Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1997. / Typescript. Leaf 6 not included in numbering but content is complete. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 73-79). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2000. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xv, 405 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 199-208).

Thesis (M.S.)--Brock University, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 98-116).

Thesis (M. Med. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 2006.

Orientador: Vanderlan da Silva Bolzani / Banca: Marcia Nasser Lopes / Banca: José Angelo Slveira Zuanazzi / Banca: Horácio Adolfo Heinzen Gozález / Resumo: Os testes biológicos realizados por pesquisadores colaboradores do NuBBE para as espécies selecionadas para este estudo Brosimum glaziovii e Kielmeyera variabilis indicaram K. variabilis como uma importante fonte de metabólitos especiais bioativos. O fracionamento bioguiado da fração AcOEt dos galhos de K. variabilis para isolamento de substâncias com potencial antimalárico foi realizado via teste químico com -hematina e in vitro com Plasmodium falciparum, levando a identificação das xantonas oxigenadas 3,6-diidroxi-1,4,8-trimetoxixantona, 3,5-diidroxi-4-metoxixantona, 3,4-diidroxi-6,8-dimetoxixantona, 3,4-diidroxi-2-metoxixantona, 5-hidroxi-1,3- dimetoxixantona, 2,3-dimetoxi-4-hidroxixantona, 3-hidroxi-2-metoxixantona e 2-hidroxi- 1-metoxi-xantona e o xantonolignóide kielcorina. Dentre as substâncias isoladas, o xatonolignóide kielcorina foi considerado ativo quando comparado ao padrão cloroquina. A avaliação do potencial tripanocida também foi realizada para as xantonas isoladas e dentre estas, a 3,4-diidroxi-2-metoxixantona foi a mais ativa, principalmente para a cepa resistente ao benzonidazol (cepa Bolívia). Na fração EHFB das folhas de B. glaziovii foi observado o potencial antichagásico desta espécie. Os resultados observados para os ensaios antioxidantes levaram ao isolamento dos flavonóides quercitrina, podocarpusflavona A e da mistura de quercetina-3-Oglicosídeo e quercetina-3-O-galactosídeo, evidenciando a importância dos grupos catecólicos na potencialização da ação antioxidante. O estudo bioguiado pela atividade antimicrobiana com seis cepas de Staphylococcus aureus resistentes à meticilina culminou no isolamento de um derivado prenilado do floroglucinol (HGK-1) o qual demonstrou ser responsável pela potente atividade demonstrada pela fração hexânica dos galhos de K. variabilis. As xantonas isoladas tiveram seu potencial antimicrobiano... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Several biological activities have been carried out by NuBBE's collaborators aiming the identification of active extracts from plant species, and Brosimum glaziovii and Kielmeyera variables showed to be important sources of bioactive secondary metabolites. Bio-guided fractionation of the EtOAc bioactive fraction of the branches of K. variabilis by using of the chemical test -hematin, and in vitro by using of Plasmodium falciparum, led to the isolation and identification of oxygenated xanthones 3,6-dihydroxy-1,4,8-trimethoxyxanthone, 3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyxanthone, 3,4- dihydroxy-6,8-dimethoxyxanthone, 3,4-dihydroxy-2-methoxyxanthone, 1,3-dimethoxy- 5-hydroxyxanthone, 2,3-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyxantona, 3-hydroxy-2-methoxyxanthone and 2-hydroxy-1-methoxyxanthone and xantonolignoid kielcorin. Among the compounds isolated, the xatonolignoid keilcorine indicated activity when compared to the standard chloroquine. The assessment of potential trypanocidal was also a part of this work and among the isolated xanthones, 3,4-dihydroxy-2-methoxyxanthone showed to be the most active, especially against the resistant strain to benzonidazole (Bolivia strain). In hexane fraction of leaves from B. glaziovii was noted antichagasic potencial for this specie. The antioxidant test used in this study led to the isolation of several flavonoids with antioxidant activity: quercitrin, podocarpusflavone A and the mixture of quercetin-3-O-glucoside and quercetin-3-O-galactoside, showing the importance of catechol group for the potentiating of antioxidant activity. The bio-guided antimicrobial activity using six strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus resulted in the isolation of the prenylated phloroglucinol derivative (HGK-1), which proved to be responsible for the potent activity exhibited by the hexane extract of the branches of K. variabilis. The xanthones isolated were evaluated... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-06-21Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:49:51Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 caruso_ip_me_sjrp.pdf: 554320 bytes, checksum: da36f99ee0291c4e6b0bfd47dba308c0 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Os flavonóides são uma grande classe de polifenóis ocorrendo de forma natural amplamente distribuídos nas plantas, essas moléculas exibem algumas atividades farmacológicas importantes como anti-inflamatória, antioxidante, anticancerígena e antibacteriana. A interação entre os flavonóides Rutina (Ru) e Guaijaverina (Gua) e a Albumina do Soro Humano (HSA) em pH 7,0 fisiológico foi investigado usando a técnica de espectroscopia de fluorescência de estado estacionário, cálculo ab initio e de modelagem molecular. A partir da supressão de fluorescência da HSA pelos flavonóides, a constante de supressão de Stern-Volmer ( SVK ) e sua forma modificada ( aK ) foram calculadas em 298, 303 e 308 K, como também os parâmetros termodinâmicos correspondentes H , G e S , para cada flavonóide. A análise do equilíbrio de ligação foi utilizada para determinar os valores do número de sítios de ligação ( n ) e a constante de ligação ( bK ) para a Rutina e a Guaijaverina em 298, 303 e 308 K. A distância média entre o doador (HSA-214Trp ) e o aceitador (Ru e Gua) foi estimada de acordo com a teoria de transferência de energia ressonante fluorescente. A otimização geométrica dos flavonóides Rutina e Guaijaverina foi realizada nos seus estados fundamentais usando o funcional DFT/B3LYP ab initio com um conjunto de bases 6-31G(d,p) utilizado nos cálculos. O cálculo de modelagem molecular indica que os flavonóides se localizam no sítio I da HSA, dentro do bolso hidrofóbico do subdomínio IIA. Os resultados teóricos obtidos pela modelagem molecular corroboram com os dados de espectroscopia de fluorescência / Flavonoids are a large class of naturally occurring polyphenols widely distributed in plants, these molecules exhibit some important pharmacological activities like anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial. The interaction between Rutina and Guaijaverin flavonoids and Human Serum Albumin (HSA) at physiological pH 7.0 was investigated by using the technique of fluorescence spectroscopy, ab initio and molecular modeling calculation. From the fluorescence quenching of the HSA by flavonoids, the Stern-Volmer quenching constant ( SVK ) and its modified form ( aK ) were calculated at 298 , 303 and K308 , as well as the corresponding thermodynamic parameters H , G and S , for each flavonoid. Analysis of binding equilibria was utilized to determine the number of binding sites ( n ) and binding constants ( bK ) values for Rutin and Guaijaverin at 298 , 303 and K308 . The average distance between donor (HSA-214Trp ) e acceptor (Ru and Gua) was estimated according to the theory of fluorescence resonance energy transfer. The geometry optimization of Rutin and Guaijaverin flavonoids was performed in its ground state by using ab initio DFT/B3LYP functional with a 6-31G(d,p) basis set applied in calculations. Molecular modeling calculation indicated that the flavonoids are located in site I of HSA, within the hydrophobic pocket of the subdomain IIA. The theoretical results obtained by molecular modeling are corroborated by the fluorescence spectroscopy data

