This diploma thesis explores content, purpose and impact of citizenship of the European Union. The European Union is an international organization that affects day-to-day lives of citizens of its Member States. From the beginning of its existence, the European Union (formerly the European Community) has always taken into consideration the interests of its Member States. As it has accrued more power while widening and broadening its competencies, it has made it possible for the European Union to tackle new problems. Eventually, in order to reduce democratic deficit participation of individual citizens became inevitable for the purpose of creation of a genuine link between individuals and the European Union, which helps to ensure its proper governance. Although some rights linked with citizenship had been already incorporated into the law of the European Union, citizenship of the European Union was embedded into the primary law of the European Union by the Maastricht Treaty. Entering into force on 1 November 1993, this represented a milestone for the quality of the relationship between the European Union and citizens of its Member States. Citizenship of the European Union, which is a citizenship sui generis, is characterised by its accessority and additionality to the citizenship of a Member State....

Criminal sanctions of acts against the financial interests of the European Union. Daniella Sarah Sotolářová Summary The ongoing integration of the European Union - and the related extension of the powers of its bodies and closer cooperation between the Member States in many areas - brings about various new challenges and urges many subjects to deal with issues yet unresolved. This also applies to the field of criminal law and to the subjects active in criminal matters. A substantial progress has been made recently at the European Union level on the way towards the harmonization of certain criminal law standards and major steps have been taken leading to the reform of the system of the institutions and bodies active in criminal matters which include criminal offences against these standards. These harmonization and reform steps have reached furthest in the area of criminal law protection of the financial interests of the European Union against acts of a fraudulent nature. However, not everything has been achieved completely in the rapid development. It still remains open - and undefined - what really belongs among those protected financial interests of the European Union. Its normative efforts came up with the concept of criminal offences of a fraudulent nature substantially exceeding the framework of what...

The master´s thesis is aimed at the European Union points at issue and to this related European funds that can be the source of finances for the establishment of the leisure zone in Humpolec. The aim of the thesis is to project the financing for the establishment of a leisure zone at the “Hadina” pond surroundings with the aim to adapt the surrounding to various free time activities as well as to an active use by the inhabitants of all generations.

1 ABSTRACT European international law - selected issues The subject of this thesis is an analysis of a new procedural measure of European law - European order for payment (hereinafter as "EOP") and exploration of its application in practice from the perspective of the Czech plaintiff and Czech court. I have chosen this topic because of my own experience concerning cross-border debt recovery through the EOP. In this context, I decided to find out how this legal measure works in practice with regard to its purpose of providing a simplified, accelerated and cost effective procedure for the recovery of uncontested pecuniary civil and commercial claims in cross-border cases. In the final part of the thesis, I made the conclusion that the Council Regulation 1896/2006 of 12 December 2006, in creating a European order for payment procedure, (hereinafter as "REOP") meets its objectives and its implementation is a valuable asset to the creditors against non paying debtors. The thesis is divided into 3 parts. The first part is as an introduction to European private international law containing five chapters. The first and second chapters explain the concepts of private international law and European private international law. The third chapter deals with their mutual relationship. The fourth chapter describes the...

Right of a member state to leave the EU in context of the Brexit Abstract One year has passed since the United Kingdom officially announced its intention to withdraw from the European Union membership. Brexit as this withdrawal is often called means the turning point not only for the view of the concept of the ever closer European integration, but it also presents feasibility of a new option for the EU Member States. It is astonishing that in spite of popular attention to this topic there is an absence of serious academic research dealing with the right of a Member State to withdraw in all its wide aspects. Therefore, this thesis aims at the goal of describing the problem of the withdrawal in the most complex way and not only in the light of the recent Brexit. For understanding the present situation, it seems to be necessary, at least in the limited way, to introduce the right of withdrawal as the external aspect of the sovereignty ultima ratio which even in the historical period before the explicit incorporation in the Lisbon Treaty had to exist. In a retrospective view, it is also crucial to mention cases which were in a strict sense not examples of a withdrawal of Member States, but that proved the practical accommodation of national instruments and procedures to termination of EU law application. On...

This thesis presents the infringement procedures against Member States of the EU held before the Court of Justice of the EU. Particularly, it focuses on proceedings against the Czech Republic. The thesis analyses in detail the infringement procedure as such, including all conditions and requirements developed in case-law of the Court of Justice. Then it analyses concrete cases of actions brought against the Czech Republic.

The work focuses on the analysis of EU funds. Described is also the general functioning of the European community in terms of politics, economics, geographical kontext, regional policy and economics and social cohesion. Subsequently, the theoretical part of the work is devoted to tourism and choosing suitable program for derive financial resources for tourism development. The aim of this work is to draft a specific project based on information obstained from the analysis of the Rural Development Program in the Czech republic. Another objective is to assess the effects and benefits resulting from the project. The project proposal is developed in the practical part of the thesis. Finances are drawn from the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) through the Rural Development Program (RDP). The entire project is analyzed and evaluated in particular in economic and financial terms. Social and development aspect, creating new jobs and the overall of the project are evaluated too.

Important role in the integration process is played by the EU institutions. The subject of the thesis are description and analysis of the transformation of the European institutions, reforms of the founding treaties and the law of the Union. The theoretical part provides the reader with an overview of the EU institutions, their structure, competences and development. At the end, the theoretical part deals with problems of the institutions, provides solutions and indicates potential trends of the EU institutions developement. The empirical part deals with the interests and opinions of the Czech public on the EU functioning EU. The results provided that the public is aware of their electoral rights, know their representatives and watches how they vote. Although the public is not satisfied with the functioning of the EU chooses the option to remain in the Union.

European Private Company (function, state of preparation of European legislation and perspectives) The European Private Company is to become a new company form based on European law. The proposal for a Regulation regarding the European Private Company Statute (hereinafter: Regulation) presented by the European Commission aims at improving conditions for small and medium enterprises (hereinafter: SME's) in the European Single Market by providing them with the same, flexible and uniform set of company law rules across European Union. The European Company Statute is expected to reduce complying costs and remove some obstacles SME's are now facing when conducting cross-border business. The aim of my thesis is to identify the objectives of the proposal and to illustrate the state of discussion on European Private Company among Member States. It seeks to describe the reasons and the approach of European Commission when drafting provisions on some core issues of the proposal and to address the changes these provisions have been subjected to during the discussion in European Council. This paper attempts to outline the perspectives of European Private Company Statute proposed by Commission compared with the perspectives of Compromise proposals introduced by Presidency of European Council. The thesis is...

The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the extent of how have recent decisions of ECJ in cases Gasser, Turner and Owusu compromised the efficiency of jurisdiction agreements under Brussels I. Regulation. The main and most important aim of European Union, as a political and economic union, is facilitation of trade among Member States. Commercial transactions, especially in international framework are heavily regulated by contracts, wherein parties tend to regulate all potential issues in order to prevent applications of national laws. Therefore in international trade, the importance of party autonomy is even more significant than, in any other branch of contractual relations. One specific expression of party autonomy is incorporation of jurisdiction agreements into contracts, whereby parties determine which national court will have jurisdiction in the case of potential dispute. These so-called prorogation agreements are at the European level, regulated by Brussels I Regulation. However the ECJ has in several recent cases prioritized other principles, such as mutual trust and avoidance of irreconcilable judgements to the prejudice of party autonomy, which has together with very literal approach in construction lead to uncertainty in efficiency of application of jurisdiction agreements. This thesis...