Yes / Aims and objectives.  This study was designed to complement local audit data by examining the lived experience of women who elected to attempt a vaginal birth following a previous caesarean delivery. The study sought to determine whether or not women were able to exercise informed choice and to explore how they made decisions about the method of delivery and how they interpreted their experiences following the birth. .  The rising operative birth rate in the UK concerns both obstetricians and midwives. Although the popular press has characterized birth by caesarean section as the socialites’ choice, in reality, maternal choice is only one factor in determining the method of birth. However, in considering the next delivery following a caesarean section, maternal choice may be a significant indicator. While accepted current UK practice favours vaginal birth after caesarean (VBAC) in line with the research evidence indicating reduced maternal morbidity, lower costs and satisfactory neonatal outcomes, Lavender et al. point out that partnership in choice has emerged as a key factor in the decision-making process over the past few decades. Chaung and Jenders explored the issue of choice in an earlier study and concluded that the best method of subsequent delivery, following a caesarean birth, is dependent on a woman's preference. Design and methodology.  Using a phenomenological approach enabled a holistic exploration of women's lived experiences of vaginal birth after the caesarean section. Results.  This was a qualitative study and, as such, the findings are not transferable to women in general. However, the results confirmed the importance of informed choice and raised some interesting issues meriting the further exploration. Conclusions.  Informed choice is the key to effective women-centred care. Women must have access to non-biased evidence-based information in order to engage in a collaborative partnership of equals with midwives and obstetricians. Relevance to clinical practice.  This study is relevant to clinical practice as it highlights the importance of informed choice and reminds practitioners that, for women, psycho-social implications may supersede their physical concerns about birth.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a low-incidence disorder with high impacts on individuals, families, and society. School-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) have tremendous responsibilities toward individuals with ASD, but pre-service SLPs are not adequately trained to fulfill these expectations. In order to reduce the widespread financial and social impact of ASD, school-based SLPs need to complete effective training to prepare them for the selection of established social-communication practices. One framework for the selection of individualized intervention is the Ziggurat Model (Aspy & Grossman, 2008). The following study used mixed methods to investigate the research question: “Does the ASD knowledge base of ASHA-certified school-based SLPs change when they complete an online training module based upon Aspy and Grossman’s Ziggurat Model? If so, what are those changes?” A pre-test post-test control group design demonstrated a significant difference in the experimental group’s and the control group’s pre-test post-test change scores, as demonstrated by an independent samples t-test (p=.039, 18df). Qualitative data analysis resulted in six themes. While the online training of Aspy and Grossman’s Ziggurat Model used in this study was an effective method with which to train school-based SLPs in using a comprehensive framework, more rigorous research is needed on this model relative to the selection of intervention.

Addiction Severity Index (ASI) är tänkt att användas både för klientarbete på individnivå och för forskning på gruppnivå. Denna studie undersöker i vilken omfattning ASI-Uppföljning genomförs samt vilka individ- och organisationsfaktorer som påverkar användningen. Studien är kvantitativ dvs presenterar statistiska analyser. Data samlades in på två sätt. Tillgång till ASI-data gjordes möjlig genom en avidentifierad fil från databasen ASI-Net och omfattade data från elva kommuner i Jönköpings län. ASI-data bestod av 1964 intervjuer från ASI-Grund och ASI-Uppföljning och behövdes för undersökningen av individfaktorerna. Data angående organisationsfaktorerna samlades in genom webbenkäter till cheferna inom Individ- och Familjeomsorg (IFO) i samma elva kommuner. Resultatet visar att andelen uppföljningsintervjuer ökar för varje år och att det föreligger stora skillnader mellan kommuner i genomförande av andelen uppföljningsintervjuer. Analysen av individfaktorerna tyder på att de äldre, med högre utbildning och ett yrke återintervjuas i högre utsträckning. Klienterna med stora problem och hjälpbehov med alkohol genomgår i högre grad en uppföljningsintervju, medan mer problem med narkotika och rättsliga problem tenderar att följas upp i mindre grad. Analysen av organisationsfaktorerna kunde ej på meningsfullt sätt signifikansprövas då populationen för webbenkäten var liten. Dock upptäcktes korrelation mellan andelen uppföljningsintervjuer för varje kommun och två organisationsfaktorer, befolkningsmängd i kommunerna samt personalomsättning. Organisationsfaktorerna visar tvärtemot förväntat att små kommuner följer upp en högre andel, och att faktorer som personalomsättning, utbildning och ärendemängd inte förklarar de skillnader som finns.  