Fortement liées à l’international, les industries françaises du textile ont connu une évolution erratique entre 1871 et 1914. L’adoption de tarifs hautement protectionnistes en 1892 favorise les industriels du coton au détriment de ceux travaillant la laine et la soie. Ces derniers exportent leurs marchandises luxueuses sur des marchés ouverts à la concurrence. Ils profitent peu des marchés coloniaux, moins intéressés par leurs produits. Des politiques hardies d’importation directe de la matière première permettent, notamment à Roubaix, de pallier à certains désavantages. Si plusieurs industriels incitent le gouvernement à réformer ses services commerciaux à l’étranger et à y adjoindre des spécialistes, ils retiennent peu les recommandations des experts concernant l’adoption des moyens propres à favoriser les exportations. Plusieurs carences du commerce français ont été soulignées précocement mais il a été difficile de rapidement appliquer des solutions. Dans un contexte marqué par une concurrence accrue sur les marchés extérieurs, la France s’en tire mieux qu’on a pu le penser. La flexibilité de l’appareil productif français permet d’obtenir de nombreuses commandes dans les créneaux du luxe et du demi-luxe. Son niveau d’intégration, moins élevé que dans d’autres pays, se révèle ainsi parfois être un avantage. Toutefois, l’industrie textile est handicapée par la grande difficulté des patrons à s’associer de manière stable à l’extérieur du clan familial. L’entente se réalise cependant plus aisément et avantageusement pour ceux qui ont une production spécialisée, rare ou brevetée. Les performances et l’organisation des entreprises textiles françaises à l’étranger montrent que le marché national stimulait peu les producteurs à adopter les meilleures conditions de production possibles. Ces sociétés et celles obtenant des succès à l’exportation sont souvent les plus dynamiques et les plus rentables. / Strongly connected to international trade, the French textile industry experienced erratic changes between 1871 and 1914. The adoption of protectionist tariffs in 1892 favor cotton manufacturers at the expense of wool and silk producers. The latter export their luxury merchandise on markets that are open to competition. They deal very little on colonial markets, due to a lack of interest in their products. Bold direct importation policies on raw materials help overcome some disadvantages, especially in Roubaix. Several manufacturers urge the government to reform its foreign trade services and hire specialists, but they do not act upon recommendations from experts regarding the adoption of certain measures to promote exports. Several shortcomings of French trade were pointed out early on, but it proved difficult to apply swift solutions. In the context of greater foreign competition, France performed better than we would have imagined. The flexibility of the French manufacturing industry helps it to obtain several orders in the luxury and semi-luxury goods niches. Its level of integration, weaker than in other countries, sometimes proves to be an advantage. However, the textile industry is crippled by its leaders’ great difficulty to do stable business outside of their families. That said, those who deal in specialized, rare or patented production manage to reach agreements more easily and gain the upper hand. The performance and organization of the French textile industry abroad demonstrate that the domestic market provided little incentive to manufacturers to adopt the best possible conditions for production. These companies and those successful exporting their goods are often the strongest and most profitable.

Univ., Diss. 2004--Bern, 2004. / Literaturverz. S. [375] - 388.

Univ., Diss.--Kiel, 2006. / Literaturverz. S. XXXVII - LIII.

Univ., Diss--Köln, 2003.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Miami University, Dept. of Political Science, 2008. / Title from first page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p.112-118).

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Wien, 2002. / Academy publication.

