University of Macau / Faculty of Law

Univ., Diss.--Leiden, 2005.

Inaugural-Dissertation--Universität Greifswald, 1902. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Humboldt-Univ., Diss.--Berlin, 2002. / Literaturverz. S. 273 - 281.

Inaugural-Dissertation--Universität Greifswald, 1902. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Kiel, 2005.

128 f. / Submitted by Ana Valéria de Jesus Moura (anavaleria_131@hotmail.com) on 2013-05-24T16:46:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Técio Spínola Gomes.pdf: 992685 bytes, checksum: 113b2902ca0aa0d102a4d8f3c6eb8eb2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Valéria de Jesus Moura(anavaleria_131@hotmail.com) on 2013-05-24T16:49:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Técio Spínola Gomes.pdf: 992685 bytes, checksum: 113b2902ca0aa0d102a4d8f3c6eb8eb2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-24T16:49:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Técio Spínola Gomes.pdf: 992685 bytes, checksum: 113b2902ca0aa0d102a4d8f3c6eb8eb2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / O presente trabalho aborda a técnica da fluid recovery utilizada para a liquidação e execução de ações coletivas em defesa de direitos individuais homogêneos. Objetiva-se estudar como esta técnica pode servir para a ampliação do acesso à justiça e concretização do direito à tutela executiva, que é corolário do princípio do devido processo legal. O microssistema da tutela coletiva é utilizado como referencial normativo do processo coletivo brasileiro. A fluid recovery é abordada, desde a sua origem, nos Estados Unidos da América, sendo também observado o desenvolvimento do instituto nos países da tradição da common law. Diante da previsão da fluid recovery no Código Brasileiro de Defesa do Consumidor, indaga-se como esta técnica deve ser aplicada para a máxima efetivação de direitos. / Salvador

Gustafsson, O. 2018. Landsbygd kontra stadsmiljö–gotländska avrättningsplatser som talar. Gustafsson, O. 2018. Countryside versus urban area–Gotlandic executions that reveals. This bachelor thesis covers two executional sites on Gotland, one on the east coast near Visby, called Galgberget and the second one on the southern part of Gotland called Grötlingbo. The focus of this bachelor thesis will be on separating the sites and comparing them with each other based on their executional marks found on the bones from each site. I examined the 29 boxes recovered remains, with 25 boxes from Galgberget and four boxes from Grötlingbo, excavated from these two sites and used different methods to determine what kind of weapon and crime can be linked to the executional marks on the remains. One of the four methods that was used for this examination was sharp force trauma, that revealed a similarity in cervical vertebra damage on the individuals from both sites. The second method was dismembering, which was only identified on the bone fragments from Galgberget. The third method that was used to examine the remains was penetration wounds, which only appears on the remains that had been through violence-related circumstances or torture with a 20-centimetre nail through the head, the remains with these kinds of wounds were only discovered at Galgberget. The fourth method that was used was bone fractures, which showed; after examining the 29 remains that it was only discovered at the Galgberget executional site. It can be concluded from this that even if the execution sites are near-by each other, they performed different kinds of executions, with different kinds of execution marks. For example, from Grötlingbo the only execution mark there was the cervical vertebra sharp force trauma. Meanwhile from Galgberget there were several execution marks, which are mentioned in the methods above. Keywords: Galgberget, Grötlingbo, execution marks, Gotland, execution.

Die in dem Band veröffentlichten Aufsätze entstammen in der Mehrzahl der Feder finnischer Historikerinnen und Historiker und kreisen tatsächlich meist um „crime“ bzw. um kleinere Devianzen. Konzeptuell stellt die knappe Einleitung der Herausgeber ganz auf „soziale Kontrolle“ ab: Entlang der Forschungsgeschichte wird einer engeren Fassung, die soziale Kontrolle als von staatlichen Instanzen ausgehende „planned responses to crime and deviance“ versteht, eine weitere Fassung des Konzeptes gegenübergestellt, bei der alle denkbaren gesellschaftlichen Akteure Kontrollfunktionen wahrnehmen können. Jedoch entfaltet die Einleitung kaum programmatische Ausstahlungskraft für die folgenden Beiträge. So bietet der Band einen bunten Strauß sehr verschiedenartiger Beiträge von unterschiedlicher empirischer Tiefe und konzeptueller Durcharbeitung. Eher der Vollständigkeit halber genannt seien die Aufsätze zur Bedeutung von Spitznamen im ländlichen Finnland im 19. und 20.Jh. (Sofia Kotilainen), über einen spektakulären Serienmörder in Finnland Mitte des 19.Jahrhunderts (Teemu Keskiarja), über einen Kirchstuhlstreit in der westfinnischen Pfarrei Kokemäki Mitte des 18.Jahrhunderts (Ella Viitaniemi), über Vaganten und Einsperrungsinstitutionen in Finnland im 19.Jahrhundert (Päivi Pukero) und zu den Begnadigungen des finnischen Präsidenten gegenüber Staatsbediensteten nach dem Ende des Ersten Weltkriegs (Virpi Anttonen).

Up until the mid 1860s, an overwhelming majority of blacks in the US South were held in chattel slavery, from which they were freed after a Civil War (1861-1865). A recurring argument in institutional economics is that the institution of slavery did not disappear, but took other forms, e.g. segregation and violence. This is explored here, looking at the unsettling level of lethal violence against the black population 1875-1930. Literature empirically testing the legacy of slavery is hitherto scarce. I use a generalized difference-in-differences model to look at the effect of separate coach laws and disenfranchisement laws on lynchings and executions, respectively. All estimations are separated between blacks and non-blacks. I find precise and negative effects of disenfranchisement on executions of blacks and precise and positive effects of separate coach laws on executions of blacks. The same pattern holds true for lynchings of blacks, but only the estimate for separate coach laws is precise. No estimates are precise for lethal violence against non-blacks. This study lends support to the idea that lethal violence was used as an instrument to control the African American population.