple aims for creating an environment of belonging and takes students of all social identities into account; a detailed conception of the practice of social inclusion from a range of theoretical perspectives and teachers' experiences; and a situated conception of context that interrelates the classroom with the school and the community. Three dimensions of pedagogy—content-based practices, relations, and structures—are used to identify and compare principles of inclusive practice. The study portrays the interactions of daily classroom life through cross-case analysis and reveals the complex decision-making processes that teachers use to foster social inclusion. This study builds on growing scholarship in the field of social inclusion in education (Ainscow et al., 2006; Dei, 1996a; Kosnik & Beck, 2009; Kumashiro, 2002; Topping & Maloney, 2005) and on the increased interest in inclusive pedagogical practices. The in-depth portraits of the teachers’ classroom practices are compared to literature in 4 areas: citizen-based pedagogy, culture-based pedagogy, race-based pedagogy, and anti-oppression pedagogy. The teachers’ practices are analyzed in relation to 2 principles of social inclusion: connecting content to students’ lives and creating mutually supportive social spaces. The study revealed that the participants' practices were mainly associated with pedagogies based on citizenship and culture, with some connections to race-based and anti-oppression pedagogies. What differentiates this study from most other studies in this area is its detailed attention to the dynamic complexity of applying principles of social inclusion to practice. The portraits offer insights into inclusive work in classrooms that will benefit teachers, teacher educators, and researchers interested in expanding the field of social inclusion in education.

The purpose of this 1-year case study was to understand how 5 elementary school teachers in an inner-city school foster social inclusion. Through classroom observations and interviews, the study examined the variations of classroom practices the teachers used to create inclusive environments, the challenges they faced in the process, and the strategies they developed to address these challenges. How their work in the classroom interacted with the school's organizational structures was also explored. Three concepts frame the study: a broad conception of social inclusion that addresses multiple aims for creating an environment of belonging and takes students of all social identities into account; a detailed conception of the practice of social inclusion from a range of theoretical perspectives and teachers' experiences; and a situated conception of context that interrelates the classroom with the school and the community. Three dimensions of pedagogy—content-based practices, relations, and structures—are used to identify and compare principles of inclusive practice. The study portrays the interactions of daily classroom life through cross-case analysis and reveals the complex decision-making processes that teachers use to foster social inclusion. This study builds on growing scholarship in the field of social inclusion in education (Ainscow et al., 2006; Dei, 1996a; Kosnik & Beck, 2009; Kumashiro, 2002; Topping & Maloney, 2005) and on the increased interest in inclusive pedagogical practices. The in-depth portraits of the teachers’ classroom practices are compared to literature in 4 areas: citizen-based pedagogy, culture-based pedagogy, race-based pedagogy, and anti-oppression pedagogy. The teachers’ practices are analyzed in relation to 2 principles of social inclusion: connecting content to students’ lives and creating mutually supportive social spaces. The study revealed that the participants' practices were mainly associated with pedagogies based on citizenship and culture, with some connections to race-based and anti-oppression pedagogies. What differentiates this study from most other studies in this area is its detailed attention to the dynamic complexity of applying principles of social inclusion to practice. The portraits offer insights into inclusive work in classrooms that will benefit teachers, teacher educators, and researchers interested in expanding the field of social inclusion in education.