Studiens slutsats visar att andelen genomförda ASI-Uppföljning ökar kontinuerligt. Även om ASI-Uppföljning ökar så är det långt kvar till dess att ens hälften av alla ärenden med ASI-Grund återintervjuas. För att öka motivationen att genomföra uppföljningsintervjuer kan det vara viktigt att socialsekreterarna får mer tillbaka i form av sammanställningar och analyser på gruppnivå. / Addiction Severity Index (ASI) is thought to be used both for client work at the individual level and for research at a group level. This study examines the extent to which the ASI Follow-up is carried out, and the individual and organizational factors influencing the usage. The study is quantitative, i.e. presents statistical analyzes. Data were collected in two ways. Access to ASI data was made possible by an anonymous file from the database ASI-Net and included data from eleven municipalities in Jönköping County. ASI data consisted of 1,964 interviews from ASI Basic and ASI Follow-up and was needed for the investigation of individual factors. Data regarding organizational factors was collected through web surveys to managers in Individual and Family Care (IFO) in the same eleven municipalities. The result shows that the percentage of follow-up interviews is increasing every year and that there are large differences between municipalities in the usage of the percentage of follow-up interviews. The analysis of individual factors suggest that the elderly, with higher education and a profession are interviewed to a greater extent. Clients with serious problems and in need of help with alcohol also undergo follow-up interviews more frequently, while more problems with drugs and legal problems tend to be followed-up to a lesser degree. The analysis of organizational factors could not in a meaningful way be tested for significance since the population for the web survey was small, however, correlation was discovered between the percentage of follow-up interviews for each municipality and organizational factors of population in municipalities and employee turnover. Organizational factors show the contrary as expected that small municipalities follow up to higher degree, and that factors such as staff turnover, training and case quantity does not explain the existing differences. The study's conclusions are that the percentage of ASI Follow-up is continuously increasing. Although the ASI follow-up is increasing, it is a long way until the even half of all cases with ASI Basic are re-interviewed. To increase the motivation to carry out follow-up interviews, it may be important for the social workers to get back more in the form of summaries and analyzes at the group level.

RB redactó el primer borrador del artículo y realizó la revisión final. EM redactó la versión presentada al comité editorial, elaboró las figuras del artículo, levantó las observaciones del comité editorial y redactó la versión final del artículo. AG realizó contribuciones al texto inicial, desarrolló la primera versión del resumen y revisó la versión final. GM realizó contribuciones al texto inicial, levantó las observaciones del comité editorial, realizó contribuciones al texto final y revisó la versión final. / Los estudios de síntesis (EDS): revisiones sistemáticas y metanálisis, son base para llevar a cabo las evaluaciones económicas en salud (EES). Los EDS, al permitir obtener parámetros para las probabilidades de estimación y de efectividad a partir de la combinación de resultados de estudios primarios y, al incluir en su metodología procesos de selección, evaluación, sistematización y síntesis, son considerados como el primer nivel de jerarquía en la evidencia científica. No obstante, pueden estar sometidos a sesgos y fallas metodológicas que afectan su validez. El presente artículo expone, inicialmente, la importancia de la aleatorización en la jerarquización de los diseños de investigación; luego se revisa los principales factores que afectan la validez de los EDS, incidiendo en el sesgo de publicación, la heterogeneidad y la inclusión de estudios primarios con objetivos principales distintos al del EDS; asimismo, se presenta a los estudios individuales como una alternativa válida para el desarrollo de una EES. Se concluye que uno de los aspectos claves en una EES es la selección adecuada de los tipos de estudio, sean estos primarios o secundarios. / Synthesis studies (SS): systematic review and meta-analysis are the basis for developing Health Economic Evaluations (HEE). SS allow us to obtain parameters for estimating probabilities and effectiveness from the combination of the results of primary studies, and, as they include in their methodology the selection, evaluation, systematization and synthesis processes, they are considered the first level of hierarchy in scientific evidence. Nevertheless, they can be prone to bias and methodological failures that can affect the validity of their results. This article initially presents the relevance of the randomization in the hierarchic classification of research designs, then it reviews the main factors affecting the validity of the SS, emphasising the publication bias, the heterogeneity and the inclusion of primary studies with main objective differing from the one of the SS. Moreover, it presents individual studies like a valid alternative for the development of a SS. The conclusion is that one of the key aspects in a SS is the correct evaluation of the study types and the objective evaluation of their quality, being these primary or secondary.

