Flexibilisation of labour markets has been one of the significant outcomes of the neoliberal transformation processes in all over world. This development, which is indeed one of aims of the neoliberal reforms as well, has been comprehended differently by liberal Institutionalist and critical Marxist perspectives. According to the liberal Institutionalists, the flexibilisation of labour can generate positive results for labour, while for the scholars of Marxist tradition the flexibilisation of labouring processes has to be understood in relation to capitalist concerns to ensure better command of capital over labour. This thesis investigates the validity of these approaches by focusing on the working conditions of one of the most flexible parts of world labour, the home-based women workers. On the basis of ten in-depth interviews conducted with the home-based women labourers living in the Tuzlu&ccedil / ayir district of Ankara, it states that liberal Institutionalist arguments on the flexibilization of labour markets are hard to be approved. For the home-based woman labourers in Tuzlu&ccedil / ayir in no way represent a group with autonomy and enhanced skills though their gender has provided their employers with ample opportunities for exploitation, opportunities which are not available in the case of the male workers. In dialogue with the feminist approaches to home-based woman labourers, this thesis shows how in home-based working women&rsquo / s exploitation as labourers has become articulated with their gender-based social subordination vis-&agrave / -vis their husbands, brothers and/or fathers in their families.

Cette thèse analyse les mutations du travail et de l’emploi et par conséquent, les mutations de la protection des travailleurs licenciés dans les Entreprises Publiques (EP) rendues privées au Gabon. Ce faisant, elle tente de lire les mutations (licenciements, pertes d’emplois) intervenues après la privatisation. Mais face à ces mutations, quelle est la politique d’emploi au Gabon? Quels accompagnements (plans sociaux) pour un retour à l’emploi ? Aussi, par quels processus et mécanismes la privatisation entraîne-t-elle les mutations d’emploi dans les EP rendues privées? L’hypothèse est que la faiblesse des politiques d’accompagnements et de protection des travailleurs initiées par le gouvernement en vue de lutter officiellement contre la précarité du travail et du chômage, lors des mouvements de privatisations au-delà des considérations du droit du travail, explique ces mutations. C’est ce que nous tentons de cerner au niveau de la SEEG, de la SETRAG et de la SUCAF-Gabon à partir d’une démarche qui prend en compte les approches quantitatives et qualitatives d'une manière empirique / This thesis analyzes the changes in work and employment and therefore the changes in the protection of workers dismissed in the Public Enterprises (EP) made private in Gabon. Thus this thesis tries to understand the mutations (layoffs, job losses, outsourcing, subcontracting) that occurred after privatization. But in front of these changes at work, what is the employment policy in Gabon? What social supports are used for returning into employment? By what processes and mechanisms, the privatization causes the transformations of employment in public enterprises made private? The assumption is that the weakness of social policies and protection of workers introduced by the government to fight officially against precarity and the unemployment during the movements of privatizations beyond the consideration of labor law policy explains these mutations. This is what we try to understand from the companies SEEG, SETRAG and SUCAF GABON by an approach that takes into account both quantitative and qualitative approaches in an empirical way.

The thesis deals with the general problematic aspects of posting workers within the European Union in connection with the European Commission's proposal for a revision of Directive 96/71/EC and analyses the structure of selected discourse in the debate on the given proposal. Posting, in this thesis, is regarded as a specific manifestation of the phenomenon of deterritorialization, with an emphasis on posting workers to the Czech Republic. The phenomenon of deterritorialization is considered here in three basic forms: firstly, as the deterritorialization of the modern (European) state, secondly as the deterritorialization of its borders, and thirdly as the deterritorialization of labour. The thesis employs the method of critical discourse analysis and the discourse-historical approach developed by Ruth Wodak. It focuses on an analysis of the social, historical and political context of the issue of posting workers using selected theories dealing with the phenomenon of deterritorialization and posting workers in the EU. The main part of the thesis is an analysis of the reactions and discourse strategies of selected Czech stakeholders regarding the proposal for a revision of Directive 96/71/EC, in particular that of selected government representatives. The aim of the thesis is to demonstrate, using the...

