Google and Apple together are ruling the mobile phone industry with their operating systems, Android and iOS. Any mobile application willing to reach the vast majority of end-users, need to be run on both platforms. The issue, however, arises when considering that fact that developing an application for each platform requires different knowledge and code base. Cross-platform frameworks are emerged to overcome the mentioned issue by providing the possibility to develop a mobile application which works on multiple platforms with potentially a single code base.To investigate the capabilities of cross-platform frameworks, three frameworks were chosen to be compared; React Native backed by Facebook, Xamarin owned by Microsoft, and Flutter developed by Google. The chosen frameworks have been compared in the context of OTT Videooriented mobile applications. As a reference application OTT Flow, an OTT Video application developed by Accedo, has been used.The findings in this thesis shows that Xamarin is not a good choice for the purpose of this thesis since no advantages were witnessed in most of the criteria. React Native and Flutter, on the other hand, offer promising features which suit developing OTT applications. When considering the video-specific functionalities, however, React Native stood out slightly better. In fact, even though React Native is possibly the best choice among the mentioned frameworks for developing OTT Video-oriented mobile applications, the cross-platform frameworks are not mature enough in terms of video-specific functionalities support yet. / Google och Apple dominerar mobiltelefonindustrin tillsammans med sina operativsystem, Android och iOS. En mobilapplikation som eftersträvar att nå majoriteten av slutanvändarna måste gå att köra på båda plattformarna. Problem uppstår emellertid när man överväger det faktum att utveckla en applikation för varje plattform kräver olika kunskaper och kodbas. Ramverk för utveckling mot flera plattformar finns för att övervinna problemet genom att erbjuda möjlighet att utveckla en mobilapplikation som fungerar på flera plattformar med eventuellt en enda kodbas.För att undersöka kapaciteten hos plattformsramverk, valdes tre ramverk ut för att jämföras: React Native stött av Facebook, Xamarin ägt av Microsoft och Flutter utvecklat av Google. De valda ramverken har jämförts i samband med OTT Videoorientede mobila applikationer. Som referens användes OTT Flow, en OTT Videoapplikation utvecklad av Accedo.Resultaten i detta arbete visar att Xamarin inte är ett bra val för syftet med detta arbete eftersom inga fördelar sågs i de flesta kriterierna. React Native och Flutter, å andra sidan, erbjuder lovande funktioner som passar för att utveckla OTT applikationer. När man överväger de videospecifika funktionerna stod emellertid React Native ut lite bättre. Faktum är att även om React Native kanske är det bästa valet bland de nämnda ramverken för att utveckla OTT Video-orienterade mobila applikationer, så är de ramverken ännu inte mogna nog i termer av stöd för videospecifika funktioner.

DYAMO is a company who strive to empower students to succeed in their studies by setting them up with a mentor that the student can depend on for motivation and help. Furthermore, the students should be able to stay anonymous to the mentors. However, DYAMO does not yet have their own platform to work with. This report will serve as a rundown of how the app, specifically made for DYAMO, was developed. This will later be compared to the initial expectations set out before work on the app started. Finally, there will be some suggestions for what could be further developed in the app for the future. The app serves as a place where an adept (student) can communicate with their mentor by sending texts, files (including images and video) and receive reward-stickers. The responsibility of assigning and managing these conversations lies with the admins and moderators. A school management system is also in place, making it easier to manage and delegate responsibilities within said schools. The app mostly delivered on the final expectations, which exceeded the initial somewhat conservative expectations. The one thing not achieved being that notifications on some devices do not work with the app in the background. / DYAMO stravar efter att mojliggora for studenter att lyckas med sina studier genom att para ihop dem med en mentor som studenten kan lita p_a for motivation och hjalp. Studenten ska dessutom kunna forbli anonym gentemot mentorn, dock har inte DYAMO annu n_agon egen app att utfora detta med. Den har rapporten kommer att agera som en genomg_ang av hur appen, som var speci_kt gjord for DYAMO, blev utvecklad. Detta kommer senare att jamforas med de ursprungliga forvantningarna som sattes innan utvecklingen av appen p_aborjades. Slutligen, kommer det _nnas n_agra forslag p_a vad som skulle kunna vidare jobbas p_a om utvecklingen av appen skulle fortsatta. Appen fungerar s_a att en adept (student) kan kommunicera med en mentor genom att skicka text-meddelanden, _ler (inklusive bilder och videor) och ta emot beloningsklisterm arken. Ansvaret av att tilldela och hantera konversationer faller hos admins och moderatorer. Ett skolhanteringssystem _nns ocks_a p_a plats, for att underlatta hantering och delegering av ansvar inom skolorna. Appen levererade mestadels p_a de slutgiltiga forvantningarna, som i sin tur overskred de ursprungliga n_agot konservativa forvantningarna. Det enda som inte uppfylldes var att noti_kationerna p_a vissa enheter inte fungerar nar appen kors i bakgrunden.