Family preservation services are intended to prevent the out-of-home placement (into foster care or some other alternative arrangement) of children and youth in families at risk of maltreating them. An Ecological Systems perspective of these families might suggest that a family’s context (represented by the variables of poverty, agency services, family history, and individual/caretaker characteristics) must be considered as an over-arching influence in families’ risk and outcomes. The purpose of this cross-sectional secondary data analysis study was to identify layered factors that distinguish family preservation cases in Richmond, VA that experience removal or subsequent abuse or neglect from those that do not, in order to make recommendations about how services can be better directed to support families in caring for their children and youth. Using Hierarchical Discriminant Function Analysis, this research project evaluated the “predictive” values of the external conditions and internal characteristics of family recipients of the Richmond, Virginia Department of Social Services corollary to family preservation services on the outcomes of (a) successful case closure, (b) out-of-home placement during services, and (c) child maltreatment after case closure. Contextual factors (poverty), Agency factors (number of services and ratio of concrete services), Family factors (history of placement, chronicity of maltreatment, abuse risk score, and neglect risk score), and Individual/Caretaker factors (caretaker substance abuse, caretaker mental health, and family structure) were investigated. The findings of this study showed that poverty, agency characteristics, and family characteristics each directly explained substantial amounts of variance among the outcomes and that poverty, provision of concrete services, and a family history of foster care placement best distinguished among families experiencing these different outcomes. These findings highlight the need of family preservation programming to directly address conditions of poverty in abuse and neglect risk, and suggest that the services provided to the families need better targeting to families’ needs. Recommendations based on this study include the development of a theory-based, local-evidence-based model of services for family preservation services at the agency for which the research was conducted.

Pressure ulcers are one of the quality indicators of nursing care, their presence reduces the quality of life of the patient, leads to a prolongation of hospitalization, increases costs of care and affects the budget of a health care facility. European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel or the European Advisory Board on issues of bedsores (EPUAP) leads and supports all European countries in their efforts to prevent and treat pressure sores. EPUAP working group has developed guidelines for the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers. One of the important factors in providing the highest quality of nursing care is the ability of nurses to practically use the research results in the nursing process. This thesis deals with the effective use of the latest advances in the prevention of pressure sores and their treatment in the intensive care in Czech Republic. The main objective of this thesis is to explore the latest methods of prevention of pressure sores and care, according to Evidence-based practice principles EPUAP and analyze their practical implementation in selected intensive care wards. Quantitative research was conducted through an anonymous questionnaire in the population of nurses working in intensive care. The results of the research show that nurses working in intensive care, implement...