The genus Cannabis has been treated taxonomically by several authors, but two main hypotheses predominate. Small and Cronquist (1976) concluded that the genus is monotypic and contains only Cannabis sativa L. Subspecies were named according to the economic purpose of the plants, i.e. fibre or drug, and varieties were assigned according to habitat (wild or cultivated). Schultes (1974) believed the genus is polytypic, with Cannabis sativa L. representing the fibre plants, C. indica Lam, the drug plants, and C. ruderalis Janis. the wild and weedy plants. A study of flavonoid variation was undertaken to determine which of the taxonomic schemes would be supported by this variation. Individual plants were examined by thin-layer chromatography and presence/absence data for nine flavonoids were analyzed by three types of computer programs. The infraspecific variation of flavonoids in the genus Cannabis supports the monotypic theory of Small and Cronquist (1976). No consistent, distinguishable groups were noticeable in the data. Wild taxa were more closely related to their cultivated progenitors than they were to each other. A division of the genus Cannabis into several species would not be supported by flavonoid variation. / Science, Faculty of / Botany, Department of / Graduate

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In an effort to test the feasibility of intracellular expression of enzyme-targeted antibodies to alter metabolism, recombinant antibody fragments in the single-chain format (scFv) were isolated from a phage display library using Arabidopsis chalcone isomerase (CHI) of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway as the antigen. Each of the genes encoding the scFv's was cloned into a plant transformation vector, which was subsequently used to generate transgenic plants. One transgenic line with low expression of one of the scFv's appeared to have an altered flavonoid metabolism, as evidenced by a reduced capacity for anthocyanin accumulation and a reduction in flavonol glycosides in seedlings. Strong corroborating evidence that implicated the binding of scFv to CHI in the phenotypic alterations was obtained from protein mobility shift assays. Taken together, the results indicate that scFv-mediated metabolic alteration is possible in plants. Thus, we show that intracellular expression of scFv's can be exploited as an additional tool for metabolic engineering. / Ph. D.