Universiẗat, Diss., 2003--Kiel.

The diploma thesis deals with the relationship between graded readers and teaching vocabulary. We examine whether extensive reading leads to vocabulary acquisition on the basis of context provided by graded readers. In addition, we focus on the frequency of occurrence of individual lexical items and we interpret it as an important variable in teaching lexis. These two factors are compared using test data from two groups of experiment participants. The first group (the reading group) was asked to read the text at their own pace, while the second group was asked to read the text while listening to it being narrated by an English native speaker. Based on hitherto research, the listening group is expected to outperform the reading group. After introducing the topic in chapter 1, we attempt to define extensive reading in chapter 2. Graded readers are based on providing sufficient amount of context for understanding unknown vocabulary. In this chapter we contrast practical application of extensive reading with theoretical foundation in secondary literature. Chapter 3 delineates the methodology used in the present thesis. It is based on replicating a study by Waring and Takaki (2003), and also on research into audio- assisted reading. This methodology is used to measure the efficiency of reading and...

Exfoliative loses of the skin are rare, but potentially lethal disorders that includes toxical epidermal necrolysis and staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome. They should be considered in a differential diagnosis and a quick transfer to the burn center is essential. The level of care and the effectiveness of the treatment at the burn unit significantly decreases the morbidity and mortality of these diseases. A transport of the patient proceeds with a time delay and the usage of the systemic corticosteroids at the previous hospital unit is frequent, according to the results of our clinical study. TEN patients are often unsuccesfully treated at the different units, mostly at the dermatological clinics and the infection diseases clinics, where the treatment of the involved skin surface is insufficient and corticosteroids are often administered. This evidence indicates that there is a requisiteness of an wider education intended for the medical public, especially for the medical members who may have a greater probability of encountering TEN patients.

Nesta tese investigamos uma possível componente de partículas previstas por modelos além do modelo padrão da física de partículas, como por exemplo o massive gluino LSP, nos raios cósmicos de altíssimas energias (UHECR). Nosso objetivo é determinar os sinais experimentais em telescópios de fluorescência devidos a hádrons exóticos massivos e neutros, genericamente denominados de UHECRons. Para simular chuveiros iniciados por essa classe de partículas, alteramos o pacote Aires de simulação de chuveiros atmosféricos e o modelo hadrônico Sibyll. Estes chuveiros foram utilizados como entrada em simulações de telescópios de fluorescência por nós desenvolvidas, obtendo-se assim as distribuições dos observáveis desses chuveiros exóticos. A partir da comparação entre as características de chuveiros iniciados uhecrons e prótons, desenvolvemos métodos para a separação de sinais entre esses dois tipos de partículas. Esses métodos podem ser utilizados em uma análise inicial, com o intuito de procurar por sinais de partículas exóticas nos dados reais de observatórios de UHECR. / In this thesis we investigate a possible component of particles predicted by models beyond the standard model of particle physics, like the massive gluino LSP, in the ultra high energy cosmic rays (UHECR). Our objective is to determine the experimental signals on fluorescence telescopes due to exotic massive and neutral hadrons, generically called UHECRons. To simulate showers initiated by this class of particle, we altered the shower simulation package Aires and the hadronic model Sibyll. These showers were used as input in our simulations of fluorescence telescopes, thus obtaining the distribuitons of the observables for these exotic showers. By comparing the characteristics of showers initiated by uhecrons and protons, we developed methods to distinguish the signals between these two particles. These methods can be used in an initial analysis in order to look for signals of exotic particles in the real data of UHECR observatories.

This is a case study focusing on the effects of extensive reading. The study mainly deals with grammatical development and the relationship between input and output, but it also discusses learning strategies. The study aimed to answer the following question: To what extent, and in what ways, does extensive reading affect output and grammatical performance? The essay analyses the grammatical performance of a Spanish speaking PhD student in chemistry, whose main exposure to English was scientific literature during the study period. Accuracy tests were used in combination with free writing. The study did not find any direct, unquestionable relationship between extensive reading and grammatical development. Instead it shows the difficulty of separating input and output. However, the study indicates that output may be an effective tool for improving grammatical performance and that some focus on form may be necessary, at least for the grammatical development of adults. Furthermore, the study indicates that teaching may influence grammatical performance and, therefore, the presentation of grammar needs to be carefully considered.

The aim of this essay is to explore in what way Graded Readers are different from authentic texts against the background of English as a Second Language (ESL) and the use of authentic and simplified text in ESL teaching. The material used for this purpose is the authentic text of Wuthering Heights by Emily Brontë and two upper-intermediate Graded Readers from two different publishers. The study uses the software readability-score and manual analysis to examine the texts with regards to lexical choice, language structure and story. The study showed that the Graded Readers are simplified in all aspects studied. Moreover, the Graded Readers differ from each other as well, most notably in the style of the text due to sentence structure and story simplification. This could imply that different authors of Graded Readers adopt different styles when simplifying text and that the grading levels are not comparable between different publishers. / <p>Engelska</p>

