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Emotional intelligence (EI) encompasses abilities (ability EI; AEI) and self-perceptions (trait EI; TEI) related to the expression, understanding, and management of emotions. Research on its developmental dynamics remains heavily weighted by the AEI perspective, whereas TEI has received virtually no attention in the developmental literature. This is a major oversight, as the two EI components are conceptually distinct and contribute independently to the prediction of important outcomes. Using multi-wave data from the Canadian National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, this project examined rank-order stability (Study 1) and mean-level change (Study 2) in TEI over a 6-year period from late childhood (age 10-11) to adolescence (age 16-17). Longitudinal measurement invariance of the TEI assessment was also tested (Study 1). Longitudinal mean and covariance structures models (Study 1) and latent growth curve models (Study 2) were fitted to the data from 773 children (51% girls) who completed the Emotional Quotient Inventory–Youth Version Brief form at four biannual waves. Principles from the self-concept literature were used to outline an integrative theoretical framework within which the developmental dynamics of TEI could be studied and understood. Study 1 found that three of the four TEI domains could be measured consistently and reliably over time, and that individual differences in these domains became progressively more stable with age. Contrary to the maturity principle guiding the development of AEI, Study 2 found that mean-level changes in TEI followed a curvilinear trajectory characterizing the development of self-concepts: EI self-perceptions declined between late childhood and early adolescence and then increased later in adolescence. These findings provide, for the first time, important validity evidence for the TEI construct as developmentally distinct from AEI and developmentally similar to self-concept. From an applied standpoint, this implies that enhancing EI abilities alone may not necessarily result in concomitant increases in EI self-concepts, and vice versa. Instead, both AEI and TEI may need to be targeted to maximize the effectiveness of intervention efforts. From a theoretical standpoint, the conceptual link between TEI and self-concept theories suggests that other properties of self-concepts might also generalize to TEI – an important avenue for future research. / Thesis (Ph.D, Psychology) -- Queen's University, 2013-01-29 17:40:30.322

Aktualumas. Didėjant konkurencijos lygiui, informacijos srautui bei pirkėjų išrankumui, parduodančios produktą įmonės privalo taikyti įvairias rėmimo priemones, rasti naujų būdų, kaip efektyviai komunikuoti su klientais. Įmonės stengiasi įsitvirtinti vartotojo sąmonėje taip, kad produkto substitutai būtų tiesiog ignoruojami. Esant dabartinėms rinkos sąlygoms, daugumos prekių pasiūla viršija paklausą. Gamintojai siekdami parduoti pagamintą prekę ar teikiamą paslaugą, turi kovoti už kiekvieno pirkėjo pasirinkimą, įtikinti jį įsigyti produktą. Vartotojui atskirti produktus padeda prekių ženklai. Jie sukuria pridėtinę vertę produktui. Stiprus prekės ženklas turi stiprų emocinį ryšį su vartotoju. Šiame darbe bus nagrinėjama, kuo turi pasižymėti komunikacija su klientu, jog ji efektyviai veiktų jo emocijas. Problemos ištyrimo lygis. Emocinė prekės ženklo dimensija marketinge tiriama dar tik kelerius metus. Emocinė prekės ženklo dimensija elektroninėje erdvėje yra dar mažai ištirta sritis, tačiau sparčiai tobulėjanti kartu su elektroniniais prekių ženklais elektroninėje erdvėje. Darbo nagrinėjama problema. Esama nemažai literatūros, apie emocinį prekės ženklą. Taip pat yra rašoma apie elektroninį prekės ženklą. Tačiau literatūros apjungiančios šias dvi marketingo sritis rasti nepavyko. Elektroninė rinka turi labai didelį potencialą ir yra nuolat auganti, todėl yra reikalinga suprasti, kaip turi būti kuriama emociškai stipri prekės ženklo komunikacija elektroninėje erdvėje. Darbą... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Today‘s market is saturated and there is so much information about various products, that consumers do not react to it anymore. One of the way to reach and at the same time to affect consumer‘s mind is emotional branding. This field of marketing exists just for a few years, but now it is used by almost all well known brands. Internet is getting in to every field of life, commerce is one of them. There are some information about marketing on the internet, and some information about e-brands. Emotional branding on the internet is a new topic and there is not much information about it. This is the reason, why it was decided to choose „Emotional Branding Dimension in Electronic environment“ as a topic. Object of this work - Emotional branding dimension Goal of this work is to find out, how company could use emotional branding dimension in electronic environment to communicate with her customers. Theoretical model was created. To prove this model‘s validity there was created e-brand, e-shop, and blog. To improve this e-brand ware used other methods of research: 3 experiments, 2 surreys, 2 content analysis, 1 interview with experts. At the end of this paper theoretical model was improved. During research it was understood, that intercourse between company and consumer are not just a part of theoretical model, they exist in every part of it, where consumer gets and use information. Through emotional dimension company is affected by communication with consumers and finally by... [to full text]