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-10-07T12:15:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 isaurabarbosadeoliveira.pdf: 1026569 bytes, checksum: 707e08f63c7380f84479aa499c41a57e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-10-07T12:19:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 isaurabarbosadeoliveira.pdf: 1026569 bytes, checksum: 707e08f63c7380f84479aa499c41a57e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-07T12:19:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 isaurabarbosadeoliveira.pdf: 1026569 bytes, checksum: 707e08f63c7380f84479aa499c41a57e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-09-11 / Essa dissertação buscou retomar a histórica relação entre capital e trabalho que, num mundo capitalista dominado pelo ideário neoliberal, continua a inquietar e a causar perplexidade àqueles que se preocupam com a imensa desigualdade social, econômica e política advinda dessa realidade. Abordou, em traços gerais, a atuação do Estado nesse contexto, tendo em vista este permitir que as relações de trabalho sejam cada vez mais precarizadas pelos detentores dos meios de produção que têm o claro objetivo de majorarem seus lucros e de se inserirem na internacional competição mercadológica. Buscou-se analisar, ademais, dentro desse cenário socioeconômico, o papel do Direito, especialmente do Direito do Trabalho, por este ter como filosofia institucional a proteção da classe trabalhadora. Assim, esse estudo perquiriu o movimento, advindo da lógica neoliberal, em prol da flexibilização desses direitos, responsável por reduzir sobremaneira as garantias então asseguradas pelo Estado. A partir daí, começou-se a discutir o caráter contraditório do ramo jurídico, por entender que este está inserido na mesma lógica do capital, possibilitando o implemento de políticas deterioradoras dos direitos dos trabalhadores. Toda essa reflexão acerca da precarização das relações de trabalho e da flexibilização do Direito do Trabalho foi ratificada através da apresentação da análise empírica realizada através de jurisprudências consultadas no site do Tribunal Regional do Trabalho com jurisdição no Estado de Minas Gerais. Tal pesquisa permitiu observar o caráter legitimador do Direito quando este admite a possibilidade de contratação de trabalhadores pelas modalidades criadas para substituir a original contratação formal de trabalhadores, não protegendo, contudo, a parte hipossuficiente daquela relação jurídica. / The primary aim of this research is the historical relationship between capital and labour. In a capitalist world dominated by neoliberal ideology, this dichotomy still raises perplexity and concern on those who worry about the economical, political and social inequalities in capital-labour relations. This dissertation begins with a general approach on the actions of the State. Considering the absence of State intervention in the economy, this will lead to the precariousness of employment relationships and to the increasing capitalist exploitation of the work force. This context only favours the capitalist’s purposes of increasing its profits and taking part in the international competition market. This essay also intended to analyse the role of law - especially the Labour Law, due to its institutional philosophy focusing on the protection of the working class - in this economic scenario. Moreover, this study investigates the flexibilisation process of labour relations, a movement fostered by neo-liberal logic that advocates the deregulation of worker’s rights and constitutional guarantees. This flexibilisation process triggered the debate upon the contradictory character of labour law, because it is conceived under the logic of capitalist ideology, which justifies a number of policies to collaborate with the degrading of workers’ rights. All this reflection on the precariousness of labour relations and the flexibilisation of the Labour Law was confirmed by the empirical analysis carried out in order to select judicial decisions at site of the Regional Labour Court with jurisdiction in the State of Minas Gerais. This research led to the conclusion that Law is an important means of legitimizing the possibility of hiring workers by methods designed to replace the original formal labour contracts. However, in this context of flexibilisation, the weaker part of this legal relationship remains unprotected.

Cette thèse se compose de trois essais empiriques qui contribuent à la littérature sur la political economy et économie du travail. Le premier chapitre analyse comment les effets du changement dans le degré de fédéralisme fiscal sur la composition de la dépense publique au niveau municipal dépend de la qualité des institutions ex-. Le deuxième chapitre se concentre sur la définition de la classe moyenne à l'aide de l'approche fondée sur les actifs et étudie comment, selon cette définition, les composantes du revenu et de la richesse se répartissent à travers les classes au fil du temps. Le troisième chapitre étudie plutôt comment la flexibilisation du marché du travail affecte le bien-être des travailleurs à l'entrée et au début de leur carrière. Les trois essais sont basés sur l'Italie pour faire la lumière sur trois sujets largement discutés tant au niveau académique que politique. / This thesis consists of three empirical essays that contribute to the literature on political economy and on labor economics. The first chapter analyzes how the effects of changes in the decree of fiscal federalism and mafia penetration on the composition of public expenditure at the municipal level depends on ex-ante institutional quality. The second chapter focus on the definition of the middle class using the asset based approach and studies how, according to this definition, income and wealth components distribute across classes over time. The third chapter, instead, studies how labor market flexibilisation affected workers well-being at entry and during the early career. All three essays are based on Italy to shed light on three topics widely discussed both at the academic and policy level.