The first decision in an application development project is choosing the application development platform. Until recently, native application development was the dominant development platform used. The recent increase in popularity of cross-platform development has made this decision to choose between native and cross platform development platforms even more difficult. There is a problem of a lack of guidelines on choosing between native and cross platform development. This lack of guidelines can lead companies to incur costs since application development is a time and money intensive process. The purpose of the thesis is to provide guidelines on when to choose between native application development and cross platform development. This thesis utilized qualitative methods to perform a comparative analysis between native and cross platform development. This analysis was done by building a weather application using native platform development and Flutter, which is the cross-platform development tool we have chosen. We used five comparative criteria to perform the comparative analyses. The results of the thesis are the set of guidelines that are obtained by performing a comparative analysis between native and cross platform development using five comparative criteria. These results will aid people involved in the application development process in making an informed decision of what development platform to use. / Det första beslutet i ett applikationsutvecklingsprojekt är att välja applikationsutvecklingsplattform. Fram tills nyligen var inbyggd applikationsutveckling den dominerande plattformen som användes. Det ökande populariteten för plattformsoberoende utveckling har gjort det ännu svårare att välja mellan inhemska och plattformsoberoende utvecklingsplattformar. Det finns en brist på riktlinjer för att välja mellan inbyggd och plattformsoberoende utveckling. Denna brist på riktlinjer kan leda till kostnader för företag eftersom applikationsutveckling är en tids- och resurskrävande process. Syftet med rapporten är att tillhandahålla riktlinjer för när man ska välja mellan inbyggd applikationsutveckling och plattformsoberoende utveckling. Denna rapport använde kvalitativa metoder för att utföra en jämförande analys mellan inbyggd och plattformsoberoende utveckling. Denna analys utfördes genom att bygga en väderapplikation med inbyggd apputveckling och Flutter, som är det plattformsoberoende utvecklingsverktyget vi har valt. Vi använde fem jämförande kriterier för att utföra de jämförande analyserna. Resultaten av rapporten är den uppsättning riktlinjer som erhålls genom att utföra en jämförande analys mellan nativ apputveckling och tvärplattformsutveckling med hjälp av fem jämförande kriterier. Dessa resultat kommer att hjälpa personer som är involverade i applikationsutvecklingsprocessen att fatta ett välgrundat beslut om vilken utvecklingsplattform de ska använda