In this paper, a view of non-compliance in practical healthcare is provided that identifies certain non-compliant behaviours as rational. This view of rational non-compliance is used to update a current form of doctor patient relationships with the aim of reducing non-compliance. In addition to reforming one standard doctor patient relationship model, the normative implications of understanding non-compliance as a rational form of human behaviour are described.

Eating disorders can be viewed on a continuum, with disordered eating not reaching clinical diagnostic criteria but having potentially negative effects including increasing the risk of an eating disorder or obesity. This study investigated disordered eating in relation to emotional processing from an Acceptance and Commitment (ACT) perspective. Body image dissatisfaction is recognised as a risk factor in eating disorders and was therefore included in this study to investigate whether the ACT concept of inflexibility was associated with ‘less acceptance’ of body image and an increased eating disorder risk as well as general mood disturbance (i.e. depression and anxiety). A non-clinical sample of 96, 12-15 year old females at secondary schools in London was used. Eating disorder risk, inflexibility as well as depression and anxiety were measured. When comparing high, low and moderate eating disorder risk groups it was found that the low and moderate eating disorder risk groups had lower levels of inflexibility and the low eating disorder risk group had a higher body image acceptance than the moderate and the high risk groups as predicted. Inflexibility was also associated with higher rates of anxiety and depression and a negative association was found between depression and anxiety in relation to acceptance of body image. Thus providing supporting evidence for the transdiagnostic significance of ‘inflexibility’. Clinical implications of these findings in relation to prevention and treatment are discussed.

The need for greater understanding of international leadership models has escalated in tandem with the globalization of trade and commerce. This dissertation presents the comparative-cultural study undertaken to address these two critical issues; employing the Russian Federation as the cultural context for the investigation. Cross-cultural research highlights a deficit of up-to-date comparative data on Russian organizational leadership, whilst practitioners articulate the demand for Russia-appropriate leadership development expertise. Increasingly, scholars advocate the application of integrated theories for assessing organizational leadership; contributing to several scholars updating trait theory into competency terms (including emotional competencies). Recent studies in the UK have established linkages amongst the competencies required for effective leadership, executives' emotional competencies, and the demonstrated leadership styles of managers. This research extends these UK findings, investigating the possible relationship between the leadership competencies, Emotional Intelligence (EI), and leadership styles of Russian managers working within domestic and foreign MNCs. The researcher employed the Leadership Dimensions Questionnaire (LDQ) as the standardized measurement instrument for conducting this "etic" (comparative) study. The LDQ assesses managers based on 15 dimensions, representing cognitive (IQ), Emotional Intelligence (EQ), and managerial competencies (MQ); generating a leadership style "profile" based on the respondent's scores. A combination of online and paper-based self-report versions of the LDQ (recently validated and utilized in several key UK studies) facilitated the data collection from the participating Russian managers (n = 152), over a 12- month period. Major findings of this research include: the identification of a clear leadership style preference by the Russian manager-sample ("participative"); statistically significant differences between the Russian and UK samples - on 14 of the 15 dimensions; distinctive differences in the competencies required for senior versus junior managers; "communication" was predictive of Russian leader performance, whilst follower commitment was predicted by leaders' levels of "sensitivity" and "communication". Contributions of this research to theory include: the identification of an up-to-date leadership profile of Russian managers, in competency terms, which can be compared with other cultures; a comparative cultural assessment of Russian managers' based on EI; a comparison of Russian managers at different levels of large companies, with special attention to their similarities and differences. Implications of this research for practitioners include: the ability for organizations operating in Russia to identify/develop leaders based on their personal leadership profiles (executive training and development), as assessed by the LDQ; the potential for identifying and fostering competencies required of managers at higher levels within the organization (promotion; as roles and responsibilities differ at various levels within an organization); the opportunity for matching appropriate leadership styles to conform with organizational strategies and the surrounding business environment (strategic leadership style/context fit).

