The following study examined the effects of ethnic harassment and bully victimization on immigrant youths’ adjustment over the course of one year. Adjustment outcomes included depression, poor self-esteem, and self-harm. We asked: (1) Is bully victimization a risk for immigrant youths’ adjustment? and (2) Is ethnic harassment a risk for immigrant youths’ adjustment over and beyond bully victimization? Participants included 252 first and second-generation immigrant youths (52% female, 46% born abroad, M= 14.98 years) from seven schools in a mid-sized Swedish city. Multiple hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to test whether bully victimization and ethnic harassment predicted adjustment outcomes one year later and changes in these outcomes over the course of one year. A factor analysis revealed that bully victimization and ethnic harassment were separate constructs. Bully victimization predicted depression and poor self-esteem scores as well as increases in depression over the course of one year.  Ethnic harassment predicted depression, poor self-esteem, and self-harm scores as well as increases in these three outcomes over the course of one year. Results suggest that ethnic harassment poses an added risk to the adjustment of immigrant youth over and above bully victimization.  Findings underline the importance of assessing ethnic harassment when conducting research in ethnically diverse settings.

The present study aimed to: (1) examine whether experiencing ethnic harassment was related to violent behaviors among immigrant youths (2) identify the conditions that elevate ethnically harassed youth’s engagement in violent behaviors. Specifically, current study examined the moderating roles of youth’s ethnic identification, anger regulation, and impulsivity on the association between ethnic harassment and violent behaviors. Participants included 341 first- and second-generation immigrant youth (Mage= 14.11, SD =.93; 48 % girls) who were recruited from seven different schools in a mid-size Swedish city. Regression analyses was conducted to test whether ethnic harassment predicted violent behaviors over the course of one year after and whether youth’s ethnic identification, anger regulation and impulsive personality trait moderated the association between ethnic harassment and violent behaviors. Results showed that when immigrant youth were exposed to ethnic harassment, they were more likely to display violent behaviors one year later. In addition, the results suggested that immigrant youth who identified themselves with their heritage culture, i.e., high ethnic identification, were more at risk displaying violent behaviors in the case of ethnic harassment. Moreover, the results indicated that anger regulation and impulsive personality trait did not moderate the relationship between ethnic harassment and violence.

Immigrant students are targets of ethnic harassment in school context in their host country. Prior studies demonstrated that being victim of ethnic harassment has consequences for the psychological, behavioral, and school adjustment of youths with immigrant background. The purpose of this study was to examine if a positive teacher relationship moderated the school adjustment of ethnically harassed immigrant students. Data was gathered from ethnically harassed students in 7th and 8th grade in seven schools of a midsized town in Sweden. In addition to univariate and bivariate correlation analyses, a series of moderated regression analyses were conducted. Significant moderation effects of relationship with teachers were found for two of the school adjustment measures. The results suggested a positive relationship with teachers could play a buffering role for school liking and truancy of students who experience ethnic harassment from their peers. Implications of the findings were discussed in relation to both research and practice. / Invandrarelever utsätts för etniska trakasserier i skolan i sina nya värdland. Tidigare studier har demonstrerat att ungdomar med invandrarbakgrund som faller offer för etniska trakasserier får en negativ påverkan på sitt psykologiska välmående, sina beteenden, och skolanpassning. Syftet med den här studien var att undersöka om en positiv relation med en lärare modererade skolanpassningen hos etniskt trakasserade invandrarelever. Data inhämtades från etniskt trakasserade invandrarelever i 7:e och 8:e klass från sju skolor i en mellanstor stad i Sverige. Utöver univariata och bivariata korrelationsanalyser, utfärdades en serie modererande regressionsanalyser. I två av studiens variabler fanns det statistiskt signifikanta modererande effekter av att ha en positiv relation med en lärare. Resultatet föreslår att en positiv relation med lärare kan ha spelat en skyddande roll for elevens positiva attityd till skolan och för skolkning hos elever som upplever en låg mängd etniska trakasserier från sina klasskamrater. Studiens resultat diskuterades både i relation till forskning och tillämpning i samhället.

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The purpose for our study was to see whether reporting mothers and fathers safe base separately protects adolescents who are ethnically harassed from developing low self-esteem. To examine this, we use secondary longitudinal data with immigrant adolescents. In addition to bivariate correlations we ran two moderation regression analyses to test if perceived safe base from mothers or fathers could affect the link between ethnic harassment and self-esteem. Moreover, we wanted to see if perceiving safe base with either parent could change the level of self-esteem within the adolescent. The results showed significance when mothers safe base was tested as a moderator. However, this was not the case for the fathers. The findings in our study were discussed and compared to previous research. / Syftet med vår studie var att se om mammors och pappors säkra anknytning skyddar ungdomar som är etniskt trakasserade från att utveckla lågt självförtroende. För att undersöka detta använde vi longitudinell data med invandrarungdomar. Utöver bivariata korrelationer har vi genomfört två moderationsanalyser för att testa om en uppfattad säker anknytning till mammor eller pappor kan påverka sambandet mellan etniska trakasserier och självförtroende. Utöver detta ville vi se om uppfattad säker anknytning med ena föräldern kan ändra graden av självförtroende hos ungdomarna. Resultaten visade signifikanta resultat när mammors säkra anknytning testades som en moderator. Men detta var inte fallet för papporna. Resultaten i vår studie diskuterades och jämfördes med tidigare forskning.