The aim of this dissertation is to examine empirically what Evidence-based practice (EBP) and its standardized procedures become when put into practice in social work. EBP builds on the idea that professional practice should be based on systematic and reliable knowledge of the interventions and instruments used in this work. This implies a standardization of both research and practice that has been highly contested. Inspired by works within science and technology studies (STS), this dissertation analyses the actual content of the standardized procedures and their uses in social work practice. The dissertation examines a ‘critical case’, a substance abuse social services agency that has worked extensively for several years at implementing EBP, and consists of four papers focusing on three standardized procedures used by the agency in order to enact EBP: 1) the Addiction severity index (ASI) assessment instrument; 2) the psychosocial intervention Motivational interviewing, and 3) the decision-making model Critical appraisal (CA). Ethnographic methods were employed to study the agency’s concrete uses of the standardized procedures in daily practice. MI was also followed in the research literature as it became established as an ‘evidence-based’ intervention. Fundamentally, the development of the standards of EBP can be a messy and paradoxical process. In the stabilization of MI, its differences and ‘fluidity’ have eventually been made to disappear and left a stable ‘evidence-based’ object. Findings from the ethnographic studies show that EBP, as enacted in the agency’s daily practice, is a bureaucratic project where the agency’s managers have decided on and control the use of a set of standards. Thus, what constitutes relevant evidence is based not on professional discussion within the agency but is ultimately determined by the managers. In practice, the standards introduce new logics that cause tensions within the agency, tensions which the social workers are left to handle. Main conflicts concern how the client work is ordered and contradictory organizational rationales. The three standards are used to varying extent, which can be understood by examining what they seek to standardize and how they are put to work. CA was not used at all, mainly due to its design. Disregarding organizational rationales that are unavoidable within the social services, it could not be adapted to the agency’s work. With ASI and MI the situation was different, mostly because of their organizational adaptability. ASI could be implemented in several phases of the agency’s work flow resulting in adjustments of both the instrument and the work flow. As a ‘fluid intervention’, MI was constrained by, but also adjustable to the organization. It was thus possible for both ASI and MI to transform and be transformed by pre-existing practices, in effect creating new practices. A major conclusion is that EBP and its standardized procedures is a more dynamic and multifaceted process than previously acknowledged in social work. Rather than a deterministic one-way path, there are different kinds, degrees, and mutual transformations of standardization processes, which must be appreciated in research and in practical efforts to implement EBP. Given the importance of the organization in professional social work, there is a need to move away from individualistic conceptions of EBP and to consider what evidence use might mean from an organizational perspective. / <p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 4: Manuscript.</p>

A prevenção de úlcera por pressão representa grande desafio no ambiente hospitalar, especialmente na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, mediante a diversidade de fatores de risco apresentados pelos pacientes. A pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da construção e utilização de um protocolo embasado em evidências para prevenção de úlcera por pressão em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, nas ações de enfermagem e na incidência do evento. Foi realizada na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de hospital universitário, de João Pessoa, Paraíba, após aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. O percurso metodológico foi construído a partir das etapas do processo da adoção de uma inovação conforme Rogers, utilizando-se as abordagens quanti e qualitativa, em três fases: pré-intervenção, intervenção e pós- intervenção. Nas fases pré e pós-intervenção, por meio de dois estudos, investigou- se a realidade caracterizando-se as ações dos profissionais para prevenção durante a higiene corporal e a incidência de úlcera por pressão. A fase de intervenção possibilitou a construção e utilização do protocolo