No description available.

In this thesis, we study quantum phase transitions and topological phases in low dimensional fermionic systems. In the first part, we study quantum phase transitions and the nature of currents in one-dimensional systems, using eld theoretic techniques like bosonization and renormalization group. This involves the study of currents in Luttinger liquids, and the fate of a persistent current in a 1D system. In the second part of the thesis, we study the different types of Majorana edge modes in a 1D p-wave topological superconductor. Further we extend our analysis to the e ect of an additional s-wave pairing and a Zeeman field on the topological properties, and present a detailed phase diagram and symmetry classification for each of the cases. In the third part, we concentrate on the topological phases in two-dimensional systems. More specifically, we study the experimental realization of SU(3) topological phases in optical lattice experiments, which is characterized by the presence of gapless edge modes at the boundaries of the system. We discuss the specific characteristics required by a such a three component Hamiltonian to have a non-zero Chern number, and discuss a schematic lattice model for a possible experimental realization. The thesis is divided into three chapters, as discussed below: In the first chapter, we study the effect of a boost (Fermi sea displaced by a finite momentum) on one dimensional systems of lattice fermions with short-ranged interactions. In the absence of a boost such systems with attractive interactions possess algebraic superconducting order. Motivated by physics in higher dimensions, one might naively expect a boost to weaken and ultimately destroy superconductivity. However, we show that for one dimensional systems the e ect of the boost can be to strengthen the algebraic superconducting order by making correlation functions fall o more slowly with distance. This phenomenon can manifest in interesting ways, for example, a boost can produce a Luther-Emery phase in a system with both charge and spin gaps by engendering the destruction of the former. In the second chapter, we study the type of Majorana modes and the topological phases that can appear in a one-dimensional spinless p-wave superconductor. We have considered two types of p-wave pairing, 4"" = 4## and 4"" = 4##., and show that in both cases two types of Majorana bound states (MBS) with different spatial dependence emerge at the edges: one purely decaying and one damped oscillatory. Even in the presence of a Zeeman term B, this nature of the MBS persists in each case, where the value of chemical potential and magnetic field B decides which type will appear. We present a corresponding phase diagram, indicating the number and type of MBS in the -B space. Further, we identify the possible symmetry classes for the two cases (based on the ten-fold classification), and also in the presence of perturbations like a s-wave pairing and various terms involving magnetic field. It is seen that in the presence of a s-wave perturbation, the MBS will now have only one particular nature, the damped oscillating behaviour, unlike that for the unperturbed p-wave case. In the third chapter, we study SU(3) topological phases in two dimension. It is shown by Barnett et.al that N copies of the Hofstadter model with 2N Abelian ux per plaquette is equivalent to an N-component atom coupled to a homogeneous non-Abelian SU(N) gauge field in a square lattice. Such models have non-zero Chern number and for N = 3, can be written in terms of the SU(3) generators. In our work, we uncover two salient ingredients required to express a general three-component lattice Hamiltonian in a SU(3) format with non-trivial topological invariant. We nd that all three components must be coupled via a gauge eld, with opposite Bloch phase (in momentum space, if the NN hopping between two components is teik, then for the other two components, this should be te ik) between any two components, and there must be band inversion between all three components in a given eigenstate. For spinless particles, we show that such states can be obtained in a tripartite lattice with three inequivalent lattice sites, in which the Bloch phase associated with the nearest neighbor hopping acts as k-space gauge eld. The second criterion is the hopping amplitude t should have an opposite sign in the diagonal element for one of the two components, which can be introduced via a constant phase ei along the direction of hopping. The third and a more crucial criterion is that there must also be an odd-parity Zeeman-like term (as k ! k, the term changes sign), i.e. sin(k) z term, where z is the third Pauli matrix defined with any two components of the three component basis. In the presence of a constant vector potential, the kinetic energy of the electron gets modified when the vector potential causes a flux to be enclosed. This can generate the desired odd parity Zeeman term, via a site-selective polarization of the vector potential. This can be achieved in principle by suitable modifications of techniques used in Sisyphus cooling, and with a suitable arrangement of polarizer plates, etc. The topological phase is a firmed by edge state calculation, obeying the bulk-boundary correspondence.