Syftet med denna avhandling var att undersöka och utvärdera vilka val utvecklare bör göra vid skapandet av mobila applikationer. Vidare var målet att hitta lämpliga ersättare för Android delen i kursen HI1033 Mobila applikationer och trådlösa nät på Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan. För att åstadkomma detta utvärderades de mest populära plattformsoberoenderamverken på marknaden, Flutter och React, tillsammans med traditionella och nya ’native’ alternativ som Jetpack Compose. Granskningen av mobilapplikationerna inkluderade utvärderingar av utseende, tidsåtgång, komplexitet, dokumentation, stabilitet, kodlängd samt genomförbarhet bland många. Applikationerna utvecklades med dessa i åtanke, men krävdes också att följa de obligatoriska kraven för mobila applikationskursen. Detta för att ge svar på om dessa varianter kunde anpassas i kursen för framtida klasser. Om applikationerna inte kunde följa kursens krav var tillvägagångsättet sannolikt inte ett genomförbart alternativ. Resultaten visade att, tillskillnad från Jetpack Compose är Flutter betydligt svårare och mer komplicerat att implementera. Det har potential, men det saknar komplex funktionalitet till Blåtand-sensorer och mer specifika ’native’ funktioner.  I jämförelsen med Jetpack Compose och traditionell Android utveckling i denna fråga visades det att Jetpack Compose var både enklare och mindre tidskrävande, kortare i kodlängd men även kunde replikeras på utseendet. Därför är Jetpack Compose ett bra alternativ för att bygga ’native’ applikationer samtidigt som det uppfyller kraven för HI1033 Mobila applikationer och trådlösa nät. / The purpose of this thesis was to study and evaluate what choices developers must make when creating mobile applications. Further, the aim is to find a suitable replacement for the Android part of the course in HI1033 Mobile Applications and Wireless Networks at the KTH Royal institute of Technology. To accomplish this, the most popular cross-platform frameworks on the market, Flutter and React, along with traditional and new native alternatives such as Jetpack Compose, were evaluated.  The examination of the mobile applications included evaluations of appearance, time consumption, complexity, stability, and feasibility among many. The applications were developed with this in mind, however, they needed to also follow the mandatory requirements of the mobile application course to provide answers as to whether these variants could be adapted in the course’s future classes. If the applications could not meet the course's requirements, then the approach was likely not a viable one. The results indicated that, unlike Jetpack Compose, Flutter is significantly more difficult and cumbersome to implement. It has potential, but it’s missing complex functionality for Bluetooth sensors and more specifically certain native functionalities. Comparing Jetpack Compose with traditional android development in this question proved that the newer Jetpack Compose was both easier, less time-consuming, and more stable to use. Therefore, Jetpack Compose is a good alternative for building native mobile applications, but also for the future classes in HI1033 Mobile Application and Wireless Networks.

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A dissertação elabora a análise de alguns contos de João Antônio com a intenção de traçar o percurso narrativo de sua obra. A seleção de contos se organiza sob o arco histórico da ditadura militar, e as análises buscam se associar a temas da identidade nacional. Partindo de Malagueta, Perus e Bacanaço, trata de seus assuntos mais imanentes, como a anonímia e o negacear do malandro, relacionando-os à sua época e ao empenho inicial do autor. Segue com a análise de Paulinho Perna Torta, em que se discute os desdobramentos de um tipo de progresso que a experiência nacional tornou particular. Neles se inserem tanto a violência urbana quanto a nova formação do sujeito. E elabora em seguida as leituras de Dedo-Duro e Toni Roy Show, contos que servem para a retomada do gênero conto e passam a delinear uma abertura formal e temática que se resolve no conto Abraçado ao meu rancor. Em perspectiva, esta dissertação busca depreender da obra do autor uma constante que atravessa o seu fazer literário e seu tempo histórico, nomeada aqui como uma \"literatura de negação\". / The dissertation elaborates some analysis of short stories of João Antonio with the intention of tracing the narrative course of his work. The selection of short stories is organized under the historical arc of the Brazilian military dictatorship, and the analyses seek to associate themselves with themes of national identity. Starting with Malagueta, Perus and Bacanaço, it deals with its most immanent subjects, such as the anonymous portion of poor people and the flutter of the malandro, relating them to his time and to the author\'s initial commitment. It follows with the analysis of Paulinho Perna Torta and the dissertation discusses a type of progress that the national experience made particular in reason of urban violence and the new formation of the subject. And then this work elaborates the readings of Dedo-Duro and Toni Roy Show, short stories that serve to retake this textual genre and begin to delineate a formal and thematic opening that is resolved in other short story, Abraçado do meu rancor. In perspective, this dissertation seeks to understand from the author\'s work a constant that goes through his literary work and his historical time, named here as a \"literature of denial\".

