For processing the theme of dissertation were prepared two walks and one field trip. 1-he first walk is focused naturally and the second walk is focused geographically. The aim of dissertation is to provide to schoolchildren a contact with a direct surroundings of the school and a place of residence. Chosen activities lead to recognition of \tilevsko and his outskirt.

The thesis deals with science education and integrating field trip in the undergraduate chemistry curriculum. The theoretical part summarizes available information about science education and integrating field trip in the classroom, theoretical information for creation of a questionnaire and a website. The practical part analyzes results of the survey. The main result is that half of the teachers know their neighbourhood with regard to realize field trip. However they find obstacles in realization, such as price, time- consumption, knowledge of locations, students' interest, demanding organization etc. A website was created using feedback from the questionnaire as described in the next part of thesis. It contains description of locations suitable for field trip in chemistry education. The website is designed to remove at least some of the obstacles.

This diploma thesis deals with malacological research of selected forest localities in the natural park Džbán (Central Bohemia). The goal of this work is to molluscan explore composition in target area and compare results with the research of Dr. Vojen Ložek from years 1947-2010. His collections, which are deposited in the Repository of the National Museum in Prague - Horní Počernice, were processed in detail for this purpose. Obtained results enabled evaluation of changes in researched localities and the impact of such changes on composition of malacocenoses over the years. Standard malacological research was performed in selected localities of Džbán area. At 20 forest stations, we applied the method of soil samples, at 1 wetland locality we applied a method of wet washout. Collected material was further processed, determined and assessed. Altogether, 65 species of mollusc were found in selected area. Place called Cikánský dolík was chosen for the didactic part of this diploma thesis, which means a proposal for field trip of natural science. Such provided instruction is suitable for pupils from the 2nd level of basic schools. After adjustment, it can be used for younger pupils or older students. A guide containing 25 species of terrestrial snails of Džbán area was created as an aid. This guide...

I denna studie har en förståelse för åk 4-6 lärares intentioner med studiebesök inom NO-undervisningen skapats. Genom nio kvalitativa intervjuer med lärare som undervisar eller har undervisat i Malmö har följande frågeställningar undersökts: Varför väljer lärare i åk 4-6 att åka på studiebesök? samt Hur planerar lärare i åk 4-6 in studiebesök som en del av NO-undervisningen? En teori som använts i denna studie är formellt och informellt lärande, det formella är klassrumsundervisningen medan det informella representerar studiebesök. Ytterligare en teori som har använts är Field Trip Pedagogy, vilket innebär hur studiebesök planeras in i undervisningen. Teorin betonar vikten av logistiska och administrativa förberedelser, samt att det finns ett samspel i den undervisning som bed-rivs före, under och efter ett studiebesök. Utifrån en fenomenografisk ansats visar resul-tatet att lärares intentioner med studiebesök i NO-undervisningen avser att skapa en varierad undervisning i klassrummet för att gynna elevernas kunskapsinlärning. Lärare åker på studiebesök för att ge eleverna möjligheten att uppleva och få se att det som tas upp i klassrummet finns på riktigt, ett resultat som styrker den tidigare forskningen. I resultatet lyfts faktorer som påverkar genomförandet av studiebesök där framförallt sko-lans läge, budget samt säkerhet är centrala. Studiebesök och den undervisning som bed-rivs före och efter besöket överensstämmer med läroplanen. Enligt resultatet är under-visningen som sker efter besöket i störst fokus. Gemensamt i både den tidigare forsk-ningen och resultatet i denna studie är att lärarna är överens om att den planering som ett studiebesök kräver leder till någonting positivt. / The purpose of this study has been to develop an understanding of teachers’ intentions regarding field trips within their science education. Through nine qualitative interviews with teachers who work or have been working in Malmö, following research questions have been studied: Why do grade 4-6 teachers choose to go on field trips and How do grade 4-6 teachers incorporate field trips within their science education. One of the theo-ries that have been central throughout this study is Formal and Informal Learning where formal learning is linked to classroom teaching and informal learning represents field trips. The second theory that have been used is Field Trip Pedagogy which relates to how field trips are incorporated in the classroom. When planning a field trip that is con-nected to the classroom it’s essential with logistic and administrative preparations, but also the teaching that is applied to before, during and after the field trip. From a phe-nomenographic approach, the results show that teachers’ intentions with field trips in their science education pertains to create a varied education experience in the classroom to favor the students learning. Teachers take their students on field trips to give them the opportunity to have first-hand experiences, to show them that what is talked about in the classroom exists for real, something that is supported in the literature review. In the result there are prominent factors that affect the implementation of field trips where the school’s location, budget and students’ safety are central. Field trips and the teach-ing that takes place before, during and after the visit is aligned with the curriculum. Ac-cording to the result the teaching that occurs after the field trip is prioritized.