de prevenção de úlcera por pressão com a participação dos profissionais de saúde da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, utilizando-se como estratégias o grupo focal, a avaliação da concordância pelos profissionais e o desenvolvimento de ações educativas, visando à persuasão para a adoção das recomendações. Os resultados das fases pré e pós-intervenção foram comparados utilizando testes estatísticos para verificar o impacto da utilização do protocolo. No estudo qualitativo, desenvolvido durante a fase de intervenção, a análise e interpretação dos depoimentos dos profissionais foram realizadas pela técnica de análise de conteúdo conforme Bardin. A comparação dos resultados dos estudos das fases pré e pós-intervenção evidenciou que a utilização do protocolo influenciou a prática clínica dos profissionais de enfermagem, observando-se mudanças significativas na adoção de medidas de prevenção como: avaliação do risco para úlcera por pressão utilizando a Escala de Braden durante a internação do paciente (p<0,001), incremento na utilização do hidratante corporal (p<0,001), inspeção da pele nas proeminências ósseas em todas as regiões corporais (p<0,001), aumento da utilização do lençol móvel para elevação do paciente do leito durante a movimentação (p<0,001), utilização de travesseiros para proteger as proeminências ósseas do joelho (p=0,015) e sob as panturrilhas para manter os calcâneos flutuantes (p<0,005). Observou-se ainda aumento na utilização de coberturas para proteção da pele nas áreas de proeminências ósseas (p=0,005). Quanto à incidência de úlcera por pressão observou-se diferença estatisticamente significante (p=0,0069) entre as duas fases da pesquisa com redução do índice de 35,7% (pré-intervenção) para 8,3% (pós-intervenção). Identificou-se que as variáveis associadas à ocorrência de úlcera por pressão foram: uso de antibióticos, vasoconstrictores, ventilação mecânica; tempo prolongado de internação; menores escores na Escala de Braden e de Glasgow. Os resultados denotam a importância da utilização do protocolo de prevenção de úlcera por pressão no serviço e ressaltam a necessidade do envolvimento da instituição na manutenção de um programa de educação permanente que envolva a equipe multiprofissional, no provimento de recursos humanos e materiais para garantir a continuidade na adoção das boas práticas para prevenção de úlcera por pressão e no monitoramento contínuo do problema / Preventing pressure ulcers poses a great challenge in the hospital context, especially in Intensive Care Unit, because of the range of risk factors the patients present. The objective in this research was to assess the effect of the construction and use of an evidence-based protocol to prevent pressure ulcers in Intensive Care Unit on nursing actions and on the incidence rates of the event. The study was undertaken at the Intensive Care Unit of a university hospital in João Pessoa/Paraíba, after receiving ethical clearance. The method was constructed based on Rogers\' steps in the innovation adoption process, using the quantitative and qualitative approaches, in three phases: pre-intervention, intervention and post-intervention. In the pre- and post-intervention phases, the reality was investigated through two studies, characterizing the professionals\' preventive actions during bodily hygiene and the incidence of pressure ulcers. The intervention phase permitted the construction and use of the pressure ulcers prevention protocol, involving health professionals from the Intensive Care Unit, through the adoption of the following strategies: focus group, assessment of the professionals\' agreement and development of educative actions to persuade the professionals to adopt the recommendations. The results of the pre and post-intervention phases were compared, using statistical tests to verify the impact of using the protocol. In the qualitative study, developed during the intervention phase, Bardin\'s content analysis technique was applied for the analysis and interpretation of the professionals\' statements. The comparison between the study results of the pre and post-intervention phases evidenced that the use of the protocol significantly influenced the nursing professionals\' clinical practice, revealing significant changes in the adoption of prevention measures, including: pressure ulcers risk assessment using the Braden scale during the patient\'s hospitalization (p<0.001), increased use of body hydrating lotion (p<0.001), skin inspection on bony prominences in all body regionso (p<0.001), increased use of blankets to raise the patient from the bed while moving (p<0.001); use of pillows to protect bony prominences on the knee (p=0.015) and under the calves to