Yes / Exterior calculus with its three operations meet, join and hodge star complement, is used for the representation of fermion-hole systems and for fermionic analogues of logical gates. Two different schemes that implement fermionic quantum computation, are proposed. The first scheme compares fermionic gates with Boolean gates, and leads to novel electronic devices that simulate fermionic gates. The second scheme uses a well known map between fermionic and multi-qubit systems, to simulate fermionic gates within multi-qubit systems.

The potential impact of quantum computing has stimulated a worldwide effort to develop the necessary experimental and theoretical resources. In the race for the quantum computer, several candidate systems have emerged, but the ultimate system is still unclear. We study theoretically how to realize atomic Fock states both for fermionic and bosonic atoms, mainly in one-dimensional optical traps. We demonstrate a new approach of quantum computing based on ultracold fermionic atomic Fock states in optical traps. With the Pauli exclusion principle, producing fermionic atomic Fock states in optical traps is straightforward. We find that laser culling of fermionic atoms in optical traps can produce a scalable number of ultra-high fidelity qubits. We show how each qubit can be independently prepared, and how to perform the required entanglement operations and detect the qubit states with spatially resolved, single-atom detection with adiabatic trap-splitting and fluorescence imaging. On the other hand, bosonic atoms have a strong tendency to stay together. One must rely on strong repulsive interactions to produce bosonic atomic Fock states. To simulate the physical conditions of producing Fock states with ultracold bosonic atoms, we study a many-boson system with arbitrary interaction strength using the Bethe ansatz method. This approach provides a general framework, enabling the study of Fock state production over a wide range of realistic experimental parameters. / text

付記する学位プログラム名: 京都大学卓越大学院プログラム「先端光・電子デバイス創成学」 / 京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第24402号 / 理博第4901号 / 新制||理||1700(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科物理学・宇宙物理学専攻 / (主査)教授 川上 則雄, 教授 佐々 真一, 教授 高橋 義朗 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2017-07-10T12:20:21Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Vanuildo Silva de Carvalho - 2016.pdf: 3221594 bytes, checksum: 54ed1f03fc423dc28c894e76c771e03f (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-07-10T12:27:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Vanuildo Silva de Carvalho - 2016.pdf: 3221594 bytes, checksum: 54ed1f03fc423dc28c894e76c771e03f (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T12:27:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Vanuildo Silva de Carvalho - 2016.pdf: 3221594 bytes, checksum: 54ed1f03fc423dc28c894e76c771e03f (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-06 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / We investigate here the low-energy properties of two strongly correlated electronic models in two spatial dimensions. The first one consists in a version of the Hubbard model in which are considered just the degrees of freedom of the system in the neighborhood of the so-called hot spots, which are defined as the intersection of the Fermi surface of the model with the antiferromagnetic zone. Initially, we set our theory up by linearizing the dispersion model in hot spots and consider all the interacting processes between these regions that conserve momentum within a reciprocal-lattice wave vector. In order to access the physics of the model, we then turn to the renormalization group method of quantum field theory and derive the flow equations for the couplings in the two-loop approximation. As a result, we obtain that the Fermi surface is strongly renormalized in hot spots as the renormalized couplings flow to a non-trivial fixed point in the low-energy limit. Then we suggest that this system can be viewed as an example of a non-Fermi liquid in two spatial dimensions, due to the lack of well defined quasiparticle fermionic excitations in the region close to hot spots. Moreover, we solve the Callan-Symanzik equation for the oneparticle Green function up to two-loop order, calculate the density of states in the hot spots, and derive the renormalization group equations for the order parameters of the potential instabilities which may eventually occur in the system at lower energies. We verify that the system can be characterized, in this regime, in terms of an emergent pseudospin symmetry [SU(2)]4, which leads to the appearance of entangled orders in the region close to the non-trivial fixed point of the model. We also show that the fermionic excitations in the adjacent regions to the hot spots get a gap in both charge a spin excitation spectra. Because of this, we argue that the Fermi surface of the model can be reconstructed, leading therefore to the formation of either Fermi arcs or electronic pockets. The second model analyzed in this thesis was the three-band Emery model, which describes all the interacting processes between fermionic excitations localized in both copper (Cu) and oxygen (O) orbitals in the CuO2 unit cell. By making use of a Hubbard-Stratonovich transformation, we introduce two order parameters in the system: one for the so-called ΘII-loop-current order, which violates Z2 time-reversal symmetry, and