This dissertation (by publication) is concerned with the introduction of the haiku form of poetry to elementary schooling. Four publications examine a variety of phenomena regarding learning and becoming with haiku practice from multiple angles, drawing on various analytical methods from discourse analysis to conversational analysis, and beyond (towards transaction analysis). The first study examines the discourses of haiku and mindfulness through texts available online and articulates the potential integration of teaching these two practices in education. The second takes a more critical look at the teaching and learning haiku materials to understand the discursive resources of doing haiku. The third study moves to understanding the nature of learning to read haiku by looking at communication between teachers, students, and researchers in a haiku reading event. The fourth study examines emptiness embodied in the practice of writing haiku through examples of Basho’s life and poetry and articulates my personal experience as a teacher of reading and writing haiku. The research and understanding involved in these papers and this dissertation have been for me a journey, which I present here as a haibun. Haibun is a term first used by the Japanese haiku poet, Matsuo Basho, to refer to a poetic literary form combining prose and haiku and which recounts the various journeys of a haiku practitioner. As the title, A Haibun of Learning and Becoming with Haiku Practice, indicates, the following text describes a journey of learning and becoming with haiku practice, holding together and surrounding the four studies as a necklace holds precious stones. This dissertation links these four studies through a narrative of the flux of my research journey with haiku practice from text to life. Drawing on transactional perspectives underlining all four studies, I propose an alternative way of theorizing and understanding the experience of learning and becoming with the practice of haiku as event. The four studies function as four main events (steps) on my research trail and the dissertation presents itself as a lively story in a continuous conversation about researching, teaching, and learning with haiku practice. Finally, and as a last step recorded here, but far from a final step, I offer a haiga (haiku painting) and some haiku lyrics (songs I sing and poems I have written) as an invitation to look back along the path we have walked together to celebrate, and to continue our walk towards a spring of new beginnings in research and haiku reading and writing. / Graduate

About 20 percent of school-aged children, 18 years and younger, struggle with mental health issues in America today. Mental health issues lead to greater rates of suicide, depression, loneliness, anxiety, and bullying that takes place in and out of schools. This exploratory multiple case study looks at how 10 fourth graders, five male and five female, use a weekly entry in a dialogue journal letter to their teacher to share their emotional lives. I explore how a dialogue journal can open up a space between students and teachers for emotional aspects of life and learning to be included in schools. This study specifically explores what children say about their lives and feelings in a dialogue journal across a period of a school year. I also inquire into changes in a period of crisis teaching when a worldwide pandemic closes down school and children are forced into distance learning in their homes. We find that 1) students can share feelings, ideas and parts of themselves with me in a dialogue journal that they don't share in class, 2) the journal provides a space for them to elaborate upon and become more aware of their feelings, 3) students seek to have a personal connection with their teacher, 4) students have comments and feedback about what is happening in the classroom, and 5) the student's entries affected my immediate practices as a teacher and added insights and ideas for future practices on how I could have been even more supportive to the students.

About 20 percent of school-aged children, 18 years and younger, struggle with mental health issues in America today. Mental health issues lead to greater rates of suicide, depression, loneliness, anxiety, and bullying that takes place in and out of schools. This exploratory multiple case study looks at how 10 fourth graders, five male and five female, use a weekly entry in a dialogue journal letter to their teacher to share their emotional lives. I explore how a dialogue journal can open up a space between students and teachers for emotional aspects of life and learning to be included in schools. This study specifically explores what children say about their lives and feelings in a dialogue journal across a period of a school year. I also inquire into changes in a period of crisis teaching when a worldwide pandemic closes down school and children are forced into distance learning in their homes. We find that 1) students can share feelings, ideas and parts of themselves with me in a dialogue journal that they don't share in class, 2) the journal provides a space for them to elaborate upon and become more aware of their feelings, 3) students seek to have a personal connection with their teacher, 4) students have comments and feedback about what is happening in the classroom, and 5) the student's entries affected my immediate practices as a teacher and added insights and ideas for future practices on how I could have been even more supportive to the students.