Early maturity is one of the most important aerial growth traits next to bunch size, in determining banana productivity. However, low seed fertility in banana and the lack of breeding lines limit the application of conventional breeding for this trait. Genetic transformation with a CyclinD2-type gene, responsible for the CyclinD2 protein sub unit, which modulates the cell cycle progression at the G1/S phase, enhanced growth of tobacco plants. On this basis, investigations were carried out on the possibility of increasing the growth rate of banana plants through transformation with and expression of a CyclinD2- type coding sequence. Arabidopsis thaliana;CyclinD2;1 (Arath;CycD2;1) gene and its banana ortholog were over-expressed in banana to test their growth enhancement potential. The banana CyclinD2;1 (Musac;CycD2;1) was isolated from an East African highland cooking banana (AAA) cultivar “Nakasabira” and a cDNA was created by PCR using degenerated primers which was followed by genome walking. Characterization of the banana cyclin protein revealed an IWKVHAHY motif that was found to be conserved across the Musaceae family. Phylogenic analysis revealed a higher protein sequence identity of this banana cyclin to CyclinD2;1 of monocot plants than that of Arabidopsis. This cyclin was also found to be expressed highly in meristematic tissue which linked it to the cell cycle. The coding sequence was submitted to the GeneBank under accession number HQ839770. Arabidopsis and banana CyclinD2;1 gene coding sequences under the control of a constitutive promoter were used to transform embryogenic cells of the banana cultivar “Sukalindiizi” (AAB) using the Agrobacterium transformation system. A higher relative expression of Arath;CyclinD2;1 was found in the shoot than in the root apices and expression reduced transcript amounts of the endogenous banana CyclinD2;1. Plants of transformed banana line D2-41 had the highest Arath;CyclinD2;1 transcript amount and exhibited a significantly faster leaf elongation rate, better root growth, faster first leaf opening and a bigger lamina composed of bigger epidermal cells than non-transformed control plants. Banana plants transformed with Musac;CyclinD2;1 had a higher transcript amount of the transgene in the root apices when compared to the shoot apices. The higher transcript amount in the roots of plants of transformed line NKS-30 was related to faster root growth and development of an extensive root system. Overall, this study has provided evidence that expression of cyclin coding sequences in transformed banana is related to growth promotion. Specifically, Arath;CyclinD2;1 promoted shoot growth while the Musa homolog promoted root growth. Shoot and root growth phenotypes obtained in this study might have the potential to improve banana productivity in terms of short plant growth cycle, increased bunch weight, improved plant anchorage and increased plant resistance to root nematode damage. Future work should assess the produced plants in the field to allow transformed plants to exhibit their full potential and to be able to fully evaluate the vegetative and flowering phases. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Plant Science / unrestricted

No presente trabalho pretendi investigar como se deu a constituição da identidade de três jovens lideranças da comunidade da favela do Real Parque/Jardim Panorama, levando em consideração os momentos de metamorfose que cada uma delas sofreu ao longo deste processo. A fim de compreender a complexidade dos aspectos envolvidos na constituição de suas identidades como futuras docentes, recorri a autores da Psicologia, Filosofia, Sociologia e História que permitissem ampliar meu olhar psicanalítico a respeito do objeto estudado. Existia nessas jovens algo de muito peculiar que contribuiu para o processo de constituição da identidade docente - uma consciência crítica aguçada. O encontro com alguns educadores, que lhes propiciou o desenvolvimento de um pensamento crítico, permitiu-lhes um olhar questionador em relação à realidade educacional encontrada nos estágios realizados em escolas municipais, por exigência de sua formação acadêmica. Por ocasião da presente pesquisa, ofereci a elas um espaço de escuta analítica, ancorada em uma concepção dialética da relação entre psique e mundo, que lhes permitisse questionar alguns aspectos relacionados à constituição da identidade docente, a ponto de metamorfosearem-se politicamente dando lugar a uma práxis transformadora, promovendo, nesse sentido, uma verdadeira educação emancipatória. Finalmente, terminei este trabalho com a descrição da revelação da práxis dessas jovens, que se deu em meio à liderança que exerceram espontaneamente junto à comunidade do Real Parque, impedindo a desapropriação de parte da favela em que moram, ocorrida no final de 2007. / In this present work, I intended to do a research on how the identity of three young leaders of Real Parque/Jardim Panorama shantytown was constituted, and also taking into consideration the changing that each one of them suffered along the process of investigation. In order to understand the complexity of the aspects involved in the constitution of their identities as future teachers, I looked for authors of Psychology, Philosophy, Sociology and History that allowed me to expand my psychoanalytic vision concerning the object of study. There was something very special with these youngsters that contributed to the process of constitution of their teaching identity - a critical sharpened consciousness. The meeting with some educators, which provided them a critical analysis, allowed them to question the real educational system found in municipal schools due to probations required in academic graduation. At the time of this research, I offered them a space of analytical listening, based on a dialectical concept of the connection between psyche and the world, which could allow them to question some aspects related to the constitution of the teaching identity, that was about to metamorphose them politically, giving place to a changing praxis and promoting, in this sense, a real emancipate education. Finally, I finished this work with the description of the disclosure of the praxis of these youngsters, which happened within their spontaneous leadership taken over inside Real Parque community, avoiding the dispossession of part of the slum where they live in the end of 2007.

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This final thesis is a project of sports center in Brno Líšeň. This building has two floors and it is without basement. Building has irregularly-shaped floor plan. Main entrance is to ground floor. Hall with reception has no celling and it is opened up to celling of second floor. There is dominating flush facade in hall. Entrance to sanitary facilities and gym is from hall, next entrance from here is to wellness and office. Gym has higher celling height than others. This part forms ground part of building. There is staircase to second floor in the hall. In second floor there are some rooms for group physical excercising with lector. In second floor are next sanitary facilities Entrance to terrace is through gallery in second floor. Struktural system is created of sand lime blocks KM Beta. Sports center is roofed with flat roof, part of this is extensive green roof.