another one for the entangled phase with dx 2 -y 2 symmetry involving the singlet superconducting instability and the quadrupole density wave order, whose wave vector points in the direction of the Brillouin zone diagonal. Minimizing the free energy of the model, we derive the self-consistent mean-field equations for these order parameters. The solution of these equations for the zero temperature regime shows that the two phases compete with themselves for the same region of the phase space and, consequently, the system tends not to display coexistence between them. We argue that this effect could be the main reason for the fact that the quadrupole density wave order has never been observed in experiments performed on the cuprate superconductors. Next, we analyze the competition between the ΘII-loop-current order, which is experimentally observed, and charge order with dx 2 -y 2 symmetry and wave vectors in the direction of the main axes of the Brillouin zone. As a result, we obtain that the system only exhibits coexistence between the ΘII-loop-current phase and the bidirectional charge order. Due to the existence of a pseudospin symmetry in this model, we also confirm that the ΘII-loop-current phase coexists with the bidirectional pair density wave order. Finally, we discuss the implications of these results for the pseudogap phase of the cuprate superconductors, which appears in the underdoped regime in these systems. / Investigamos aqui as propriedades de baixa energia de dois modelos eletrônicos fortemente correlacionados em duas dimensões espaciais. O primeiro deles consiste em uma versão do modelo de Hubbard em que são considerados apenas os graus de liberdade do sistema na vizinhança dos chamados hot spots, que são definidos como a intersecção da superfície de Fermi do modelo com a zona antiferromagnética. Inicialmente, definimos a nossa teoria linearizando a dispersão do modelo nos hot spots e consideramos todos os processos de interação entre essas regiões que conservam momento a menos de um vetor da rede recíproca. Para acessar a física do modelo, recorremos então ao método de grupo de renormalização de teoria de campos e derivamos as equações de fluxo para os acoplamentos na aproximação de dois loops. Como resultado, obtemos que a superfície de Fermi do modelo sofre forte renormalização nos hot spots, ao mesmo tempo que os acoplamentos renormalizados fluem para um ponto fixo não trivial no limite de baixa energia. Sugerimos então que esse sistema pode ser visto como um exemplo de um líquido de não-Fermi em duas dimensões espaciais, devido à ausência de excitações fermiônicas do tipo quasipartícula bem definidas na região próxima aos hot spots. Além disso, resolvemos a equação de Callan- Symanzik para a função de Green de uma partícula na aproximação de dois loops, calculamos a densidade de estados nos hot spots, e derivamos as equações de grupo de renormalização para os parâmetros de ordem das possíveis instabilidades que podem, eventualmente, ocorrer no sistema em baixas energias. Verificamos que o sistema pode ser caracterizado, nesse regime, em termos de uma simetria emergente de pseudospin [SU(2)]4, que leva ao aparecimento de ordens emaranhadas na região próxima ao ponto fixo não trivial do modelo. Mostramos também que as excitações fermiônicas nas regiões adjacentes aos hot spots adquirem um gap nos espectros de excitação de carga e spin. Devido a isso, argumentamos que a superfície de Fermi do modelo pode ser reconstruída, levando assim à formação de arcos de Fermi ou pockets eletrônicos. O segundo modelo analisado nesta tese foi o modelo de três bandas de Emery, que descreve todos processos de interação entre as excitações fermiônicas localizadas nos orbitais do cobre (Cu) e do oxigênio (O) na célula unitária de CuO2. Através de uma transformada de Hubbard-Stratonovich, introduzimos dois parâmetros de ordem no sistema: um para a chamada fase de corrente de loop do tipo ΘII, que viola a simetria de reversão temporal Z2, e outro para a fase emaranhada com simetria dx 2 -y 2 envolvendo a instabilidade supercondutora do tipo singleto e a ordem de densidade de carga quadrupolar, cujo vetor de onda aponta na direção da diagonal da zona de Brillouin. Minimizando a energia livre do modelo, derivamos as equações auto-consistentes de campo médio para esses parâmetros de ordem. A solução dessas equações para o regime de temperatura nula mostra que as duas fases competem entre si pela mesma região do espaço de fase e, consequentemente, o sistema tende a não exibir coexistência entre as mesmas. Argumentamos que esse efeito pode ser a principal razão para o fato de a fase onda de densidade quadrupolar nunca ter sido observada em experimentos realizados nos cupratos supercondutores. Em seguida, analisamos a competição entre as fases de corrente de loop do tipo ΘII, observada experimentalmente, e ordem de carga com simetria dx2-y2 e vetores de onda na direção dos eixos principais da zona de Brillouin. Como resultado, obtemos que o sistema exibe coexistência apenas entre as fases de corrente de loop do tipo ΘII e ordem de carga bidirecional. Devido à existência de uma simetria de pseudospin nesse modelo, confirmamos também que a fase de corrente de loop do tipo ΘII coexiste com a fase onda de densidade de pares bidirecional. Por fim, discutimos as implicações dos nossos resultados para a fase de pseudogap dos cupratos supercondutores, que emerge no chamado regime subdopado nesses sistemas.