maintain the heels suspended (p<0.005). In addition, an increase was observed in the use of covers to protect areas of bony prominences (p=0.005). Concerning the incidence of pressure ulcers, a statistically significant difference (p=0.0069) was observed between the two research phases, with a reduction from 35.7 % (pre-intervention) to 8.3% (post-intervention). It was identified that the variables associated with the occurrence of pressure ulcers were: use of antibiotics, vasoconstrictors, mechanical ventilation; extended hospitalization time; lower scores on Braden and Glasgow Scale. The results indicate the importance of using the pressure ulcers prevention protocol in the service and highlight the need for the institution to engage in the maintenance of a continuing education program for the multiprofessional team, in the provision of human and material resources to guarantee continuity in the adoption of best practices for pressure ulcers prevention and in the continuous monitoring of the problem

Buscando estabelecer controles públicos e empiricamente indexados para o comportamento verbal clínico do terapeuta de serviços, um modelo de Prática Psicológica por Evidências, chamado Prática Controlada, foi adaptado, testado e explorado quanto a algumas de suas possibilidades, em condições reais de aplicação. Esse modelo se fundamenta num arranjo específico dos procedimentos terapêuticos e em cinco instrumentos utilizados para a coleta de informações qualitativas e quantitativas pré-intervenção e na coleta continuada de dados empíricos referentes ao nível de perturbação psicológica do cliente, à qualidade da relação terapêutica e ao seu nível de engajamento nas tarefas terapêuticas, ao longo das primeiras 20 sessões de tratamentos de orientação analítico-comportamental para 34 clientes (10 homens, 33,3 ± 14,2 anos, e 24 mulheres, 35,6 ± 9,9 anos) em três cidades diferentes. As terapias foram conduzidas por três terapeutas experientes e quatro inexperientes. Os resultados indicaram que esse modelo de prática controlada produz indexadores empíricos que podem ancorar o comportamento verbal do terapeuta de serviços (suas interpretações e julgamentos teóricos e clínicos) e que são sensíveis à evolução de curto, médio e longo prazo da terapia, além de permitir a produção de evidências públicas clínica e socialmente relevantes dos resultados intermediários e finais do tratamento. Através da análise das séries temporais obtidas, os resultados também sugerem que a avaliação do cliente do seu nível de perturbação psicológica, do seu engajamento nas tarefas terapêuticas e na sua apreciação da qualidade da relação terapêutica pode responder a controles independentes e/ou a variáveis idiossincráticas. Apresenta-se uma discussão sobre teoria da mensuração, escalas de medidas e medidas em psicologia e em psicoterapia e algumas sugestões para pesquisas futuras são oferecidas. / Aiming to establish public and empirically based controls for the therapist-practitioner\"s clinical verbal behavior, a model of Evidence Based Psychological Practice, called Controlled Practice, was adapted, tested and explored in real-world conditions of application. This model is based on a specific arrangement of the therapeutic procedures and on five instruments for collecting qualitative and quantitative pre-intervention information and empirical data and for collecting continued empirical data on the client\"s level of psychological distress, on the therapeutic relationship\"s quality and on the client\"s level of performance at therapeutic tasks along the first 20 sessions of behavior-analytic oriented psychological treatments of 34 clients (10 males, 33,3 ± 14,2 yrs., and 24 females, 35,6 ± 9,9 yrs.) in three different towns. The therapies were delivered by three experienced therapists and four inexperienced. Results indicates that this model of controlled practice may anchor the practitioner verbal behavior (his/her clinical and theoretical interpretations and judgments) on empirically based indexers that are, at the same time, sensitive to the short, medium and long-term evolution of the therapy and may provide clinically and socially relevant public evidences of the treatment\"s intermediate and outcome results. Through the analysis of the time-series collected results also suggested that the client\"s evaluation of his/her level of psychological distress, his/her engagement in the therapeutic tasks and his/her appraisal of the therapeutic relationship may respond to independent controls and/or to idiosyncratic variables. A discussion of the theory of measurement, measurement scales and measures in psychology and psychotherapy is presented and some suggestions for future researches are offered.