Um modelo numérico para simulação da resposta aeroelástica de asas fixas é proposto. A estratégia adotada no trabalho é a de tratar a aerodinâmica e a dinâmica estrutural separadamente e então acoplá-las na equação de movimento. A caracterização dinâmica de uma asa protótipo é feita pelo método dos elementos finitos e a equação de movimento é escrita em função das coordenadas modais. O carregamento aerodinâmico não-estacionário é determinado pelo método de malha de vórtices. A troca de informações entre as malhas estrutural e aerodinâmica é feita através do método de interpolação por splines de superfície e a equação de movimento é resolvida iterativamente no domínio do tempo, utilizando-se um método preditor-corretor. As teorias de aerodinâmica, dinâmica estrutural e do acoplamento entre elas são apresentadas separadamente, juntamente com os respectivos resultados obtidos. A resposta aeroelástica da asa protótipo é representada por curvas de deslocamentos modais em função do tempo para várias velocidades de vôo e a ocorrência de flutter é verificada quando estas curvas divergem (i.e. as amplitudes aumentam progressivamente). Transformadas de Fourier destas curvas mostram o acoplamento de freqüências característico do fenômeno de flutter. / A numerical model for the simulation of the aeroelastic response of fixed wings is proposed. The methodology used in the work is to treat the aerodynamic and the structural dynamics separately and then couple them in the equation of motion. The dynamic characterization of a prototype wing is done by the finite element method and the equation of motion is written in modal coordinates. The unsteady aerodynamic loads are predicted using the vortex lattice method. The exchange of information between the aerodynamic and structural meshes is done by the surface splines interpolation scheme, and the equation of motion is solved interactively in the time domain, employing a predictor-corrector method. The aerodynamic and structural dynamics theories, and the methodology to couple them, are described separately, together with the corresponding obtained results. The aeroelastic response of the prototype wing is represented by time histories of the modal coordinates for different airspeeds, and the flutter occurrence is verified when the time histories diverge (i.e. the amplitudes keep growing). Fast Fourier Transforms of these time histories show the coupling of frequencies, typical of the flutter phenomenon.

A dissertação elabora a análise de alguns contos de João Antônio com a intenção de traçar o percurso narrativo de sua obra. A seleção de contos se organiza sob o arco histórico da ditadura militar, e as análises buscam se associar a temas da identidade nacional. Partindo de Malagueta, Perus e Bacanaço, trata de seus assuntos mais imanentes, como a anonímia e o negacear do malandro, relacionando-os à sua época e ao empenho inicial do autor. Segue com a análise de Paulinho Perna Torta, em que se discute os desdobramentos de um tipo de progresso que a experiência nacional tornou particular. Neles se inserem tanto a violência urbana quanto a nova formação do sujeito. E elabora em seguida as leituras de Dedo-Duro e Toni Roy Show, contos que servem para a retomada do gênero conto e passam a delinear uma abertura formal e temática que se resolve no conto Abraçado ao meu rancor. Em perspectiva, esta dissertação busca depreender da obra do autor uma constante que atravessa o seu fazer literário e seu tempo histórico, nomeada aqui como uma \"literatura de negação\". / The dissertation elaborates some analysis of short stories of João Antonio with the intention of tracing the narrative course of his work. The selection of short stories is organized under the historical arc of the Brazilian military dictatorship, and the analyses seek to associate themselves with themes of national identity. Starting with Malagueta, Perus and Bacanaço, it deals with its most immanent subjects, such as the anonymous portion of poor people and the flutter of the malandro, relating them to his time and to the author\'s initial commitment. It follows with the analysis of Paulinho Perna Torta and the dissertation discusses a type of progress that the national experience made particular in reason of urban violence and the new formation of the subject. And then this work elaborates the readings of Dedo-Duro and Toni Roy Show, short stories that serve to retake this textual genre and begin to delineate a formal and thematic opening that is resolved in other short story, Abraçado do meu rancor. In perspective, this dissertation seeks to understand from the author\'s work a constant that goes through his literary work and his historical time, named here as a \"literature of denial\".

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1981. / Microfiche copy available in Archives and Barker. / Includes bibliographical references. / by Steven James Hollowell. / M.S.

Limit Cycle Oscillation is a type of aircraft wing structural vibration caused by the non-linearity of the system. The objective of this thesis is to provide a numerical study of this aeroelastic behavior. A CFD solver is used to simulate airfoils displaying such an aeroelastic behavior under certain airflow conditions. Two types of airfoils are used for this numerical study, including the NACA64a010 airfoil, and the supercritical NLR 7301 airfoil. The CFD simulation of limit cycle oscillation (LCO) can be obtained by using published flow and structural parameters. Final results from the CFD solver capture LCO, as well as flutter, behaviors for both wings. These CFD results can be obtained by using two different solution schemes, including the Roe and Zha scheme. The pressure coefficient and skin friction coefficient distributions are computed using the CFD results for LCO and flutter simulations of these two airfoils, and they provide a physical understanding of these aeroelastic behaviors.