Ce mémoire décrit la conception, la construction et la caractérisation d'un appareil capable de piéger et refroidir des atomes fermioniques de 6Li et 40K à des températures ultrabasses. L'étude des mélanges des gazes de Fermi dégénérés ouvre la porte vers la création des nouveaux systèmes quantiques à N corps. Nous présentons une nouvelle technique de refroidissement laser capable de refroidir simultanément 6Li et 40K à des températures sub-doppler basée sur un schéma de molasses grises fonctionnant sur la transition atomique D1. Cette stratégie améliore la densité dans le espace des phases des deux espèces atomiques à 104, la valeur la plus élevée rapportée dans la littérature pour le refroidissement laser du 6Li et du40K. L'optimisation d'un dispositif capable de transporter un nuage atomique piégé magnétiquement de l'enceinte MOT à une cellule de science est décrite. Dans cette cellule on effectue du refroidissement évaporatif d'abord dans un piège magnétique quadripolaire dont le zéro du champ est interdit par un potentiel répulsif et après dans un piège optique dipolaire. Nous rapportons la production d'un gaz quantique de Fermi dégénéré de 1.1x106 atomes de 40K dans un piège dipolaire croisé avec T/TF = 0.27,ouvrant la voie à la création des superfluides de 40K en interactions fortes. / This thesis describes the design, construction and characterization of an apparat us capable of trapping and cooling fermionic atoms of 6Li and 40K to ultracold temperatures.The study of mixtures of degenerate Fermi gases opens the door for the creation of new many-body quantum systems.We present a novel laser cooling technique able to simultaneously cool 6Li and 40K to the sub-Doppler regime based on the gray molasses scheme operating on the D1 atomic transition. This strategy enhances the phase space density of both atomic species to 104, the highest value reported in the literature for laser cooled 6Li and 40K. The optimization of a device able to transport a magnetically trapped atomic cloud from the MOT chamber to a science cell is described. In this cell evaporative cooling is performed first in a plugged magnetic quadrupole trap and then in an optical dipoletrap. We report the production of a quantum degenerate Fermi gas of 1.1x106 atoms40K in a crossed dipole trap with T/TF = 0.27, paving the way for the creation of strongly interacting superfluids of 40K.

A passagem progressiva de estados de Landau bidimensional (2D) para estados tridimensional (3D) foi estudada em Poços Quânticos Parabólicos (PQW) largos (W = 1000 6000 Å). Utilizou-se como técnica de transporte medidas da magnetoresistência em campo magnético intenso (B = 0 15 T) e inclinado ( = 0 90°; perpendicular paralelo), a baixas temperaturas (T = 50 mK). Observou-se, através da dependência angular das oscilações de Shubnikov de Haas ( = 0 90°), em PQWs cheios, várias sub-bandas ocupadas (5 a 8), a coexistência de estados de Landau 2D e 3D, sendo o gás 3D formado pelo colapso das sub-bandas elevadas, e o gás 2D pertencendo à primeira sub-banda. Através de cálculos do alargamento dos níveis de Landau devido ao espalhamento elástico ( = /2 , onde é o tempo quântico) e de cálculos auto-consistentes da energia de separação entre sub-bandas do PQW (ij = Ej Ei; e 12=12/2), obtiveram-se as condições 2 j-1,j para as sub-bandas elevadas j = 3,4,..., corroborando com as observações experimentais da coexistência de estados de Landau 2D e 3D no poço. Em PQWs parcialmente cheios, com apenas 2 sub-bandas ocupadas, observou-se, através do efeito do anticruzamento de níveis de Landau, de medidas da dependência angular da energia de ativação no regime de efeito Hall quântico, e de comparações com resultados de cálculos da estrutura eletrônica de PQWs em campo magnético inclinado, a coexistência de estados de Landau 2D e 3D, ocorrendo somente em campos intensos e com inclinação acentuada ( = 80 90°). Esta coexistência é diferente da mencionada anteriormente, quando od estados de Landau 3D são observados já em campo perpendicular. / The gradual progress, or evolution, of the two-dimensional (2D) toward three-dimensional (3D) Landau states was studied in wide parabolic quantum Wells (W = 1000 6000 Å). As transport technique, we used measurements of the