Although other research has addressed some features of successful school group visits to museums, such as preparation and follow up and emphasis on first-hand experience, there has been little research on the practices being used by the teachers who take their classes to the museums. I examined how teachers from five schools conducted their visits to one of four museums (Scibono Discovery Centre, HartRAO, Johannesburg Planetarium or Adler Museum) with their learners. The case study involved observing the five teachers before, during and after the visit and interviewing them before and after the visit. The data were analysed using communities of practice theory to determine the practices of the selected teachers. An in-depth analysis of the five teachers’ interviews and observations was done both for the rich data it provided and for triangulation purposes. The analysis shows that three teachers had what was described as task-oriented preparation while the other two had learning-oriented preparation. One teacher preparation was also described as not directly about the visit. The analysis further shows that four teachers were observed to have no interaction with their learners in some instance. Three teachers had learning oriented interaction with their learners at the museums. Three teachers were also observed controlling the behaviour of their learners. Furthermore, the analysis shows that the purposes and objectives of the field trips as given by teachers were for entertainment, edutainment,curriculum, interactive, career and tradition. Lastly, teachers follow up activities were described as either task-oriented or learning-oriented. The study shows that some teachers are old timers while others are newcomers in the community of teachers who take their classes to the museums.

TITLE: Leeches (Hirudinea) and Their Usage in Teaching AUTHOR: Bc. Anna Koldová DEPARTMENT: Biology and Environmental Studies, Faculty od Education Charles University SUPERVISOR: Mgr. Dagmar Říhová, Ph.D. ANNOTATION This diploma thesis is focused on leeches (Annelida: Hirudinea) in the Czech Republic. It provides a description of all species occurring in the Czech Republic, as well as the key to their classification into families. A detailed guideline about the organization of field trip and implementation of extracurricular teaching is part of this thesis. The field trip is focused on sampling, observation and determination of leeches in an excursion to a site with a traditional occurrence of the European medical leech Hirudo medicinalis - national nature reservation Hrabanovská černava. In addition, the work defines the advantages, disadvantages and other possibilities of application of the proposed program, and the inclusion of extracurricular education. KEYWORDS the European medicinal leech, Annelida, field trip, extracurricular lessons, Hrabanovská černava

As zoos and aquariums have become increasingly focused on conservation education, their menageries of unique and diverse learning opportunities have been underutilized. Through a new postsecondary-level animal behavior laboratory experience at an aquarium (“ZooU”), this study demonstrates that active learning pedagogy aligned with the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) could facilitate expansion of education at zoos and aquariums beyond their conservation education niche. Generally, students indicated that ZooU provided new opportunities for them to explore their own interests, demonstrate their learning, and augment their previous laboratory and aquarium experiences. Following both self- and researcher assessments of the students’ work, integrated analyses revealed that students who engaged in more active learning activities at the aquarium demonstrated a greater increase in skills aligned with the NGSS. Additionally, a novel intra-individual analysis was utilized to embrace the variation between learners that typically confounds the results of education studies with repeated measures design. Common challenges for education at zoos and aquariums are discussed through the context of ZooU as a foundation for future investigations. A practical NGSS-aligned guide to field trips at zoos and aquariums—written specifically for science teachers—is also included to support broader utilization of zoos and aquariums as educational resources.

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Botanical gardens perform a wide variety of functions, from which one of the most important is an educational function. They provide to visitors a large range of services such as guided tours, a variety of educational programs, worksheets etc. The same applies to the Botanical garden of Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague. The main aim of the thesis was to prepare worksheets concerning expositions of aquatic and marsh plants in already mentioned botanical garden, verify them on students and adjust them to final forms. The results of the thesis are two different versions (spring and autumn) of the worksheets as well as author's solution and methodological manual for teachers. Within the thesis I also implemented the questionnaire survey where I dealt with the issue of teaching the theme of aquatic and marsh plants at Czech grammar schools and examined the attitude of teachers to field trips during botany teaching. Key words: botanical garden, worksheet, aquatic and marsh plants, field trip, questionnaire

This diploma thesis has aimed to elaborate a nature trail in the area of Klánovice Forest, which is the part of a nature park Klánovice - Čihadla in the eastern part of Prague and to complete the trail with electronic educational materials. The nature trail itself will consist of tagg stops enabling visitors to download texts and materials into their cell phones or tablets. The texts of the stops are supplemented with educational presentations, school work sheets and field work sheets. The content of the stops and related teaching materials have been prepared in accordance with systematic teaching of natural history and biology at primary schools and lower grades of grammar schools. The thesis also contains the results of a questionnaire survey of pupils' attitudes towards the use of modern technology at class; 213 questionnaires have been evaluated in total in the years 2008, 2009, 2011 and 2013. The last part of the thesis and appendices contain own texts of stops and related educational materials. In spring 2014 this trail will be realized and educational materials will become a part of the texts on the individual stops and will be available to wide public. Key words: Klánovice Forest, field trip, nature trail, electronic educational materials