A ciência da nutrição experimentou nos últimos anos avanço bastante representativo em produção de evidências científicas, mas ainda permanece incerto em que medida tais ganhos quantitativos acarretam em melhoria da qualidade da atenção à saúde. Sendo assim, objetivou-se sistematicamente mapear e categorizar as intervenções e programas que demonstram como as condutas nutricionais baseadas em evidências têm sido implementadas por profissionais de saúde na atenção primária, buscando também compreender barreiras e potencialidades para que tal implementação aconteça. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão do tipo scoping review seguindo os preceitos do Instituto Joanna Briggs, considerando-se estudos primários sobre implementação de práticas que abordassem questões relacionadas à alimentação e nutrição, no que diz respeito a recomendações dietéticas e/ou aconselhamento nutricional dentro do contexto da prática baseada em evidências, em serviços de atenção primária à saúde, tendo os profissionais de saúde atuantes nesses serviços como agentes da implementação. Foram consultadas sete bases de dados eletrônicas (PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, LILACS, PsycINFO, ERIC e SCOPUS), identificando-se 3096 registros que resultaram em 14 artigos selecionados, todos em língua inglesa, publicados entre os anos de 2004 e 2016, com maior concentração em países do continente europeu. Estes trouxeram diferentes vertentes do processo de implementação acerca de seis importantes temas: Controle de peso (Sobrepeso/Obesidade), Alimentação infantil, Consumo de bebidas alcóolicas, Aleitamento materno, Cuidado ao paciente diabético e Risco nutricional/Desnutrição. Os profissionais enfermeiros apareceram como os principais responsáveis por realizar condutas nutricionais junto à população atendida pelas unidades de saúde. O processo de implementação de condutas nutricionais baseadas em evidências em serviços de atenção primária se apoiou em quatro principais eixos: 1) Reconhecimento das necessidades de saúde e características dos serviços e profissionais de saúde para atender as demandas; 2) Desenvolvimento de ações educativas junto aos profissionais de saúde; 3) Trabalho em equipe e prática interprofissional colaborativa; 4) Adequação das intervenções à realidade dos serviços e Atenção centrada no paciente. As barreiras predominantes à implementação foram: indisponibilidade de tempo, incompatibilidade das intervenções com as condições de vida e necessidades de saúde dos pacientes, falta de recursos, e relações conflituosas entre profissionais e pacientes. Por outro lado, foram identificadas potencialidades como treinamentos pré-intervenção bem estruturados, intervenções moldáveis às necessidades de saúde dos pacientes e realidade dos serviços, supervisão e suporte de profissionais especialistas, presença de materiais de apoio e fortalecimento do trabalho em equipe. Conclui-se que o elemento-chave das condutas nutricionais não reside apenas nas evidências científicas, mas primordialmente no processo de implementação, que ao contemplar os quatro eixos acima referidos, pode contribuir em muito para uma melhor qualidade da atenção à saúde nos serviços de atenção primária à saúde. / Although in recent years, the science of nutrition has made considerable progress in the production of scientific evidence, it remains uncertain up to what extent these quantitative gains lead to improvements in the quality of health care. Thus, the objective was to systematically map and categorize interventions and programs that demonstrate how evidence-based nutritional management have been implemented by health professionals in primary care, seeking also to understand barriers and potential for such implementation to occur. For this purpose, a review of the scoping review type was carried out following the precepts of the Joanna Briggs Institute, considering primary studies on the implementation of practices that address issues related to food and nutrition, regarding dietary recommendations and / or nutritional counseling in the context of evidence-based practice in primary health care services, considering health professionals working in these services as agents of implementation. Seven electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, LILACS, PsycINFO, ERIC and SCOPUS) were consulted, identifying 3096 records that resulted in 14 selected articles, all in English, published between the years 2004 and 2016 concentrated mainly in European countries. These articles revealed different aspects of the implementation process on six important topics: Weight control (Overweight/Obesity), Infant feeding, Consumption of alcoholic drinks, Breastfeeding, Diabetic patient care and Nutritional risk / Malnutrition. Nursing professionals appeared as the main responsible for conducting nutritional management among the population served by health units. The process of implementing evidence-based nutritional management in primary care services was based on four main axes: 1) Recognition of health needs and characteristics of health services and professionals to meet the demands; 2) Development of educational actions among health professionals; 3) Collaborative teamwork and interprofessional practice; 4) Adequacy of interventions to the reality of services and Patient-centered care. The predominant barriers to implementation were: unavailability of time, incompatibility of interventions with living conditions and patients\' health needs, lack of resources, and conflicting relationships between professionals and patients. On the other hand, potentialities were identified, such as well-structured pre-intervention training; interventions that were shaped corresponding to patients\' health needs and the reality of services; supervision and support of specialist professionals; existence of materials to support the practice and strengthening of teamwork. It is concluded that the key element of nutritional management lies not only in the scientific evidence, but primarily in the implementation process, which, when encompassing the four axes mentioned above, may contribute greatly to a better quality in health primary health care services.