magnetoresistence in intense (B = 0 15 T) and tilted ( = 0 90°; perpendicular parallel) magnetic Field at low temperature (T = 50 Mk). We observed in PQWs with Five to eight sub-bands occupied full well the coexistence of the 2D and 3D Landau states, through the angular dependence of the Shubnikov de Hass oscillation ( = 0 90°), where the 2D states belong to the lowest sub-band and the 3D states are formed by overlap of the other sub-bands. We calculated the level broadening due to the elastic scattering rate ( = /2 , where is the quantum time), and the energy separation between sub-bands (ij = Ej Ei; e 12=12/2). We obtained 2 j-1,j to j=3,4,... . This confirms the experimental observations of the coexistence of the 2D and 3D states in the well. We also measured PQWs partially full 2 sub-bands occupied. Experiments revel anticrossing of the Landau level (LL) belonging to the lowest sub-band and the last LL belonging to the second sub-band. Such antisrossuing occurs due to a decrease of the energy of the LL with tilt angle. This observation was supported by measurements of the angular dependence of the activation energy in the quantum Hall regime. In these measurements, we also observed the coexistence of the 2D and 3D Landau states. However, the coexistence only occurs at large tilt angles ( = 80 90°). Thus, it is different from the coexistence above mentioned, when 3D Landau states are observed already in the perpendicular magnetic field.

Submitted by Vasti Diniz (vastijpa@hotmail.com) on 2017-09-11T13:09:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1583885 bytes, checksum: 1b7650a627b47ca275b6bc5af085bd27 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-11T13:09:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1583885 bytes, checksum: 1b7650a627b47ca275b6bc5af085bd27 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-20 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / In this thesis, we investigate the e ect of the topology and the magnetic eld on the vacuum uctuations associated to bosonic and fermionic charged elds. Firstly, we analize the vacuum induced current densities for a bosonic eld in a (D+1)-dimensional cosmic string spacetime. For this analysis, we consider the presence of a magnetic eld along of the azimuthal and axial directions and that the z-axis is compacti ed to a circle of lenght L. This analysis is performed using the positive frequencies Wightman function, that is necessary to calculate the vacuum expectation values of the induced current densities. Our second investigation is related with fermionic elds. We investigate the expectation values of the fermionic condensate, h i, charge and current densities for a massive fermionic eld in thermal equilibrium with T temperature, with a nonzero chemical potential, . We consider the background of a (2+1)-dimensional conical spacetime and the presence of a magnetic eld in the cone apex. In this analysis, we consider two separeted cases. Firstly, we consider the case where j j 6 m and after that the case where j j > m. / Nesta tese, investigamos o efeito da topologia e de um campo magnético nas flu­tuações do vácuo associadas a campos bosônicos e fermiônicos carregados. Primeiramente, analisamos as densidades de correntes induzidas no vácuo para um campo bosônico em um espaço-tempo de uma corda cósmica com (D+1) dimensões. Para esta analise, consideramos a presença de um fluxo magnético ao longo das direções axial e azimutal e que o eixo z é com­pactificado em um circulo de comprimento L. Esta analise é realizada fazendo use da função de Wightman de frequências positivas, que é necessária para calcular os valores esperados no vácuo das densidades de correntes induzidas. Nossa segunda investigação é relacionada a campos fermiônicos. Investigamos os valores esperados do condensado fermiônico, (N), carga e densidades de corrente para u campo fermiônico massivo em equilíbrio térmico a uma temperatura T, e com um potencial químico não-nulo, µ. Consideramos um espaço-­tempo cônico em (2+1) dimensões na presença de um campo magnético no vértice do cone. Para esta analise, dois casos foram considerados separadamente. Primeiramente, considera­mos o caso em que |µ| < m, e ern seguida, o caso ern que 1p,1 > m.