Objectives: To determine if emotion regulation mediates the link between emotional maltreatment and disordered eating behaviour in a community sample of adolescents. Design and method: Participants were 222 secondary school pupils (aged 14-18 years) from a state high school in a rural area in Scotland. Standardised questionnaire measures were used to gather data on history of emotional abuse and neglect using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), emotion regulation strategies using the Regulation of Emotions Questionnaire (REQ) and subclinical disordered eating behaviour using the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ). Pearson correlation and multiple mediation analyses were conducted to determine significant relationships and to identify whether dysfunctional emotion regulation was a mediator of the relationship between emotional maltreatment and disordered eating behaviour. Results: Multiple mediation analyses found both emotional abuse and emotional neglect to have a significant direct relationship with EAT-26 total score and DEBQ restraint scores - mediated by internal dysfunctional emotion regulation (with external dysfunctional emotion regulation also being a significant mediator in the analysis with emotional neglect and EAT-26 total). The direct relationship between emotional abuse/neglect and DEBQ emotional eating scores was non-significant, although a specific indirect effect through internal dysfunctional emotion regulation was observed. Conclusions: To the best of the author‟s knowledge, this is the first study which has looked at history of emotional maltreatment and disordered eating behaviour focussing on the influence of emotion regulation in particular. Results were indicative of significant indirect effects between emotional abuse and neglect and all measures of disordered eating through internal dysfunctional emotion regulation. Findings suggest the role of emotion regulation warrants further study in the research on childhood maltreatment and disordered eating behaviour.

In recent decades, there has been renewed interest in examining the effectiveness of teacher preparation programs. Unfortunately, researchers have found that there is limited empirical research on the effectiveness of quality special education teacher preparation programs, specifically those programs specializing in the education of students with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD). The Council for Exceptional Children (CEC), the largest special education organization, conducts research on the standards needed by teachers who serve children and youth with exceptionalities. These CEC standards are recommended to serve as a guide for teacher preparation programs in special education. Utilizing the CEC standards delineated for preparation programs in EBD, the present study sought to determine how graduates of one program perceived the importance of the standards and their perceived proficiency in using the standards in their work with students with EBD. Results indicated that graduates viewed the standards as Important to their work with students with EBD. Further, they viewed their proficiency in using the standards to be above average. In addition, the present study examined the relationship between graduates perceived importance and perceived proficiency in using the CEC standards. Results indicated that graduates who had higher score ratings on their perceived importance of the standards tended to have higher ratings on their perceived proficiency scores.

Victims and witnesses that testify before an international criminal tribunal such as the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) willingly subject themselves to scrutiny and bare their wounds before the world. Does this experience cause these vulnerable individuals undue psychological harm, re-traumatization, or worse? Existing literature indicates this may be the case, however using a new dataset I find the opposite to be true. Witnesses at the ICTY report feeling more positive than negative after their experiences on the stand. As the first systematic study on witness mental wellbeing, these findings contradict expectations found in previous research.