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T14:30:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIA ODETE VIEIRA TENREIRO.pdf: 1684015 bytes, checksum: fc8d4d8ff33da890dd2c49c5add4989c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work is dedicated to uncovering the impact of the educational policy of expansion of elementary schooling in the city of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil. The survey was conducted in 2009 in eight city schools. The chosen methodology was qualitative in approach and in terms of data organization we were inspired by the methodological procedure of Collective Subject Discourse (CSD), which made it possible to gather together individual thoughts of a similar nature into collective thought. In terms of data collection, semi-structured interviews were conducted in each of the selected schools with the school director, school manager and two classroom teachers who worked in the first year, totalling 30 individuals. The aims of this study are: to discuss the referrals that the Ponta Grossa Department of Education defined to organize the times and teaching spaces for the first year of elementary school (nine year-old students); and to understand the impact on elementary schooling of the policy of inclusion for six year-old children in public municipal schools. Chapter 1 outlines the existing work found on the subject that is recorded in the CAPES (Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel) database as well as pointing out the relevance of this research. Chapter 2 gives a brief history of the 1934 Constitution until the Constitutional Amendment 059/2009. Chapter 3 discusses the foundations of theoretical and methodological research, the paths followed in the search for empirical data, and the personal characteristics and professional training of those participating in the survey. Chapter 4 contains the core of the study and therefore includes the voices of the participants and an analysis of their discourses drawn from a reading of the didactic material. This provides not only the voices of the participants but also an interpretation of their discourses. Finally, the research shows that including children in school at the age of nine requires a political, administrative and pedagogical approach and the absence of these three factors makes it difficult to establish a policy. By ensuring that all children from the age of six have access to compulsory education is undoubtedly an opportunity to safeguard a right of citizenship. The survey also shows that the cut-off age for enrollment of children in the first year of elementary school inhibits the possibility of some children entering school. Among other results, we highlight: the need for a better physical structure to receive the children; pedagogical clarity regarding the work in year 1, the interplay between issues of early childhood education and elementary schooling; investment in training for teachers and all who work in schools, and fewer children in classrooms / O trabalho está voltado para desvelar os impactos pedagógicos da política de ampliação do Ensino Fundamental no município de Ponta Grossa Paraná. A pesquisa foi realizada no ano de 2009, em oito escolas municipais. A opção metodológica foi a da abordagem qualitativa, e para a organização dos dados, inspiramo-nos no procedimento metodológico do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC), que possibilitou reunir os pensamentos individuais semelhantes em um pensamento coletivo. Para a coleta dos dados, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com a diretora da escola, pedagoga e duas professoras que atuavam em cada uma das escolas na turma do 1º ano, totalizando 30 sujeitos. O trabalho teve como objetivos: discutir os encaminhamentos que a Secretaria Municipal de Educação da cidade de Ponta Grossa definiu para organizar os tempos e espaços pedagógicos do 1º ano do Ensino Fundamental de nove anos e compreender os impactos no Ensino Fundamental da política de inclusão das crianças de seis anos nas escolas da rede pública municipal de ensino. No primeiro capítulo, estão explicitados os trabalhos encontrados sobre a temática, que estavam registrados no banco de dados da CAPES, além de apontar a relevância da presente pesquisa. O segundo capítulo traça uma trajetória histórica da Constituição de 1934 até a Emenda Constitucional 059/2009. Os fundamentos teóricos e metodológicos da pesquisa, os caminhos trilhados para a busca dos dados empíricos, quem foram os sujeitos bem como suas características pessoais, profissionais e de formação estão organizados no terceiro capítulo. O quarto capítulo constitui-se como o âmago do estudo, contempla os discursos dos sujeitos, elaborados a partir dos eixos de análise construídos com base na leitura do material empírico. Neles estão contidas as vozes dos sujeitos, bem como a interpretação desses discursos. Por fim, a pesquisa revela que incluir as crianças na escola de nove anos exige um tratamento político, administrativo e pedagógico e que, na ausência desses três fatores, é difícil implantar uma política. Garantir a todas as crianças de seis anos o acesso à educação obrigatória é, sem dúvida, a oportunidade de resgatar um direito de cidadania. A pesquisa também evidenciou que o corte etário para a matrícula da criança no primeiro ano do Ensino Fundamental inibe a possibilidade de ingresso da criança na escola. Entre outros resultados, destacam-se: a necessidade de melhor adequação na estrutura física para receber as crianças; clareza pedagógica para o trabalho no 1º ano; entrosamento entre as questões da Educação Infantil e do Ensino Fundamental; investimentos pontual na formação dos professores e de todos os que trabalham na escola, além de menor número de crianças nas salas de aula