Submitted by Vasti Diniz (vastijpa@hotmail.com) on 2017-09-19T13:02:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1631315 bytes, checksum: 9ca68dbec4c6690247c6d2507322f997 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-19T13:02:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1631315 bytes, checksum: 9ca68dbec4c6690247c6d2507322f997 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-07 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / In this thesis, we investigate quantum properties associated with massive fields near a cosmic string within two distinct scenarios: a Minkowski flat background, and a maximally symmetric anti-de Sitter spacetime (AdS). Initially, we present a brief review of the formalism needed in our contribution. In Minkowski spacetime, we analyze the relativistic quantum dynamics of bosonic and fermionic charged particles in the presence of a magnetic field also considering the presence of scalar potentials. In order to develop this analysis, we assume that the magnetic field is parallel to the string axis, and the scalar potentials present a cylindrical symmetry with their center on the string. Two distinct configurations for the scalar potential are considered: (i) the potential proportional to the inverse of the polar distance, and (ii) the potential linearly proportional to this distance. The energy spectra are explicitly computed for different physical situations, and their dependence on the magnetic field strength, and scalar coupling constants are presented. In the context of a string in AdS, we investigate the quantum properties of a massive fermionic field. More specifically, we calculate the fermionic condensate (FC), (4RP), and the vacuum expectation value (VEV) of the energy-momentum tensor, (T"), induced by the presence of a cosmic string. In order to develop this analysis, we consider the MIT bag boundary condition on the boundary of AdS. The FC and the VEV of the energy-momentum tensor are decomposed into pure AdS and cosmic string induced parts. The string-induced part in the VEV of the energy-momentum tensor is diagonal, and the axial, and radial stresses are equal to the energy density. For points near the cosmic string, the effects of the curvature are sub-dominant and to leading order, the VEVs coincide with the corresponding VEVs for the cosmic string in the Minkowski bulk. At large proper distances from the string, the decay of the VEVs show a power-law dependence on the distance for both massless and massive fields, in contrast to the case of a Minkowski bulk where, for a massive field, the string-induced parts decay exponentially. / Nesta tese, investigamos aspectos quanticos associados a campos de materia na vizinhanca de uma corda cosmica em dois contextos distintos: a corda cosmica no espayo-tempo piano de Minkowski e a corda cosmica no espayo-tempo maximamente simetrico de anti-de Sitter (AdS). Inicialmente, fazemos uma breve revisao do formalismo utilizado nas nossas contribuicOes. No contexto da corda em Minkowski, analisamos a dinamica quantica relativistica de particulas carregadas, bosonicas e fermionicas, na pre­senca de um campo magnetico, considerando tambem a presenca de potenciais escalares. Para desenvol­vermos esta andlise, admitimos que o campo magnetico é uniforme e paralelo a corda e que os potenciais escalares apresentam simetria cilIndrica, cujos centros estao sobre a corda cosmica. Duas configuracOes distintas para o potencial escalar sao consideradas: (i) o potencial proporcional ao inverso da distancia polar e (ii) o potencial linearmente proporcional a esta distancia. Nesse sentido os espectros de ener­gia sao obtidos exatamentes em diferentes cendrios ffsicos e sua relayao com a intensidade do campo magnetico e com as constantes de acoplamento escalares é apresentada. No contexto da corda em AdS, analisamos o comportamento quantico de um campo fermi8nico massivo. Especificamente, investiga­mos o condensado fermionico, (4RP), e valor esperado no vacuo (VEV) do tensor energia-momento, (T"), induzidos pela presenca de uma corda cosmica. Para esta andlise, impusemos a condicao de contorno da sacola do MIT, na fronteira de AdS. 0 condensado fermionico e o VEV do tensor energia­momento sao decompostos, respectivamente, em duas contribuicOes: uma induzida pelo espayo de AdS e outra induzida pela presenca da corda. No que se refere ao VEV do tensor energia-momento, a parte induzida pela corda é diagonal e as press6es radial e axial sao iguais a densidade de energia. Para pontos proximos a corda, os efeitos da curvatura sao subdominantes e o VEV do tensor energia-momento coin­cide com o correspondente na geometria de Minkowski. ia para grandes distancias proprias, os VEVs decaem de acordo com uma lei de potencia, em contraste com o caso no espayo-tempo de Minkowski onde, para um campo massivo, o termo induzido pela corda decai exponencialmente.