The title of the thesis is {\clqq}Possibilities of diferent cooperation forms of companies which are exporting on foreign markets``. The main object of the thesis was evaluation of Centropen, a.s. Dačice and Binney and Smith (European s.r.o.) cooperation. Partial object of this thesis was analysis of both firms. There was accomplish the analysis of the internal and external environment of the individual firms. During the analysis was determined strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of this firms. This analysis was used as a base for determining of new market entrance strategies for individual firms. Diferenciation strategy was recommended for Centropen a.s. Dačice. This strategy is based on innovation of products and their penetrated new foreign markets. On the other hand, ideal strategy for Binney and Smith is strategy of market expansion, for adapting of this strategy is wery important finding of one or more new markets and products initiation to this markets. Next stage of the analysis was concentrated on monitoring markets in tree countries: USA, Canada, China, than was formulate the five force model of Porter, which was used for research of entry of new competitors, the threats of substitues, the bargaining power of buyers, the bargaing power of suppliers and the rivality among the existing competitors. This analysis was focused on probe of political factors, economic factors, social and cultural factors, technological factors. The next stage of this analysis was suggesting of export market with the less risk. With respect to results of the analysis, the optimal market for these firms is USA market. The thesis is deal with forms of entering to foreign trades too. Indirect form of entering the foreign market by way of piggybacking can we in this case recommended. Using of this strategy should be profitable for both firms. The big oportunity for Centropen is chance of using goodwill and power of Binney and Smith. Distribution system and other Binney and Smith services are interesting too. Oportunities for Binney and Smith are possibility offer to versatile spectrum article, and cost saving, joint financing and exploitation sales network, channels of distribution, market a product own marker, control of price, and own marketing strategy.

On the 21st September 1995, the government introduced the Motor Industry Development Programme (MIDP), in compliance with the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the World Trade Organization (WTO). Deliberate efforts by the South African government were required to promote structural changes to the domestic motor industry by opening up the economy to international competition through a programme of tariff reduction and export promotion. The integration of the South African automotive industry into global markets would have been extremely difficult, if not impossible, without the MIDP and it would thus be safe to conclude that the economic performance of the researched would have been close to impossible if it was not for the MIDP. The MIDP, as an economic policy, has been embraced by the researched company as a "vehicle" to drive corporate goals in terms of value creation for all stakeholders. The research proposition that the MIDP as an economic policy has contributed to the economic performance of the researched company is examined. In this respect, Annual and Management Accounting reports were analyzed to determine the effect the MIDP has had on the researched company over the last ten years. In addition, two semi-structured interviews were also conducted with the Strategic Finance Planning executive and the Financial Controller of the company. The results show that the MIDP has had positive spin-offs for the researched company. The same results should be valid for the other original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) in the local automotive industry that have embraced the MIDP as a vehicle to create economic value added.

The aim of this thesis is to define the basic parameters of balance of trade between the Czech Republic and Poland in agri-food production. Attention is focused on assessing qualitative aspects of Polish origin food, especially with the findings of supervisory authorities in the Czech market. The thesis also deals with agrarian foreign trade in terms of territorial and commodity structure. Another issue is the import of Polish food focusing on the market for poultry. Poland joined the awareness of consumers and professionals in connection with undesirable practices negatively affecting food safety.

Made available in DSpace on 2009-11-18T19:00:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2003 / This job intends to identify and study the main technical, administrative and bureaucratic hindrances that challenge the Manaus Free Zone consolidation as an Industrial Exportation Pole. Such study has been based on technical bibliography, federal legislation and field research. The hypothesis states that administrative, technical and bureaucratic hindrances exist and that they are really challenging, making difficult the consolidation of the industrial park located in the Free Zone, in Manaus. Thus, this hypothesis allows a tactful study on the challenges, which are to be faced by the current and potential exporters. / O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de identificar e estudar os principais entraves técnicos, administrativos e burocráticos que desafiam a solidificação da Zona Franca de Manaus como Pólo Industrial Exportador. O levantamento da bibliografia técnica, legislação federal e a pesquisa de campo realizada constituem-se na sustentação do estudo. A hipótese de que existem entraves administrativos, técnicos e burocráticos que se estabelecem como os principais desafios que dificultam a consolidação do Distrito Industrial instalado na Zona Franca de Manaus permite buscar o mapeamento desses desafios a serem enfrentados pelos atuais e potenciais exportadores.