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While his Transcendentalist contemporaries were expounding their optimistic philosophy of natural goodness, progress, and perfectibility, Hawthorne probed into the human heart, recording the darkest motives of his characters and writing bitter criticism of life. Around him men were declaring that scientific inventions, political organizations, and religious reforms were ushering in a new era; but Hawthorne viewed the new society as a probable continuation of old evils and a manufacturer of new ones. His fiction has been called "an elaborate study of the centrifugal, . . . a dramatization of all those social and psychological forces that lead to disunion, fragmentation, dispersion, incoherence. Critics generally comment on Hawthorne's obsession with guilt. His pessimistic analysis of the mind, his somber outlook on living, and his personal tendency to solitude are frequently credited to his Puritan ancestry; yet as Arvin points out, "He had no more Puritan blood than Emerson and hundreds of other New Englanders of his time: and who will say that they were obsessed with the spectral presence of guilty. One must go beyond Calvinist theology to comprehend the source of guilt that hovers over the pages of his fiction. His religious, moral, educational, and economic background was so typical of his time and locality that one can hardly believe that the nature of his writing or thinking could have been determined by these factors. Indeed, his imperviousness to contemporary influences causes one to look intensely at his personal life in searching for the explanation of the Hawthorne enigma. An important influence on his writing was his prolonged association with women. From his life in a feminine world and his reaction to that world, he devised the major part of his style, themes, and feminine character types. A review of the facts of his biography will establish the nature of the influence that dominated him as a man and as a writer. And an analysis of his fiction will indicate the extent of that influence on his writing. Although this study will necessarily begin with a review of his life, this thesis is not another biography; for Hawthorne already has a large number of biographers. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the literary influence of his mother, sisters, wife, daughters, and women acquaintances, with particular emphasis on their relation to his themes, style, and character types.

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Some men are born to greatness, others to great tragedy. This novel is a fictional account of one of those men: the notorious Texas outlaw, Sam Bass. Set in the Old West of the 1870s, the story primarily concerns itself with events in the train robber's life from the time he owned and raced the Denton Mare to the now famous shoot-out in Round Rock, Texas. It is a story of crime and betrayal told through the eyes of Bass and one of his close confederates, Jim Murphy.

This novel of the Vietnam War examines the effects of prolonged stress on individuals and groups. The narrative, which is told from the points of view of four widely different characters, follows an infantry company through three days and two nights of combat on a small island off the coast of the northern I Corps military region. The story's principal themes are the loss of communication that contributes to and is caused by the background of chaos that arises from combat; the effect of brutal warfare on the individual spirit; and the way groups reorganize themselves to cope with the confusion of the battlefield. The thesis includes an explication of the novel, explaining some of the technical details of its production.

Thesis (M.A. (Xitsonga)) -- University of Limpopo, 2001 / Refer to document

Skolverket (2022) emphasizes how important it is to take part of different texts that highlight human terms, identities and life issues. The purpose of this study is to understand how men and women are represented in three fiction novels that are used by active Swedish teachers in high school, and what didactic potential the novels have. In addition, the intention is to create an increased understanding among teachers of the importance of gender knowledge when reading, and the literature's possibilities to be able to challenge and meet students when reading. Hence, this study is relevant for both Swedish teachers and Swedish teaching students. Our research questions are the following: “How are men and women represented in three fiction novels that are used by active Swedish teachers in high school?” and “What didactic potential from a gender perspective can be identified in the three novels?”. The method that has been used is a qualitative thematic text analysis. Furthermore, the material has been analyzed by direct and indirect characteristics as well as didactic potential. The novels were chosen based on what novels twelve Swedish teachers usually use in their teaching. Moreover, the result of this study shows that there are stereotypical and non stereotypical structures in the fiction novels, but the importance lies in how the fiction novels are used. Nevertheless, the study shows that all novels have didactic potential, as long as you criticize, twist and turn the novels. Therefore the focus should be on how to use fiction novels in teaching.

Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht Romane indianischer Autorinnen und Autoren des 20. Jahrhunderts hinsichtlich ihrer Repräsentation von Konflikten zwischen amerikanischen Ureinwohnern und der vorherrschenden christlichen Religion des allgemeinen gesellschaftlichen Umfelds. <br> Verschiedene Schwerpunkte sind zu erkennen, die im Laufe des Jahrhunderts immer wieder dargestellt und in veränderter Perspektive betrachtet werden. Sowohl historische Konflikte der Kolonialisierung und Christianisierung als auch die immerwährende Frage indianischer Christen -- 'Wie kannst Du in eine Kirche gehen, die so viele Indianer umgebracht hat?' [Alexie, Reservation Blues] -- werden in den Romanen diskutiert und in meiner Arbeit analysiert. <br> Es wird ferner versucht, eine literaturgeschichtliche Klassifizierung der einzelnen Werke entsprechend ihrer Repräsentation dieser Probleme vorzunehmen. In Anlehnung an Charles Larsons chronologisch-thematische Darstellung indianischer Prosa, werden die Kategorien rejection, (syncretic) adaptation, and postmodern-ironic revision eingeführt, um die unterschiedlichen Darstellungsweisen zu beschreiben. <br> Anhand der fünf Hauptbeispiele ist eine Entwicklung der zeitgenössischen indianischen Literatur zu beobachten, die sich von der engen Definition der 1960er und 70er Jahre zugunsten eines breiteren und vielfältigeren Ansatzes löst und dabei mittels interkultureller und intertextueller Referenzen, postmoderner Ironie, und einem neuen indianischen Selbstbewußtsein auch neue Positionen gegenüber dem Glauben der einstigen Kolonialmacht einnimmt.<br><br> Gutachter / Betreuer: Prof. Rüdiger Kunow ; Dr. Jürgen Heiß / This MA thesis examines novels by Native American authors of the 20th century in regard to their representation of conflicts between the indigenous population of North America and the dominant Christian religion of the mainstream society.<br> Several major points can be followed throughout the century, which have been presented repeatedly and discussed in various perspectives. Historical conflicts of colonization and Christianization, as well as the perpetual question of Native American Christians -- 'How can you go to a church that killed so many Indians?' [Alexie, Reservation Blues] -- are debated in these novels and analyzed in this paper.<br> Furthermore, I have tried to position and classify the works according to their representation of these problems within literary history. Following Charles Larson's chronologic and thematic examination of American Indian Fiction, the categories rejection, (syncretic) adaptation, and postmodern-ironic revision are introduced to describe the various forms of representation.<br> On the basis of five main examples, we can observe an evolution of contemporary Native American literature, which has liberated itself from the narrow definition of the 1960s and 1970s, in favor of a broader and more varied approach. In so doing, and by means of intercultural and intertextual referencing, postmodern irony, and a new Indian self-confidence, it has also taken a new position towards the religion of the former colonizer.

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